Cyclical Curriculum Learning.

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are inspired by human learning. However, unlike human education, classical ANN does not use a curriculum. Curriculum learning (CL) refers to the process of ANN training in which samples are used in a meaningful order.

Comparison of the Effects of Various Methods Used to Remove Adhesive from Tooth Surfaces on Surface Roughness and Temperature Changes in the Pulp Chamber.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare the effects of three methods of removing adhesive on enamel surface roughness and dental pulp temperature.

Methods: Ninety human maxillary premolars were randomly divided into three groups (n=30) according to the type of adhesive clean-up procedure: aluminum oxide-based burs, erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser, and tungsten carbide bur. The surface roughness of enamel was measured using a non-contact optical profilometer.

Comparison of the Effects of Two Different Analgesics on Bone Regeneration During Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis.

Introduction: Mandibular distraction osteogenesis (DO) is frequently used in the management of bone defects and craniofacial deformities, with analgesics commonly administered to relieve acute postoperative pain. This experimental animal study investigated the effects of 2 analgesics, acetaminophen and acemetacin, on bone regeneration after DO.

Materials And Methods: This study was conducted with 14 mature male New Zealand rabbits (2.

Intraoral Molar Distalization with Intraosseous Mini Screw.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the miniscrew-supported, modified Hyrax appliance on bilateral distalization of posterior teeth. A 15-year-old girl with Class II malocclusion (end-to-end molar relationships, space deficiency for maxillary canine) underwent orthodontic treatment. The patient rejected tooth extraction.

Combined Use of Retraction and Torque Arch with Mini-Screws: A Cephalometric Study.

Objective: Our objective was to investigate and quantify the treatment of micro-implant-aided retraction and torque (R&T) arch on dentofacial structures.

Methods: Twelve patients (mean age 21.2 years) who required orthodontic camouflage treatment were included in the study.

Improved Space Forest: A Meta Ensemble Method.

The performance of the ensemble algorithms is related with the individual accuracy of the base learners and their results diversity. Individual accuracy of a base learner is directly related to the similarity between the original training set and the base learner's training set. When a modified training set by randomly selecting features/classes/samples is given to the base learners, the diversity is created but the individual accuracy is decreased.

Level of Social Appearance Anxiety in Individuals with and without Alignment of Teeth.

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the level of social appearance anxiety in individuals with and without alignment of teeth and to demonstrate that orthodontic treatment is effective in reintegrating the individual into society, as well as in improving self-confidence communication skills, and self-esteem.

Methods: The present study included 50 patients (24 males and 26 females) with dental alignment and 50 patients (28 males and 22 females) without dental alignment. The study was performed as an interview study using the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale, which measures emotional, cognitive, and behavioral anxiety felt by the individual due to his/her appearance.

Performance evaluation of the machine learning algorithms used in inference mechanism of a medical decision support system.

The importance of the decision support systems is increasingly supporting the decision making process in cases of uncertainty and the lack of information and they are widely used in various fields like engineering, finance, medicine, and so forth, Medical decision support systems help the healthcare personnel to select optimal method during the treatment of the patients. Decision support systems are intelligent software systems that support decision makers on their decisions. The design of decision support systems consists of four main subjects called inference mechanism, knowledge-base, explanation module, and active memory.

Effect of a self-etching adhesive containing an antibacterial monomer on clinical periodontal parameters and subgingival microbiologic composition in orthodontic patients.

Introduction: The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of a self-etching adhesive system containing an antibacterial monomer on periodontal health and subgingival microbiologic composition in orthodontic patients and to compare it with a conventional adhesive system.

Methods: A split-mouth design was chosen, and 15 patients were included in the study. Brackets in contralateral quadrants were bonded with either a conventional adhesive system (control) or a self-etching adhesive system that contained an antibacterial monomer.

Effect of vitamin C on bone formation in the expanded inter-premaxillary suture. Early bone changes.

Aim: The aim of this experimental study was to histomorphometrically evaluate the effects of vitamin C administration on bone formation in response to expansion of the rat inter-premaxillary suture.

Materials And Methods: A total of 30 50- to 60-day old Wistar male rats were divided into three groups of equal number. The inter-premaxillary suture in each animal was expanded with a 0.

Effect of antibacterial monomer-containing adhesive on enamel demineralization around orthodontic brackets: an in-vivo study.

Introduction: The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of an antibacterial monomer-containing self-etching adhesive in reducing enamel demineralization around orthodontic brackets in vivo and to compare it with the conventional adhesive system quantitatively.

Methods: Fourteen orthodontic patients were randomly divided into 2 equal groups; they received brackets fitted to all their teeth, bonded with either Clearfil Protect Bond (Kuraray Medical, Okayama, Japan) (experimental group) or Transbond XT (3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif) (control group). Block randomization to obtain equal numbers in each group was used.

Does a chitosan-containing dentifrice prevent demineralization around orthodontic brackets?

Objective: To test the null hypothesis that there is no significant difference between the chitosan-containing and conventional nonfluoridated dentifrices in inhibition of enamel demineralization around orthodontic brackets.

Materials And Methods: Sixteen orthodontic patients who were scheduled to have extraction of four first premolars for orthodontic reasons were divided into two groups after the power of the study was estimated. Patients in the experimental group were instructed to use chitosan-containing dentifrice (AloeDent), and patients in the control group were instructed to use nonfluoridated dentifrice (Sensodyne Mint).

In vivo effects of amorphous calcium phosphate-containing orthodontic composite on enamel demineralization around orthodontic brackets.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo effects of an amorphous calcium phosphate-containing orthodontic composite in reducing enamel demineralization around orthodontic brackets, and to compare it with the control.

Methods: Fourteen orthodontic patients were divided into two equal groups. They received brackets fitted to all first premolars, bonded with either Aegis Ortho® (The Bosworth Co.

Effects of different topical agents on enamel demineralization around orthodontic brackets: an in vivo and in vitro study.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo and in vitro effects of a casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) and fluoride containing topical agents in reducing enamel demineralization around orthodontic brackets, and to compare this with a control group.

Methods: Twenty-one patients and 60 extracted premolars were divided into three groups: two experimental and one control. Tooth Mousse® (CPP-ACP gel; GC-Corp, Tokyo, Japan) and Fluoridin N5® (Fluoride gel; Voco-GmbH, Cuxhaven, Germany) were applied to tooth surfaces around orthodontic brackets in the experimental groups.

Response of the expanded inter-premaxillary suture to intermittent compression. Early bone changes.

Objective: To determine the response of the expanded premaxillary suture in the rat to an externally applied force. Specifically, to investigate early bone changes in the expanded suture to intermittent loading and unloading.

Methods: Twenty-four 50 to 60 day-old Wistar rats were assigned to three groups.

Amorphous calcium phosphate-containing orthodontic composites. Do they prevent demineralisation around orthodontic brackets?

Background: A preliminary study using laser fluorescence suggested that amorphous phosphate-containing orthodontic composites may prevent demineralisation around bonded orthodontic brackets.

Objective: To compare the microhardness of the enamel around brackets bonded with an amorphous calcium phosphate-containing orthodontic composite (ACP-containing) with the microhardness of the enamel around brackets bonded with a conventional composite resin.

Methods: Forty extracted upper premolars were used.

Microleakage between composite/wire and composite/enamel interfaces of flexible spiral wire retainers: direct versus indirect application methods.

Objective: The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the microleakage of flexible spiral wire retainers (FSWR) at composite/wire and composite/enamel interfaces produced by an indirect application method to that of a conventional direct application method.

Materials And Methods: Forty freshly extracted human mandibular incisor teeth were randomly divided into two equal groups. Group 1 was bonded directly according to the manufacturer's recommendations.

Effect of periosteal stimulation therapy on bone formation in orthopedically expanded suture in rats.

Objective: The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the effects of periosteal stimulation therapy (PST), on bone regeneration in response to expansion of the interpremaxillary suture, in rats.

Material And Methods: Sixteen male, 50-60 days old Wistar rats were divided into two equal groups (control and experimental). Both groups were subjected to expansion for 5 days, and 30 cN of force was applied to the maxillary incisors with helical spring.

Demineralization properties of newly erupted and mature premolars around orthodontic brackets: an in-vivo study.

Introduction: The aims of this study were to evaluate the in-vivo reaction of newly erupted enamel to demineralization around orthodontic brackets and to compare it with that of mature enamel.

Methods: Thirteen orthodontic patients scheduled to have 4 first premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 included 7 younger patients with newly erupted teeth (4 boys, 3 girls; mean age, 11.

Effect of ED-71, a New Active Vitamin D Analog, on Bone Formation in an Orthopedically Expanded Suture in Rats. A Histomorphometric Study.

Objectives: The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the effects of ED-71, a new active vitamin D analog, on bone regeneration in response to expansion of the mid-palatal suture, in rats, histomorphometrically.

Methods: Sixteen male 50-60 days old Wistar rats were separated into two equal groups (control and experimental). Both groups were subjected to expansion, and 30 grams of force was applied to the maxillary incisors with a helical-spring.

Efficiency of amorphous calcium phosphate-containing orthodontic composite and resin modified glass ionomer on demineralization evaluated by a new laser fluorescence device.

Objectives: The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the efficacy of Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (ACP)-containing orthodontic composite and resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) on enamel demineralization adjacent to orthodontic brackets evaluated by a new laser fluorescence device.

Methods: Sixty extracted maxillary premolars were used in the present study. Twenty orthodontic brackets were bonded with ACP-containing orthodontic adhesive (Aegis-Ortho), 20 were bonded with RMGIC (Fuji Ortho LC) and 20 were bonded with Transbond XT composite as the control.

Cline: a new decision-tree family.

A new family of algorithm called Cline that provides a number of methods to construct and use multivariate decision trees is presented. We report experimental results for two types of data: synthetic data to visualize the behavior of the algorithms and publicly available eight data sets. The new methods have been tested against 23 other decision-tree construction algorithms based on benchmark data sets.