Dietary Intakes of Copper and Selenium in Association with Bone Mineral Density.

The important trace elements, copper and selenium, have diverse effects on human health. As well as other important roles in living tissues, these trace elements are toxic at high levels but are key constituents of various enzymes and proteins essential for maintaining physiological health. However, links between dietary intakes of these elements, particularly copper, and bone mineral density (BMD) in humans remain uncertain.

A systematic review of personality and musculoskeletal disorders: evidence from general population studies.

Introduction: We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the quality and extent of evidence on associations between personality disorders (PDs) and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in population-based studies, since these disorders are leading causes of disease burden worldwide.

Methods: A search strategy of published, peer-reviewed and gray literature was developed in consultation with a liaison librarian and implemented for Embase, CINAHL Complete, Medline Complete, and PsycINFO via the EBSCOhost platform from 1990 to the present and CORDIS and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global, respectively. The inclusion criteria were as follows: I) general population participants aged ≥15 years; II) self-report, probable PD based on positive screen, or threshold PD according to the DSM-IV/5 (groupings: any, Clusters A/B/C, specific PD) or ICD-10/11; III) MSDs identified by self-report or ICD criteria (arthritis, back/neck conditions, fibromyalgia, osteopenia/osteoporosis) and III) cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional study designs.

The neglected association between schizophrenia and bone fragility: a systematic review and meta-analyses.

Schizophrenia is associated with increased risk of medical comorbidity, possibly including osteoporosis, which is a public health concern due to its significant social and health consequences. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to determine whether schizophrenia is associated with bone fragility. The protocol for this review has been registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020171959).

Long-Term Implications of Socioeconomic Status on Major Adverse Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular Events (MACCE), and All-Cause Mortality.

Background: Socio-economic status (SES) has a large impact on health through a complex interplay of upstream, midstream and downstream factors. However, little is known about the predictive role of SES on long-term major adverse cardiovascular, cerebrovascular events, and mortality (MACCE).

Aim: To determine the long-term relationship between SES and MACCE for men and women.

Predictors of Functional Impairment in Bipolar Disorder: Results From 13 Cohorts From Seven Countries by the Global Bipolar Cohort Collaborative.

Objectives: Persistent functional impairment is common in bipolar disorder (BD) and is influenced by a number of demographic, clinical, and cognitive features. The goal of this project was to estimate and compare the influence of key factors on community function in multiple cohorts of well-characterized samples of individuals with BD.

Methods: Thirteen cohorts from 7 countries included = 5882 individuals with BD across multiple sites.

Psychiatric symptoms, associated pharmacological treatments and cognitive function: A population-based study of men.

Background: Psychiatric symptomatology and medications used in their treatment may be modifiable risk factors associated with cognitive function, although findings from population-based studies spanning the full adult age range are lacking. This study aimed to investigate associations between psychiatric symptomatology, psychotropic medication use and cognitive function in a population-based sample of men.

Methods: Data for 537 men were drawn from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study.

Lithium use and bone health in women with bipolar disorder: A cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Several psychiatric disorders and medications used to treat them appear to be independently associated with skeletal deficits. As there is increasing evidence that lithium possesses skeletal protective properties, we aimed to investigate the association between lithium use and bone health in a group of women with bipolar disorder.

Method: Women with bipolar disorder (n = 117, 20+ years) were recruited from south-eastern Australia.

Quality of life in south-eastern Australia: normative values for the WHOQOL-BREF in a population-based sample of adults.

Objectives: The abbreviated World Health Organisation Quality of Life tool (WHOQOL-BREF) is a short-form quality of life (QoL) assessment commonly used worldwide in both healthy and ill populations. Normative data for the Australian general population are limited. The objective of this study was to present normative data for the WHOQOL-BREF based on a general population sample.

Antipsychotic medication use and fracture: a case-control study.

It has been reported that antipsychotic use is associated with lower bone mineral density and bone quality. We aimed to determine whether antipsychotic use is associated with fracture risk in a population-based sample of adults living in the Barwon Statistical Division, south-eastern Australia. In this case-control study, 1458 participants (51.

Antipsychotic medication use in association with quantitative heel ultrasound (QUS).

Purpose: Antipsychotic medication use has been associated with decreased bone mineral density; however, less is known whether antipsychotics affect other parameters of bone health. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between antipsychotic medication use and quantitative heel ultrasound (QUS) in a population based sample of men and women.

Methods: Thirty-one antipsychotic users and 155 non-users matched for age and sex were drawn from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study.

Anxiety disorders are associated with reduced bone mineral density in men: Findings from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study.

Objective: Certain psychiatric disorders, including depression, appear to impact adversely on bone health. Anxiety disorders are highly prevalent but few studies have examined their effects on bone tissue. This study investigated the effect of anxiety disorders on bone mineral density (BMD).

Use of antipsychotic medication and its relationship with bone mineral density: A population-based study of men and women.

Background: Schizophrenia has been shown to be associated with reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and higher fracture risk. However, less is known whether antipsychotic treatment is associated with reduced BMD. Thus, we aimed to examine associations between antipsychotic use and BMD among men and women drawn from the general population.

Metformin is Protective Against the Development of Mood Disorders.

Introduction: Mood disorders are a major cause of disability, and current treatment options are inadequate for reducing the burden on a global scale. The aim of this project was to identify drugs suitable for repurposing to treat mood disorders.

Methods: This mixed-method study utilized gene expression signature technology and pharmacoepidemiology to investigate drugs that may be suitable for repurposing to treat mood disorders.

Falls in community-dwelling women with bipolar disorder: a case-control study.

Background: Falls are a common occurrence in psychiatric hospital settings, however population-based research among individuals with psychiatric disorders, in particular bipolar disorder (BD) is scant. Thus, we aimed to investigate falls risk in community-dwelling women diagnosed with BD.

Methods: Women with BD (cases, n = 119) were recruited from health care settings located in southeast Victoria, Australia.

The Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review.

Background: Alzheimer's disease is a global health concern, and with no present cure, prevention is critical. Exposure to adverse childhood experiences may increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. This systematic review was conducted to synthesize the evidence on the associations between adverse childhood experiences (<18 years) and the risk of Alzheimer's disease in adulthood.

Bipolar disorder and bone health: A case-control study.

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with significant psychological and physical comorbidity. Yet little is known about the bone health of individuals with BD. Thus, we aimed to investigate the association between BD and bone health in a population-based sample of women.

Predictors of functional impairment in bipolar disorder: Results from 13 cohorts from seven countries by the global bipolar cohort collaborative.

Objectives: Persistent functional impairment is common in bipolar disorder (BD) and is influenced by a number of demographic, clinical, and cognitive features. The goal of this project was to estimate and compare the influence of key factors on community function in multiple cohorts of well-characterized samples of individuals with BD.

Methods: Thirteen cohorts from 7 countries included n = 5882 individuals with BD across multiple sites.

The Added Burden of Personality Disorder on Subsidized Australian Health Service Utilization Among Women With Mental State Disorder.

This study aimed to investigate health service utilization among women with mental state disorder only (MSD-PD), mental state disorder plus personality disorder (MSD+PD), and controls in a population-based sample. Women ( = 635) from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study completed mental health assessments and were categorized into groups (MSD-PD, MSD+PD, controls). General practitioner (mental and non-mental health encounters) and specialized mental health service utilization was ascertained from data linkage to the Medicare Benefits Schedule, Australia (01/09/2008-31/12/2012).

Anticonvulsant use and fracture: a case-control study.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate fracture risk associated with anticonvulsant use in a population-based sample of men and women.

Methods: Data from 1,458 participants (51.8% women) with a radiologically confirmed incident fracture (cases) were compared to 1,796 participants (46.

Relationship between adverse childhood experiences and Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease has a high prevalence and a substantial impact on society, as well as the individual. Findings from clinical studies to date, suggest that multiple factors are likely to contribute to the variability seen in the progression of Alzheimer's disease. However, despite this accumulating evidence, current identified factors do not explain the full extent of disease onset.

Recovery of quality of life is associated with lower mortality 5-year post-fracture: the Australian arm of the International Costs and Utilities Related to Osteoporotic Fractures Study (AusICUROS).

Unlabelled: Little is known about factors that lead to excess mortality post-fracture. This study demonstrated that 5-year mortality is lower in older adults who recovered to their pre-fracture health-related quality of life (HRQoL) at 12-months compared to those who did not recover. Our results highlight the importance of post-fracture interventions known to improve HRQoL.

Anticonvulsant use and bone health in a population-based study of men and women: cross-sectional data from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study.

Background: Anticonvulsant use has been linked to bone deficits in specific patient populations. We studied the association between anticonvulsant use and bone health in a population-based sample of men and women.

Methods: Data from 926 men (24-73 yr) and 1070 women (21-94 yr) participating in the Geelong Osteoporosis Study were included.

Dynapenia and Low Cognition: A Cross-Sectional Association in Postmenopausal Women.

Dynapenia is a key contributor to physical frailty. Cognitive impairment and dementia accompany frailty, yet links between skeletal muscle and neurocognition are poorly understood. We examined the cross-sectional relationship between lower limb muscle strength and global cognitive function.

Personality Disorder and Physical Health Comorbidities: A Link With Bone Health?

We examined whether personality disorders (PDs) (any, cluster A/B/C) were associated with bone mineral density (BMD) in a population-based sample of Australian women ( = 696). Personality and mood disorders were assessed using semi-structured diagnostic interviews. BMD was measured at the spine, hip, and total body using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (GE-Lunar Prodigy).