Safety Assessment of Butyric Acid-Rich Triglyceride Oil: A Novel Palatable Formulation of Butyrate for the Pediatric Population.

A novel, palatable butyric acid-rich triglyceride oil has been developed and is available as a food supplement for adults in the United States and Canada. A program of safety studies was conducted with butyric acid-rich triglyceride oil for the pediatric population. The oil was tested in a microbial reverse mutation assay Ames Test OECD471 (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) in which all bacterial strains showed negative responses over the complete dose range in two independently repeated experiments.

Interlaboratory Study to Evaluate a Testing Protocol for the Safety of Food Packaging Coatings.

According to European regulations, migration from food packaging must be safe. However, currently, there is no consensus on how to evaluate its safety, especially for non-intentionally added substances (NIAS). The intensive and laborious approach, involving identification and then quantification of all migrating substances followed by a toxicological evaluation, is not practical or feasible.

Early Life to Adult Brain Lipidome Dynamic: A Temporospatial Study Investigating Dietary Polar Lipid Supplementation Efficacy.

The lipid composition of the brain is well regulated during development, and the specific temporospatial distribution of various lipid species is essential for the development of optimal neural functions. Dietary lipids are the main source of brain lipids and thus contribute to the brain lipidome. Human milk is the only source of a dietary lipids for exclusively breastfed infant.

Effects of interesterified lipid design on the short/medium chain fatty acid hydrolysis rate and extent (in vitro).

Short/medium chain fatty acids have well known health effects such as gut immune regulation and ketogenesis. The ability to realise these health effects is potentially limited by their rapid gastro-intestinal lipolysis. It was proposed that synthesising novel interesterified lipids via an interesterification reaction to generate a combination of short/medium and long chain fatty acids would modulate their gastrointestinal digestion.

Synthesis, identification and quantification of oligomers from polyester coatings for metal packaging.

Polyester can coatings protect both food and packaging from mutual contamination. Even though, can coatings may release Non-Intentionally Added Substances (NIAS) in addition to Intentionally Added Substances (IAS). As NIAS are mainly constituted by cyclic or linear side products that are formed during the polymerization process, we focused our attention on these oligomeric species of molecular weight <1000 Da.

Integrating bioassays and analytical chemistry as an improved approach to support safety assessment of food contact materials.

Food contact materials (FCM) contain chemicals which can migrate into food and result in human exposure. Although it is mandatory to ensure that migration does not endanger human health, there is still no consensus on how to pragmatically assess the safety of FCM since traditional approaches would require extensive toxicological and analytical testing which are expensive and time consuming. Recently, the combination of bioassays, analytical chemistry and risk assessment has been promoted as a new paradigm to identify toxicologically relevant molecules and address safety issues.

Modulation of (-)-epicatechin metabolism by coadministration with other polyphenols in Caco-2 cell model.

Widely consumed beverages such as red wine, tea, and cocoa-derived products are a great source of flavanols. Epidemiologic and interventional studies suggest that cocoa flavanols such as (-)-epicatechin may reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The interaction of (-)-epicatechin with food components including other polyphenols could modify its absorption, metabolism, and finally its bioactivity.

In vitro digestion of citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides (CITREM) and CITREM-containing infant formula/emulsions.

CITREM is an emulsifier used in the food industry and contains citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides (GCFE). It is generally recognized as safe but no publication on its digestibility under gastrointestinal conditions and impact on fat digestion was available. It was shown here that fatty acids are released from CITREM by gastric lipase, pancreatic lipase, pancreatic-lipase-related protein 2 and carboxyl ester hydrolase.

Highly diastereoselective Diels-Alder reactions of Baylis-Hillman adducts.

[reaction: see text] Baylis-Hillman adducts were found to be excellent dienophiles in Diels-Alder reactions, providing essentially complete diastereocontrol (although mixtures of endo/exo isomers) with all dienes.

Highly stereocontrolled synthesis of natural barbacenic acid, novel bisnorditerpene from Barbacenia flava.

Barbacenic acid, a bisnorditerpene with five contiguous asymmetric centers (four fully substituted), has been prepared for the first time through a highly stereocontrolled route in 5.2% overall yield from a known octalone. The synthesis serves to define the absolute configuration of the natural product.