Murine Soft Tissue Infection Model to Study Group A Streptococcus (GAS) Pathogenesis in Necrotizing Fasciitis.

Group A streptococcus (GAS) necrotizing fasciitis (NF) causes high morbidity and mortality despite prompt intravenous administration of antibiotics, surgical soft-tissue debridement, and supportive treatment in the intensive care unit. Since there is no effective vaccine against GAS infections, a comprehensive understanding of NF pathogenesis is required to design more efficient treatments. To increase our understanding of NF pathogenesis, we need a reliable animal model that mirrors, at least in part, the infectious process in humans.

Unfolded protein response inhibitors cure group A streptococcal necrotizing fasciitis by modulating host asparagine.

Group A streptococcus (GAS) is among the top 10 causes of mortality from an infectious disease, producing mild to invasive life-threatening manifestations. Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is characterized by a rapid GAS spread into fascial planes followed by extensive tissue destruction. Despite prompt treatments of antibiotic administration and tissue debridement, mortality from NF is still high.

LL-37-mediated activation of host receptors is critical for defense against group A streptococcal infection.

Group A Streptococcus (GAS) causes diverse human diseases, including life-threatening soft-tissue infections. It is accepted that the human antimicrobial peptide LL-37 protects the host by killing GAS. Here, we show that GAS extracellular protease ScpC N-terminally cleaves LL-37 into two fragments of 8 and 29 amino acids, preserving its bactericidal activity.

Comparative evaluation of color stability of three composite resins in mouthrinse: An study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of chlorhexidine mouthrinse on the color stability between three different types of composites.

Materials And Methods: A total of 30 samples of size 10-mm length, 1-mm width, and 1-mm thickness were prepared on a customized microglass slide from each of the composite materials and immersed in 20 ml of distilled water followed by incubation at 37°C for 24 h. The samples were divided into three groups ( = 10) - Group I: A nanofilled composite, Filtek Z350XT (3M ESPE, St.

A Sub-population of Group A Streptococcus Elicits a Population-wide Production of Bacteriocins to Establish Dominance in the Host.

Bacteria use quorum sensing (QS) to regulate gene expression. We identified a group A Streptococcus (GAS) strain possessing the QS system sil, which produces functional bacteriocins, through a sequential signaling pathway integrating host and bacterial signals. Host cells infected by GAS release asparagine (ASN), which is sensed by the bacteria to alter its gene expression and rate of proliferation.

Expanding antigen-specific regulatory networks to treat autoimmunity.

Regulatory T cells hold promise as targets for therapeutic intervention in autoimmunity, but approaches capable of expanding antigen-specific regulatory T cells in vivo are currently not available. Here we show that systemic delivery of nanoparticles coated with autoimmune-disease-relevant peptides bound to major histocompatibility complex class II (pMHCII) molecules triggers the generation and expansion of antigen-specific regulatory CD4(+) T cell type 1 (TR1)-like cells in different mouse models, including mice humanized with lymphocytes from patients, leading to resolution of established autoimmune phenomena. Ten pMHCII-based nanomedicines show similar biological effects, regardless of genetic background, prevalence of the cognate T-cell population or MHC restriction.

Successful endodontic management of hypo, meso and hypertaurodontism: Two case reports.

Taurodontism is a morphoanatomical developmental anomaly rarely seen in teeth. Permanent mandibular molars are most commonly affected. Endodontic treatment of a taurodont tooth is challenging and requires special handling because of proximity and apical displacement of roots.

Crystal structure of 4-(4'-diethylaminophenyl)-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-(2-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-pyridine-3-carbonitrile.

4-(4'-Diethylaminophenyl)-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-(2-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-pyridine-3-carbonitrile (DMPPC) was studied by X-ray diffraction methods due to its non-linear optical properties. The pyrrolidine and pyridine rings adopt half-chair and planar conformations, respectively. The molecules in the crystal are stabilized by C-H.

Crystal structure of 2-chloro-3-(beta-nitrovinyl)quinoline.

2-Chloro-3-(beta-nitrovinyl)quinoline (CNQ) was crystallographically studied owing to its medicinal properties and its occurrance in numerous commercial products, including pharmaceuticals, fragrances and dyes. The vinyl group is planar, and takes up an extended conformation. An hydrogen bonding of C-H.