Gene-gene and gene-environmental interaction of dopaminergic system genes in Pakistani children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder influenced by genetic and environmental factors. This study examined the specific gene variants, dopamine transporter 1 (DAT1) rs6350, dopamine receptor D3 (DRD3) rs6280, dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) rs6277, and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) rs4633, in relation to ADHD among Pakistani children by exploring the potential gene-gene and gene-environment interactions.

Methods: A total of 100 cases of ADHD and 100 healthy children were recruited.