Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance of Complicated Intraabdominal Infection Pathogens in Two Tertiary Hospitals in Egypt.

Management of complicated intraabdominal infections (cIAIs) requires containment of the source and appropriate initial antimicrobial therapy. Identifying the local data is important to guide the empirical selection of antimicrobial therapy. In this study, we aimed to describe the pathogen distribution and antimicrobial resistance of cIAI.

Incidence and risk factors for catheter-associated urinary tract infection in 623 intensive care units throughout 37 Asian, African, Eastern European, Latin American, and Middle Eastern nations: A multinational prospective research of INICC.

Objective: To identify urinary catheter (UC)-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) incidence and risk factors.

Design: A prospective cohort study.

Setting: The study was conducted across 623 ICUs of 224 hospitals in 114 cities in 37 African, Asian, Eastern European, Latin American, and Middle Eastern countries.

Mutation-based fluoroquinolone resistance in carbapenem-resistant and isolates causing catheter-related bloodstream infections.

Objective: We studied the presence of mutations in the chromosomal quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of the fluoroquinolone targets and genes and detected the carbapenem resistance (CR) encoding genes among and isolates from catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs).

Methods: The study included 39 non-duplicate isolates of (14/39, 35.9%) and (25/39, 64.

Multinational prospective study of incidence and risk factors for central-line-associated bloodstream infections in 728 intensive care units of 41 Asian, African, Eastern European, Latin American, and Middle Eastern countries over 24 years.

Objective: To identify central-line (CL)-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) incidence and risk factors in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Design: From July 1, 1998, to February 12, 2022, we conducted a multinational multicenter prospective cohort study using online standardized surveillance system and unified forms.

Setting: The study included 728 ICUs of 286 hospitals in 147 cities in 41 African, Asian, Eastern European, Latin American, and Middle Eastern countries.

Multinational prospective cohort study of rates and risk factors for ventilator-associated pneumonia over 24 years in 42 countries of Asia, Africa, Eastern Europe, Latin America, and the Middle East: Findings of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC).

Objective: Rates of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) are several times above those of high-income countries. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors (RFs) for VAP cases in ICUs of LMICs.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Risk factors for mortality in ICU patients in 10 middle eastern countries: The role of healthcare-associated infections.

Purpose: The International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) found a high mortality rate in ICUs of the Middle East (ME). Our goal was to identify mortality risk factor (RF) in ICUs of the ME.

Materials: From 08/01/2003 to 02/12/2022, we conducted a prospective cohort study in 236 ICUs of 77 hospitals in 44 cities in 10 countries of ME.

The impact of healthcare-associated infections on mortality in ICU: A prospective study in Asia, Africa, Eastern Europe, Latin America, and the Middle East.

Background: The International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium has found a high ICU mortality rate. Our aim was to identify all-cause mortality risk factors in ICU-patients.

Methods: Multinational, multicenter, prospective cohort study at 786 ICUs of 312 hospitals in 147 cities in 37 Latin American, Asian, African, Middle Eastern, and European countries.

Development of an Immunochromatographic Strip Using Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles for the Rapid Detection of Causing Neonatal Sepsis.

Neonatal sepsis is a leading cause of death among newborns and infants, especially in the developing world. The problem is compounded by the delays in pinpointing the causative agent of the infection. This is reflected in increasing mortality associated with these cases and the spread of multi-drug-resistant bacteria.

International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) report, data summary of 45 countries for 2013-2018, Adult and Pediatric Units, Device-associated Module.

Background: We report the results of INICC surveillance study from 2013 to 2018, in 664 intensive care units (ICUs) in 133 cities, of 45 countries, from Latin-America, Europe, Africa, Eastern-Mediterranean, Southeast-Asia, and Western-Pacific.

Methods: Prospective data from patients hospitalized in ICUs were collected through INICC Surveillance Online System. CDC-NHSN definitions for device-associated healthcare-associated infection (DA-HAI) were applied.

Reliability of phenotypic methods for detection of colistin resistance among carbapenem-resistant clinical isolates from Egypt.

Introduction: is a challenging pathogen responsible for serious nosocomial infections. Colistin resistance in carbapenem-resistant strains is a critical health problem as it limits the available therapeutic options. The current work aimed to study the reliability of several phenotypic methods for the detection of colistin resistance among carbapenem-resistant isolates in Egypt.

Molecular Characterization of Carbapenem/Colistin-Resistant Clinical Isolates from Egypt by Whole-Genome Sequencing.

Purpose: The rise of carbapenem-resistant (CRAB) is considered a public health problem limiting the treatment options. Our current work studied the emergence and mechanisms of colistin-resistance among CRAB isolates in Egypt.

Materials And Methods: Seventeen clinically recovered were identified and screened for their antimicrobial susceptibilities using VITEK-2 system.

Phenotypic and Genotypic Features of Harboring Carbapenemases in Egypt: OXA-48-Like Carbapenemases as an Investigated Model.

This study aimed at the characterization of carbapenem-resistant isolates focusing on typing of the genes. Additionally, the correlation between the resistance pattern and biofilm formation capacity of the carbapenem-resistant isolates was studied. The collected isolates were assessed for their antimicrobial resistance and carbapenemases production by a modified Hodge test and inhibitor-based tests.

A Novel Surface-Exposed Polypeptide Is Successfully Employed as a Target for Developing a Prototype One-Step Immunochromatographic Strip for Specific and Sensitive Direct Detection of Causing Neonatal Sepsis.

Neonatal sepsis is a life-threatening condition and is one of its major causes. However, to date, no rapid and sensitive diagnostic tool has been developed for its direct detection. Bioinformatics analyses identified a surface-exposed 112-amino acid polypeptide of the cell wall protein NWMN_1649, a surface protein involved in cell aggregation and biofilm formation, as being a species-specific and highly conserved moiety.

Genomic Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant (MRSA) by High-Throughput Sequencing in a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) strains are associated with serious complications and poor clinical outcome. In Egypt, they contribute to more than 70% of healthcare-associated infections. This study combined whole-genome sequencing, bioinformatics, and statistical analyses to identify the phylogeny, resistome, virulome and potential genotype-phenotype-clinical correlation among 18 clinical isolates of MRSA in a tertiary hospital in Cairo, Egypt.

Characterization and mutational analysis of haemagglutinin and neuraminidase of H3N2 and H1N1pdm09 human influenza A viruses in Egypt.

Seasonal influenza viruses constitute a major global concern. Currently, H3N2 and H1N1pdm09 are the commonly circulating influenza A viruses. The haemagglutin and neuraminidase genes of influenza A(H3N2) and A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses from Egyptian paediatric patients with respiratory distress were sequenced.

Gender differences in clinical features and complications of infective endocarditis: 11-year experience of a single institute in Egypt.

Background: No data exists about the gender differences among patients with infective endocarditis (IE) in Egypt. The objective was to study possible gender differences in clinical profiles and outcomes of patients in the IE registry of a tertiary care center over 11 years.

Results: The IE registry included 398 patients with a median age of 30 years (interquartile range, 15 years); 61.

Molecular characterization of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens in three tertiary hospitals in Cairo, Egypt.

High rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among Gram-negative pathogens (GNP) have been reported in Egypt. Antimicrobial surveillance and identifying the genetic basis of AMR provide important information to optimize patient care. In this study, we aimed to identify the beta-lactam resistance phenotypes and genotypes of multidrug-resistant (MDR) non-repetitive GNP from 3 tertiary hospitals in Egypt.

Clinical features and outcomes of infective endocarditis in Egypt: an 11-year experience at a tertiary care facility.

Background: Few data are available on the characteristics of infective endocarditis (IE) cases in Egypt. The aim of this work is to describe the characteristics and outcomes of IE patients and evaluate the temporal changes in IE diagnostic and therapeutic aspects over 11 years.

Results: The IE registry included 398 patients referred to the Endocarditis Unit of a tertiary care facility with the diagnosis of possible or definite IE.

The use of multiplex PCR for the detection of atypical pathogens in Egyptian children with CAP: a high rate of in early infancy.

Background: Atypical pathogen infections played an important role in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children. Pathogen-specific clinical symptoms are often lacking, and it is difficult to detect atypical pathogens by culture methods. The use of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods enables testing for many pathogens simultaneously in a single analysis.

Prematurity, a significant predictor for worse outcome in viral bronchiolitis: a comparative study in infancy.

Background: The rate of admissions to hospital with bronchiolitis has increased over the past years. The reasons for this are likely to be multifactorial including improved survival of preterm infants.

Aim: To assess the severity of viral bronchiolitis in preterm compared to term infants admitted at a tertiary hospital in Cairo, Egypt, based on the outcome.

High Prevalence of VIM, KPC, and NDM Expression among Surgical Site Infection Pathogens in Patients Having Emergency Surgery.

Background: The rate of surgical site infection (SSI) in patients who undergo emergency operations is higher than in other patients. Previous studies showed an increasing role of gram- negative pathogens (GNP) in SSI. We aimed to identify GNP causing SSIs after emergency surgery, to characterize the carbapenemase-resistance genes in carbapenem-resistant pathogens (CRPs), and to identify the risk factors for SSI caused by CRP.

Sequence analysis of the G gene of hRSVA ON1 genotype from Egyptian children with acute respiratory tract infections.

Human respiratory syncytial virus causes severe lower respiratory tract infection in neonates and children. Genotype ON1, with duplication of 72-nt in the G gene, was first detected in Canada and then recorded in other countries. In the current study, we describe the first detection of the ON1 genotype among children in Egypt in 2014/2015.

International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium report, data summary of 50 countries for 2010-2015: Device-associated module.

Background: We report the results of International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) surveillance study from January 2010-December 2015 in 703 intensive care units (ICUs) in Latin America, Europe, Eastern Mediterranean, Southeast Asia, and Western Pacific.

Methods: During the 6-year study period, using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Healthcare Safety Network (CDC-NHSN) definitions for device-associated health care-associated infection (DA-HAI), we collected prospective data from 861,284 patients hospitalized in INICC hospital ICUs for an aggregate of 3,506,562 days.

Results: Although device use in INICC ICUs was similar to that reported from CDC-NHSN ICUs, DA-HAI rates were higher in the INICC ICUs: in the INICC medical-surgical ICUs, the pooled rate of central line-associated bloodstream infection, 4.

A novel primer set for improved direct gene sequencing of human bocavirus genotype-1 from clinical samples.

Human bocavirus genotype (HBoV-1) is a parvovirus associated with respiratory tract infections in children with different degrees of severity. The current study intended to improve the direct gene sequencing of the HBoV-1 using a newly developed primer set. Screening the presence of human bocavirus infection among in-patients children suffering from lower respiratory tract infections was another aim of the current study.

Risk factors of prolonged hospital stay in children with viral severe acute respiratory infections.

Introduction: Severe acute lower respiratory infections (SARIs) are one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in young children, especially in developing countries. The present study focused on detection of risk factors for prolonged hospital stays among children with viral SARIs.

Methodology: A sentinel surveillance study was conducted at Cairo University Hospital (CUH) between February 2010 and May 2011.