Antioxidant, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Properties and Blood-Pressure-Lowering Effect of Rice Bran Protein Hydrolysates.

This research aimed to investigate the biological properties of different hydrolysates derived from industrial and laboratory defatted rice bran proteins. Industrial and laboratory defatted rice bran protein concentrates were hydrolyzed with alcalase or flavorzyme. The degree of hydrolysis (DH), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), reducing power, total phenolic compounds (TPC), and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity, were determined in the hydrolysates and the molecular fractions lower than 3 kDa.

Evidence that Nitric Oxide is Involved in the Blood Pressure Lowering Effect of the Peptide AVFQHNCQE in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats.

AVFQHNCQE is an antihypertensive nonapeptide obtained from a chicken foot protein hydrolysate. The present study aims to investigate the mechanisms involved in its blood pressure (BP)-lowering effect. Male (17⁻20 weeks old) spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were used in this study.

Dose-Related Antihypertensive Properties and the Corresponding Mechanisms of a Chicken Foot Hydrolysate in Hypertensive Rats.

The antihypertensive properties of different doses of a chicken foot hydrolysate, Hpp11 and the mechanisms involved in this effect were investigated. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were administered water, Captopril (50 mg/kg) or Hpp11 at different doses (25, 55 and 85 mg/kg), and the systolic blood pressure (SBP) was recorded. The SBP of normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats administered water or Hpp11 was also recorded.

Long-term antihypertensive effect of a soluble cocoa fiber product in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Background And Methods: This study evaluates the antihypertensive effect of long-term intake of a soluble cocoa fiber product (SCFP). Different doses of SCFP were evaluated (200, 400, and 800 mg/kg/day) and a dose of 800 mg/kg/day of beta-glucan 0.75 (BETA-G) was used as a standard fiber.

Probiotic Strain Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CECT 8145 Reduces Fat Content and Modulates Lipid Metabolism and Antioxidant Response in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Recently, microbial changes in the human gut have been proposed as a possible cause of obesity. Therefore, modulation of microbiota through probiotic supplements is of great interest to support obesity therapeutics. The present study examines the functional effect and metabolic targets of a bacterial strain, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.

The blood pressure effect and related plasma levels of flavan-3-ols in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

We studied the short-term antihypertensive effect of flavan-3-ols (-)-epicatechin, (+)-catechin and (-)-catechin, in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Plasma metabolites and the corresponding plasma antioxidant capacity were determined. All the assayed flavan-3-ols decreased systolic blood pressure (SBP) in SHR.

Long-Term Effect of an Aqueous Fraxinus excelsior L. Seed Extract in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats.

The effect of long-term intake of different doses (20, 40, and 60 mg/kg/day) of a Fraxinus excelsior L. seed extract (FESE) on spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) was evaluated. Water was used as control and captopril (50 mg/kg/day) was used as positive control.

Beneficial effects of polyphenols on cardiovascular disease.

In recent years, numerous studies have demonstrated the health benefits of polyphenols, and special attention has been paid to their beneficial effects against cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death in the world today. Polyphenols present vasodilator effects and are able to improve lipid profiles and attenuate the oxidation of low density lipoproteins. In addition, they present clear anti-inflammatory effects and can modulate apoptotic processes in the vascular endothelium.

Dietary fiber, gut peptides, and adipocytokines.

The consumption of dietary fiber (DF) has increased since it was related to the prevention of a range of illnesses and pathological conditions. DF can modify some gut hormones that regulate satiety and energy intake, thus also affecting lipid metabolism and energy expenditure. Among these gut hormones are ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide 1, peptide YY, and cholecystokinin.

Soluble fiber-enriched diets improve inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers in Zucker fatty rats.

In this study we evaluated the effect of the administration of different soluble fiber enriched-diets on inflammatory and redox state of Zucker fatty rats. Four groups of ten 8 week-old female Zucker fatty rats were used. The four groups were respectively fed the following diets until the 15th week of life: standard diet (obese control), 10% high methoxylated apple pectin (HMAP)-, 5% soluble cocoa fiber (SCF)-, and 10% β-glucan-enriched diets.

Effect of a soluble cocoa fiber-enriched diet in Zucker fatty rats.

The effects of a soluble cocoa fiber (SCF) were studied in Zucker fatty rats. Two groups of Zucker fatty rats were fed the following diets: standard diet and 5% SCF-enriched diet. A group of Zucker lean rats fed the standard diet was used for results comparison with obese Zucker animals.

Changes in arterial blood pressure after single oral administration of milk-casein-derived peptides in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

In this study we evaluated the short-term oral antihypertensive effect of several peptide sequences isolated from casein fractions, previously characterized as in vitro angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitors, in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of the rats were measured by the tail cuff method before administration and also 2, 4, 6, 8 and 24 h post-administration. The sequences LVYPFTGPIPN, HLPLP, IAK, YAKPVA and WQVLPNAVPAK showed a clear decrease in SBP and DBP in SHR.

Antihypertensive effect of a polyphenol-rich cocoa powder industrially processed to preserve the original flavonoids of the cocoa beans.

A natural flavonoid-enriched cocoa powder, commercially named CocoanOX and developed via a patented industrial process, was characterized and tested for a possible antihypertensive effect. The bioavailability of this polyphenol-rich cocoa powder developed at pilot scale was previously demonstrated in humans. The present results showed that this product was very rich in total procyanidins (128.

Dietary fiber in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome: a review.

Inclusion of fiber in the diet has been linked to the prevention of a range of illnesses and conditions. This review contains several ideas about the possible benefits of dietary fiber intake in patients with metabolic syndrome. The principal beneficial effects of a fiber-rich diet in these patients are: prevention of obesity, improved glucose levels, and control of the profile of blood lipids.

Effect of the long-term intake of an egg white hydrolysate on the oxidative status and blood lipid profile of spontaneously hypertensive rats.

This paper examines the effects of the long-term consumption of egg white hydrolysed with pepsin (hEW) on the antioxidant status and lipid profile of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The antioxidant capacity was measured by the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and the oxidative status by the malon-dialdehyde (MDA) assay. The lipid profile was analysed spectrophotometrically.

Zucker rats as an experimental model for the study of various diseases.

Zucker fatty rats are the best known animal model of genetic obesity. Obesity in these animals is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. Affected rats have a mutation in the leptin receptor and show hyperphagia and other alterations similar to those that appear in human metabolic syndrome.

Vascular effects, angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory activity, and antihypertensive properties of peptides derived from egg white.

In this study, we have identified novel antihypertensive peptides derived from egg-white proteins. The sequences YRGGLEPINF and ESIINF produced an acute blood-pressure-lowering effect in spontaneously hypertensive rats upon a single oral administration. Our results suggest that the antihypertensive action could be attributed to a vascular-relaxing mechanism that would occur in vivo independently of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition, because neither these peptides nor their main digestion fragments, except for the dipeptide YR, acted as ACE inhibitors in vitro.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme activity in plasma and tissues of spontaneously hypertensive rats after the short- and long-term intake of hydrolysed egg white.

This paper evaluates the effects of the short- (1 g/kg) and long-term (0.5 and 1 g/kg/day) oral intake of egg white hydrolysed with pepsin (hEW) and the long-term oral intake (1 g/kg/day) of egg white (EW) on local angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activities in plasma and other tissues of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), as compared to the effect of the ACE inhibitor prototype captopril. The rats treated with hEW were classed in a different group than the control rats and the rats treated with EW by cluster analysis, taking into account their tissue ACE activities and their systolic blood pressure (SBP).

Antihypertensive peptides derived from egg proteins.

There have been studies of antihypertensive peptides derived from food proteins, but very few described the production of bioactive peptides from egg proteins. The first 2 antihypertensive peptides isolated in egg were obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of ovalbumin. They correspond to the sequences Phe-Arg-Ala-Asp-His-Pro-Phe-Leu (ovokinin) and Arg-Ala-Asp-His-Phe-Leu (ovokinin 2-7).

Long-term intake of egg white hydrolysate attenuates the development of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

This paper evaluates the effect of the long-term intake of a hydrolysate of egg white with pepsin (HEW), with a potent angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory activity, on the development of hypertension of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). After being weaned, male 3-week-old SHR were randomly divided into five groups that were given until the 20th week of life the following drinking fluids: (1) tap water, (2) non-treated egg white 1 g/kg/day, (3) captopril 100 mg/kg/day, (4) HEW 0.5 g/kg/day, and (5) HEW 1 g/kg/day.

Short-term effect of egg-white hydrolysate products on the arterial blood pressure of hypertensive rats.

In the present study we evaluate the blood pressure-lowering effect of the following products: the hydrolysate obtained from egg white (EW) by enzymatic treatment with pepsin (HEW), the peptide fraction of HEW with molecular mass lower than 3000 Da (HEW<3000 Da), and three peptide sequences isolated from HEW<3000 Da (Tyr-Ala-Glu-Glu-Arg-Tyr-Pro-Ile-Leu: YAEERYPIL); (Arg-Ala-Asp-His-Pro-Phe-Leu: RADHPFL); and (Ile-Val-Phe (IVF)). These peptides, and also HEW and HEW<3000 Da, had been characterized previously in vitro as potent inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). EW and the products mentioned earlier were orally administered by gastric intubation, to 17-20-week-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats.

Role of Na+/K+-ATPase in the high extracellular calcium-induced impairment of rabbit aorta contractile activity.

The present study was designed to prove whether the activation of the sarcolemmal Na+/K+-ATPase in the rabbit aorta could explain the decreased contraction caused in this tissue by high extracellular calcium. To demonstrate this hypothesis, we evaluate the modification in the contractile responses to KCl and alpha1-adrenoceptor agonists (methoxamine and phenylephrine) produced by a high extracellular Ca2+ concentration (10 mM) in isolated rabbit aorta rings when the Na+/K+-ATPase is inhibited with ouabain. Ouabain 10(-4) M caused an initial rapid increase in tone in the rabbit aorta rings, which could be linked to the release of catecholamines provoked when the Na+/K+-ATPase in the nerve terminal was blocked.

Blood pressure and alpha-vascular reactivity in hypertensive rats treated with amlodipine and dietary Ca.

It has been suggested that the combination of dietary Ca and Ca2+ channel antagonists could have a synergic antihypertensive effect. In this study, 3-week-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were randomized into four groups of animals. Two of these groups were fed on a normal Ca diet (Ca 1%) and the other two groups were fed on a Ca-enriched diet (Ca 2.

Effect of dietary calcium supplements and amlodipine on growth, arterial blood pressure, and cardiac hypertrophy of spontaneously hypertensive rats.

It has been shown that calcium-enriched diets cause a decrease in arterial blood pressure in hypertensive patients and animals. Moreover, it has been suggested that the combination of dietary calcium and calcium antagonists could paradoxically have a synergistic effect in order to decrease arterial blood pressure. The combination of these treatments may also have potential therapeutic benefit in the attenuation of cardiac hypertrophy.

Effect of nitroglycerine in popliteal preparations from patients with peripheral occlusive arteriopathy precontracted with KCl or 5-hydroxytryptamine.

1. At the present time, there are no studies in isolated arteries from patients suffering from peripheral occlusive arteriopathy (POA). In the present study, we attempt to characterize the effect of nitroglycerine (GTN) in isolated popliteal preparations obtained after leg amputation in 60-90-year-old men and women suffering from POA.