Electronic nose versus quadrupole mass spectrometry for identifying viral hepatitis C patients.

Hepatitis C is a leading cause of liver disease and transplantation and is a significant burden on public health worldwide. This study aimed to apply the Electronic Nose (E-Nose) and quadrupole Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS) technologies for screening blood samples from hepatitis C patients and healthy controls. We analysed volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the headspace over blood samples to identify those VOCs characteristic for diagnosing hepatitis C patients.

Electronic noses for monitoring benzene occupational exposure in biological samples of Egyptian workers.

Objectives: Benzene is commonly emitted in several industries, leading to widespread environmental and occupational exposure hazards. While less toxic solvents have been substituted for benzene, it is still a component of petroleum products and is a trace impurity in industrial products resulting in continued higher occupational exposures in industrial settings in developing countries.

Materials And Methods: We investigated the potential use of an electronic nose (e-nose) to monitor the headspace volatiles in biological samples from benzene-exposed Egyptian workers and non-exposed controls.

Modeling combined transport of water and charged graded-size molecules across the glomerular capillary wall.

Clearance studies using various probe molecules established that the passage of molecules/proteins across the glomerular capillary wall of mammalian kidneys is increasingly restricted as their size and net negative charge increase. An extended mathematical model, based on the Fiber Matrix theory, was developed to describe the dynamics of the size- and charge-selective functions of the glomerular capillary barrier using mainly its hemodynamic, morphometric, and electrostatic variables. The glomerular basement membrane was represented as a homogeneous three-dimensional network of fibers of uniform length (L(f)), radius (R(f)), and packing density (N(fv)) and characteristic Darcy permeability.