Unravelling the molecular mechanism underlying drought stress tolerance in Dinanath (Pennisetum pedicellatum Trin.) grass via integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses.

Dinanath grass (Pennisetum pedicellatum Trin.) is an extensively grown forage grass known for its significant drought resilience. In order to comprehensively grasp the adaptive mechanism of Dinanath grass in response to water deficient conditions, transcriptomic and metabolomics were applied in the leaves of Dinanath grass exposed to two distinct drought intensities (48-hour and 96-hour).

Transcriptome scale analysis to decode the differential sucrose accumulation mechanisms in sugarcane under the effect of gibberellin.

In the present study, we analyzed GA (gibberellin)-treated sugarcane samples at the transcriptomic level to elucidate the differential expression of genes that influence sucrose accumulation. Previous research has suggested that GA application can potentially delay sink saturation by enhancing sink strength and demand, enabling the accommodation of more sucrose. To investigate the potential role of GA-induced modification of sink capacity in promoting higher sucrose accumulation, we sought to unravel the differential expression of transcripts and analyze their functional annotation.

Twenty-four years lucerne ( L.) breeder seed production in India: a retrospective study.

Lucerne ( L.) is the second most significant winter leguminous fodder crop after berseem in India. Breeder seed (BS) is the first stage of the seed production chain, as it is the base material for producing foundation and certified seeds.

The comparison of Canopeo and samplepoint for measurement of green canopy cover for forage crops in India.

Canopy covers can be measured using destructive (visual) and non-destructive methods (spectral indices, photogrammetry, visual assessment, and quantum sensor). The precision of crop cover estimation, however, is dependent on the selection of appropriate methods. Studies were conducted at the Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi to compare the forage crops canopy cover estimated using photogrammetry software (Canopeo and SamplePoint) and visual assessments.

First report of Curvularia penniseti causing leaf blight of Bajra Napier hybrid grass in India.

Bajra Napier hybrid (Pennisetum glaucum x Pennisetum purpureum) is a perennial, high yielding grass and is widely grown for fodder in India. During August-2021, Bajra Napier hybrid germplasm line (NBN 15-2) showed severe leaf blight symptoms at ICAR-Indian Grassland and fodder research institute, Jhansi (25.527890 N, 78.

Raffinose accumulation and preferential allocation of carbon ( C) to developing leaves impart salinity tolerance in sugar beet.

Sugar beet is a salt-tolerant crop that can be explored for crop production in degraded saline soils. Seeds of multigerm genotypes LKC-2006 (susceptible) and LKC-HB (tolerant) were grown in 150 mM NaCl, from germination to 60 days after sowing, to decipher the mechanism of salinity tolerance at the vegetative stage. The biomass of the root and leaf were maintained in the tolerant genotype, LKC-HB, under saline conditions.

A highly contiguous reference genome assembly for pathotype 08 causing red rot disease in sugarcane.

Unlabelled: Among the biotic factors, which affect the productivity and quality of sugarcane, red rot disease caused by the fungal pathogen, is the most devastating that cause enormous loss to millers as well as cane growers. We present a highly contiguous genome assembly of pathotype 08 which is virulent to popular sugarcane varieties grown in more than 3 million hectares in sub-tropical India. By performing long read sequencing on PacBio RSII system, 56.

Whole genome sequence insight of two plant growth-promoting bacteria (B. subtilis BS87 and B. megaterium BM89) isolated and characterized from sugarcane rhizosphere depicting better crop yield potentiality.

Since sugarcane is a ratoon crop, genome analysis of plant growth-promoting bacteria that exist in its soil rhizosphere, can provide opportunity to better understand their characteristics and use of such bacteria in turn, may especially improve perennial crop productivity. In the present study, genome of two bacterial strains, one each of B. megaterium (BM89) and B.

Microbiome analysis of rhizospheres of plant and winter-initiated ratoon crops of sugarcane grown in sub-tropical India: utility to improve ratoon crop productivity.

One plant and one to two ratoon crops are the predominant patterns of sugarcane cultivation in sub-tropical part of India. Despite high agricultural inputs, yield of ratoon crop gets dwindled in the subsequent years. The microbial community, particularly bacteria and fungi, in the rhizosphere and their interaction with the root system, in general influences plant productivity.

Detection of Puccinia kuehnii Causing Sugarcane Orange Rust with a Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification-Based Assay.

Puccinia kuehnii is a fungal pathogen that causes orange rust in sugarcane, which is now prevalent in many countries. At the early stage of disease, it is almost indistinguishable from brown rust, which is caused by Puccinia melanocephala. Although several PCR assays are available to detect these diseases, the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP)-based assay has been reported to be more economical and easier to perform.

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) based detection of Colletotrichum falcatum causing red rot in sugarcane.

Red rot, caused by Colletotrichum falcatum, is a destructive disease prevalent in most sugarcane-producing countries. Disease-free sugarcane planting materials (setts) are essential as the pathogen spreads primarily through infected setts. The present study was undertaken to develop a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the detection of C.

Development of a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for the detection of Sugarcane mosaic virus and Sorghum mosaic virus in sugarcane.

A reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay was developed for detecting Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) and Sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV) in sugarcane. Six sets of four primers corresponding to the conserved coat protein gene were designed and tested for each virus. Three primer sets designed for detecting SCMV and four for detecting SrMV were successful in the RT-LAMP assay.

Allelic divergence and cultivar-specific SSR alleles revealed by capillary electrophoresis using fluorescence-labeled SSR markers in sugarcane.

Though sugarcane cultivars (Saccharum spp. hybrids) are complex aneupolyploid hybrids, genetic evaluation and tracking of clone- or cultivar-specific alleles become possible through capillary electrophoresis (CE) using fluorescence-labeled SSR markers. Twenty-four sugarcane cultivars, 12 each from India and the USA, were genetically assessed using 21 fluorescence-labeled polymorphic SSR markers.

Exploiting EST databases for the development and characterisation of 3425 gene-tagged CISP markers in biofuel crop sugarcane and their transferability in cereals and orphan tropical grasses.

Background: Sugarcane is an important cash crop, providing 70% of the global raw sugar as well as raw material for biofuel production. Genetic analysis is hindered in sugarcane because of its large and complex polyploid genome and lack of sufficiently informative gene-tagged markers. Modern genomics has produced large amount of ESTs, which can be exploited to develop molecular markers based on comparative analysis with EST datasets of related crops and whole rice genome sequence, and accentuate their cross-technical functionality in orphan crops like tropical grasses.

Transferability of STS markers in studying genetic relationships of marvel grass (Dichanthium annulatum).

Transferability of sequence-tagged-sites (STS) markers was assessed for genetic relationships study among accessions of marvel grass (Dichanthium annulatum Forsk.). In total, 17 STS primers of Stylosanthes origin were tested for their reactivity with thirty accessions of Dichanthium annulatum.

Assessment of genetic variation in lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) using protease inhibitor activities and RAPD markers.

The aim of the present study is to identify and characterize lucerne lines resistance to weevil infestation. After three years of field screening for resistance to weevil infestation, 13 lines of lucerne were selected to assess the genotypic variations for lucerne weevil (Hypera postica Gyll.) at biochemical and molecular levels.

Use of EST database markers from M. truncatula in the transferability to other forage legumes.

In general tropical forage legumes lack microsatellites or simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Development of genic SSR markers from expressed sequence tagged (EST) database is an alternate and efficient approach to generate the standard DNA markers for genome analysis of such crop species. In the present paper a total of 816 EST-SSRs containing perfect repeats of mono (33.

Development and characterization of microsatellite markers from tropical forage Stylosanthes species and analysis of genetic variability and cross-species transferability.

A limited number of functional molecular markers has slowed the desired genetic improvement of Stylosanthes species. Hence, in an attempt to develop simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, genomic libraries from Stylosanthes seabrana B.L.

Use of degenerate primers in rapid generation of microsatellite markers in Panicum maximum.

Guineagrass (Panicum maximum Jacq.) is an important forage grass of tropical and semi-tropical regions, largely apomictic and predominantly exist in tetraploid form. For molecular breeding work, it is prerequisite to develop and design molecular markers for characterization of genotypes, development of linkage map and marker assisted selection.

Isozyme, ISSR and RAPD profiling of genotypes in marvel grass (Dichanthium annulatum).

Genetic analysis of 30 accessions of marvel grass (Dichanthium annulatum Forsk.), a tropical range grass collected from grasslands and open fields of drier regions, was carried out with the objectives of identifying unique materials that could be used in developing the core germplasm for such regions as well as to explore gene (s) for drought tolerance. Five inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primers [(CA)4, (AGAC), (GACA) 4; 27 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and four enzyme systems were employed in the present study.

Identification of species-specific RAPD markers in genus Cenchrus.

Cenchrus is an important component of major grass cover of world. Similar to the other major tropical grasses most of the species in genus Cenchrus are also apomictic in nature hence correct and precise identification of accessions and species are problematic and dubious. In the present study 187 decamer oligonucleotide primers were tested for PCR-based DNA amplification of six prominent species of genus Cenchrus.

Effect of ploidy levels on the activities of delta(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase in Cenchrus species grown under water stress.

The effects of ploidy levels on the activities of delta(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS; EC not assigned), superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) transgenic crop: an environment friendly insect-pest management strategy.

Introduction of DDT (dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane) and following move towards indiscriminate use of synthetic chemical insecticides led to the contamination of water and food sources, poisoning of non-target beneficial insects and development of insect-pests resistant to the chemical insecticides. Increased public concems about the adverse environmental effects of indiscriminate use of chemical insecticides prompted search of altemative methods for insect-pest control. One of the promising alternatives has been the use of biological control agents.

Identification of Diploid Stylosanthes seabrana accessions from existing germplasm of S. scabra utilizing genome-specific STS markers and flow cytometry, and their molecular characterization.

Stylosanthes seabrana (Maass and 't Mannetje) (2n = 2x = 20), commonly known as Caatinga stylo, is an important tropical perennial forage legume. In nature, it largely co-exist with S. scabra, an allotetraploid (2n = 4x = 40) species, sharing a very high similarity for morphological traits like growth habit, perenniality, fruit shape and presence of small appendage at the base of the pod or loment.