Association of Age, Frailty, and Strategy for Initiation of Renal-Replacement Therapy: A Post Hoc analysis of the STARRT-Acute Kidney Injury Trial.

Introduction: This study was designed to assess the association of age and frailty with clinical outcomes in patients with severe acute kidney injury (AKI), according to accelerated and standard renal-replacement therapy (RRT) initiation strategies in the STARRT-AKI trial.

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of an international randomized trial. Older age was defined as ≥65 years.

Digital Physical Activity and Exercise Interventions for People Living with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review of Health Outcomes and Feasibility.

Physical activity is essential to interrupt the cycle of deconditioning associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, access to targeted physical activity interventions remain under-supported due to limited funding and specialised staff. Digital interventions may address some of these factors.

Regional Practice Variation and Outcomes in the Standard Versus Accelerated Initiation of Renal Replacement Therapy in Acute Kidney Injury (STARRT-AKI) Trial: A Post Hoc Secondary Analysis.

Objectives: Among patients with severe acute kidney injury (AKI) admitted to the ICU in high-income countries, regional practice variations for fluid balance (FB) management, timing, and choice of renal replacement therapy (RRT) modality may be significant.

Design: Secondary post hoc analysis of the STandard vs. Accelerated initiation of Renal Replacement Therapy in Acute Kidney Injury (STARRT-AKI) trial (ClinicalTrials.

Mesenchymal stem cells alleviate dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy in mice and the involvement of ERK1/2 signalling pathway.

Background: High dosage of dexamethasone (Dex) is an effective treatment for multiple diseases; however, it is often associated with severe side effects including muscle atrophy, resulting in higher risk of falls and poorer life quality of patients. Cell therapy with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) holds promise for regenerative medicine. In this study, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of systemic administration of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) in mitigating the loss of muscle mass and strength in mouse model of DEX-induced muscle atrophy.

Effect of kidney disease on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients undergoing coronary angiography.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurred in 12.8% of patients undergoing surgery and is associated with increased mortality. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a well-known risk for death and cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Characterization of Risk Prediction Models for Acute Kidney Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: Despite the expansion of published prediction models for acute kidney injury (AKI), there is little evidence of uptake of these models beyond their local derivation nor data on their association with patient outcomes.

Objective: To systematically review published AKI prediction models across all clinical subsettings.

Data Sources: MEDLINE via PubMed (January 1946 to April 2021) and Embase (January 1947 to April 2021) were searched using medical subject headings and text words related to AKI and prediction models.

Association of malnutrition with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with mild to severe chronic kidney disease undergoing coronary angiography: a large multicenter longitudinal study.

Purpose: Evidence on the prognostic impact of malnutrition was focused on patients with advanced kidney disease. The relationships between malnutrition and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with different severity of chronic kidney disease (CKD) have not been adequately addressed. We aimed to reveal the prevalence of malnutrition and its prognostic value in patients with different severity of CKD undergoing coronary angiography (CAG).

Renal Insufficiency Increases the Combined Risk of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Dysfunction in Patients at High Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases.

Background: The identification of asymptomatic structural and functional cardiac abnormalities can help us to recognize early and intervene in patients at pre-heart failure (HF). However, few studies have adequately evaluated the associations of renal function and left ventricular (LV) structure and function in patients at high risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD).

Methods: Patients undergoing coronary angiography and/or percutaneous coronary interventions were enrolled from the Cardiorenal ImprovemeNt II (CIN-II) cohort study, and their echocardiography and renal function were assessed at admission.

Podocyte Infolding Glomerulopathy: A Case Series Report and Literature Review.

Background: Podocyte infolding glomerulopathy (PIG) is a peculiar and very rare manifestation in renal pathology. Its underlying pathogenesis mechanism and clinical characteristics remain unclear due to sparse reports.

Objective: To further elucidate the clinical profile of PIG by carefully reporting our four cases and a comprehensive review of cases in the literature.

Thrombomodulin activation driven by LXR agonist attenuates renal injury in diabetic nephropathy.

Objective: Inflammation and thrombosis are recognized as interrelated biological processes. Both thrombomodulin (TM) and factor XIII-A (FXIII-A) are involved in inflammation and coagulation process. However, their role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN) remains unclear.

Prediction Models of Primary Membranous Nephropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Several statistical models for predicting prognosis of primary membranous nephropathy (PMN) have been proposed, most of which have not been as widely accepted in clinical practice.

Methods: A systematic search was performed in MEDLINE and EMBASE. English studies that developed any prediction models including two or more than two predictive variables were eligible for inclusion.

Prognostic Significance of Baseline Blood Glucose Levels and Glucose Variability in Severe Acute Kidney Injury: A Secondary Analysis from the RENAL Study.

Aim: To study the associations between baseline blood glucose levels (BGL), glycemic variability and clinical outcomes in patients with severe acute kidney injury (AKI) receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of the Randomized Evaluation of Normal versus Augmented Level of RRT (RENAL) study. A multivariate Cox regression model was used to assess the association between baseline BGL, glycemic variability and clinical outcomes.

Artificial intelligence for the prediction of acute kidney injury during the perioperative period: systematic review and Meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is independently associated with morbidity and mortality in a wide range of surgical settings. Nowadays, with the increasing use of electronic health records (EHR), advances in patient information retrieval, and cost reduction in clinical informatics, artificial intelligence is increasingly being used to improve early recognition and management for perioperative AKI. However, there is no quantitative synthesis of the performance of these methods.

Folate regulates RNA mC modification and translation in neural stem cells.

Background: Folate is an essential B-group vitamin and a key methyl donor with important biological functions including DNA methylation regulation. Normal neurodevelopment and physiology are sensitive to the cellular folate levels. Either deficiency or excess of folate may lead to neurological disorders.

Impact of renal-replacement therapy strategies on outcomes for patients with chronic kidney disease: a secondary analysis of the STARRT-AKI trial.

Purpose: To assess whether pre-existing chronic kidney disease (CKD) modified the relationship between the strategy for renal-replacement theraphy (RRT) initiation and clinical outcomes in the STARRT-AKI trial.

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of a multi-national randomized trial. We included patients who had documented pre-existing estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) data prior to hospitalization, and we defined CKD as an eGFR ≤ 59 mL/min/1.

Management of Renal Angiomyolipomas in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex: A Case Report and Literature Review.

We report a case of misdiagnosed tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) in a patient without TSC gene variant presenting with bilateral renal angiomyolipomas and seizures in the context of strong family history of polycystic kidney disease. Clinical diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis complex was made and treatment with everolimus reduced size of renal angiomyolipomas. In this case, report we discuss the association between tuberous sclerosis complex and polycystic kidney disease and novel treatment for TSC.

Outpatient Compared With Inpatient Preinduction Cervical Ripening Using a Synthetic Osmotic Dilator: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective: To assess whether outpatient cervical ripening with a synthetic osmotic dilator shortens the length of hospital stay in term pregnancies undergoing labor induction.

Methods: Pregnant participants scheduled for labor induction at term with unfavorable cervix (less than 3-cm dilated and less than 60% effaced) and not requiring inpatient maternal or fetal monitoring were consented, and synthetic osmotic dilator rods were inserted on the day of scheduled induction. After reassuring fetal heart tracing, patients randomized to the outpatient group were asked to return 12 hours after insertion or sooner if needed.

Renal outcomes according to renal replacement therapy modality and treatment protocol in the ATN and RENAL trials.

Background: In critically ill patients with acute kidney injury, renal replacement therapy (RRT) modality and treatment protocols may affect kidney recovery. This study explored whether RRT modality and treatment protocol affected RRT dependence in the 'Randomized Evaluation of Normal versus Augmented Level of RRT' and the 'Acute Renal Failure Trial Network' (ATN) trials.

Methods: Primary outcome was 28-day RRT dependence.

Hemorrhagic Stroke in Pregnancy.

Hemorrhagic stroke carries a high risk of disability and mortality. The obstetrical population is at increased risk. Prompt diagnosis and maternal stabilization with a multidisciplinary approach are the mainstays in management.