Association between maternal dietary diversity during pregnancy and birth outcomes: evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Maternal nutrition is a key factor influencing birth and offspring health outcomes in later life. Dietary diversity (DD) is a proxy for the macro/micronutrient adequacy of an individual's diet. There is inadequate comprehensive evidence regarding maternal nutrition during pregnancy, measured through DD and birth outcomes.

Prevalence and clinical patterns of urolithiasis in sub-saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Background And Objective: Urolithiasis, the presence of stones in the urinary tract, has been linked to various clinical features and reported as a worldwide health concern. Its prevalence varies across different regions as well as populations. Several primary studies have been conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa on the situation.

Sustained underweight in rural areas and emergence of overweight in urban Ethiopian women: a multivariate analysis of EDHS data 2000-2016.

A growing body of evidence indicates the emergence of overweight/obesity in developing countries before the battle against undernutrition has been won. We conducted this study to quantify the reduction of underweight and the emergence of overweight among Ethiopian women from 2000 to 2016 and evaluate factors explaining the progress. We used the four Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys (2000-2016) to analyze body mass index (BMI) trends among women.

Individual and community level factors associated with sexually transmitted infections among men in Tanzania: insights from the Tanzania demographic and health survey of 2022.

Background: Sexually transmitted infections continue to be a significant public health issue on a global scale. Due to their effects on reproductive and child health as well as their role in facilitating the spread of HIV infection, sexually transmitted infections impose a heavy burden of morbidity and mortality in many developing countries. In addition, stigma, infertility, cancer, and an increased risk of HIV are the primary impacts of STIs on sexual and reproductive health.

Challenges and experience of the Ethiopian rural health extension program: implications for reform and revitalization.

Background: Despite remarkable gains over the past decade, mounting evidence suggests that Ethiopia's rural health extension program (HEP) is facing serious implementation challenges. We investigated the current and potential future program design and implementation challenges of Ethiopia's rural HEP based on the lived experiences of health extension workers (HEW) implementing the program at the grassroots level.

Methods: We employed a longitudinal qualitative exploration linked to a larger cluster-randomized trial (RCT) which was implemented in 282 villages randomly selected from 18 Kebeles of the Gedeo zone, southern Ethiopia.

Worldwide magnitude of inguinal hernia: Systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based studies.

This review pooled the magnitude of inguinal hernia based on the available population-based studies conducted throughout the world. We have searched for population-based articles reporting the magnitude of inguinal hernia on PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane library and Google Scholar. Random-effect meta-analysis was carried out to pool the magnitude of inguinal hernia and its proportion between male and female subjects.

The role of multi-dimensional women's empowerment in agriculture to improve the nutritional status of under-five children in rural cash crop producing, resource-limited settings of Ethiopia.

Little is known about the relation between the women empowerment in agriculture index, and health and nutrition outcomes among under-five children in Ethiopia. The study's objective was to examine women's empowerment in agriculture and its association with the nutritional status of children (6-59 months) in rural, cash crop producing, and resource-limited settings of Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted employing 422 households; having women of reproductive age group and children under-five.

Inhaled Corticosteroids and the Risk of Lung Cancer in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The global prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is increasing, and the risk of lung cancer in these patients is high. The use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) in COPD patients could help to decrease potential lung cancer risk. We planned to conduct this systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the role of ICS in the risk of lung cancer among COPD patients.

Magnitude and Predictors of In-Hospital Stroke Mortality in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Stroke is the second leading cause of mortality worldwide, accounting for approximately 5.5 million deaths each year. Due to demographic and health changes, the epidemiology of stroke is shifting from industrialized to low- and middle-income nations.

Fournier's gangrene in an eight-day-old male neonate, a case report.

Introduction And Importance: Fournier's gangrene is necrotizing fasciitis of the scrotum and perineal area. It is a polymicrobial infection of perianal origin characterized by rapid necrotizing spread along fascial planes to abdominal wall and flank area. The very rare nature of this illness in neonates makes it important to take a lesson in subsequent management of similar cases.

Magnitude, Trends, and Determinants of Iodized Salt Availability among Households in Ethiopia: Analysis of Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys (2000-2016).

Background: Iodine deficiency causes various health problems such as mental defects, goiter, reproductive damage, hypo and hyperthyroidism, stillbirth, abortion, congenital abnormalities, cretinism, mental retardation, muscle anomalies, and reduced work output. Although the adverse effects on health and socio-economic development are well known, they persisted as a public health problem worldwide. Salt iodization is recommended as a simple cost-effective method to prevent iodine deficiency disorders.

The effect of vitamin C supplementation on lipid profile of type 2 diabetic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.

Background And Aims: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials evaluating the role of vitamin C supplementation on lipid profiles among diabetic patients to summarize the available findings.

Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library databases was performed. Clinical trials conducted on adult type 2 diabetic patients evaluating the effect of vitamin C supplementation and reported lipid profiles (cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL)) were included.

Prenatal vitamin D supplementation and child respiratory health: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Systematic review and meta-analyses of observational studies on maternal vitamin D status and risk of respiratory allergic conditions indicated that mothers who had supplementation during pregnancy could decrease the risk of recurrent wheeze or asthma in their offspring.

Objectives: We conducted this meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials with the primary intention of detecting the effect of prenatal vitamin D supplementation on the offspring's asthma. Secondary outcomes under respiratory health include eczema, lower respiratory tract infections, Immunoglobulin E positive test, upper respiratory tract infections, and allergic rhinitis.

Nutritional paradox in Ethiopian women: Multilevel multinomial analysis.

Background: Nutrition-related diseases have emerged at a faster rate in lower economic conditions before the battle against poverty and undernutrition has been won. In Ethiopia, the double burden of malnutrition seems to come sooner. The present study aims to determine the prevalence and identify the determinants of malnutrition among reproductive-age women using the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey dataset.

Anemia and Its Associated Factors Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Attending Debre Berhan Referral Hospital, North-East Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: Anemia is one of the common complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), which has an adverse effect on the progression and development of other diabetes-related complications. In spite of this, relatively little information is available on the prevalence of anemia and associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Ethiopia, particularly in the study area. Thus, this study assessed the prevalence of anemia and associated factors among T2DM patients at Debre Berhan Referral Hospital (DBRH), North-East, Ethiopia.

Individual and community level associates of contraceptive use in Ethiopia: a multilevel mixed effects analysis.

Background: Family planning is one of the four pillars of safe motherhood initiative to reduce maternal death in developing countries. Despite progress in contraceptive use, unmet needs are wide open and fertility remains high. Ethiopia have a higher fertility rate which contributes to maternal and child health destitution, putting pressure on the already weak health system.