Tumefactive multiple sclerosis versus high grade glioma: A diagnostic dilemma.

Background: Tumefactive demyelinating lesions (TDL) share similar clinical features and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics with high grade glioma (HGG). This study develops an approach to navigating this diagnostic dilemma, with significant treatment implications as the management of both entities is drastically different.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 41 TDLs and 91 HGG with respect to demographics, presentation and classical MRI characteristics was performed.

Modified C1 lateral mass screw insertion using a threaded K-wire. A technical note.

Instrumented fixation of the C1-C2 motion segment is a standard surgical technique to stabilise that spinal segment. Instability at C1-C2 can arise from a number of conditions. Fixation of the C1 lateral mass usually involves dissection and exposure of the C2 nerve root and the posterior wall of the C2 lateral mass which can result in significant bleeding from the venous plexus.

Infant with recurrent ventriculoperitoneal shunt migration to right scrotum.

Migration of the distal catheter of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt to the scrotum is a documented but rare event. We present a case in which a 13 month old infant with hydrocephalus had recurrent migration of the peritoneal catheter to the right scrotum associated with a developing hydrocele. The patient underwent two revision operations and the distal catheter was ultimately shortened.