Photobiomodulation therapy using a class 3b laser does not cause premature rupture of multivesicular liposomal bupivacaine suspensions in a cadaver model.

Objective: To determine if photobiomodulation causes a premature release of liposomal bupivacaine (LB) suspensions.

Animals: A 25-kg mixed breed dog cadaver euthanized for reasons unrelated to this study.

Methods: In September 2022, a proximomedial tibial incision was made in a dog cadaver, and a tibial plateau leveling osteotomy plate was implanted.

The Drosophila drop-dead gene is required for eggshell integrity.

The eggshell of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is a useful model for understanding the synthesis of a complex extracellular matrix. The eggshell is synthesized during mid-to-late oogenesis by the somatic follicle cells that surround the developing oocyte. We previously reported that female flies mutant for the gene drop-dead (drd) are sterile, but the underlying cause of the sterility remained unknown.

The Drosophila drop-dead gene is required for eggshell integrity.

The eggshell of the fruit fly is a useful model for understanding the synthesis of a complex extracellular matrix. The eggshell is synthesized during mid-to-late oogenesis by the somatic follicle cells that surround the developing oocyte. We previously reported that female flies mutant for the gene ( ) are sterile, but the underlying cause of the sterility remained unknown.