Design of a Novel Online, Modular, Flipped-classroom Surgical Curriculum for East, Central, and Southern Africa.

Objective: We describe a structured approach to developing a standardized curriculum for surgical trainees in East, Central, and Southern Africa (ECSA).

Summary Background Data: Surgical education is essential to closing the surgical access gap in ECSA. Given its importance for surgical education, the development of a standardized curriculum was deemed necessary.

Intercondylar synovial septum in two patients with nail-patella syndrome.

This case report describes the arthroscopic findings in two patients with nail-patella syndrome (NPS). In both cases, a midline synovial septum was encountered that completely subdivided the knee into medial and lateral compartments. One patient required two subsequent arthroscopic procedures, and the synovial septum was found to have recurred even after it had been resected at the initial surgery.

Twenty years of work-related injury and illness among union carpenters in Washington State.

Background: Individuals who work in the construction industry are at high risk of occupational injury. Robust surveillance systems are needed to monitor the experiences of these workers over time.

Methods: We updated important surveillance data for a unique occupational cohort of union construction workers to provide information on long-term trends in their reported work-related injuries and conditions.

Specificity for human hemoglobin enhances Staphylococcus aureus infection.

Iron is required for bacterial proliferation, and Staphylococcus aureus steals this metal from host hemoglobin during invasive infections. This process involves hemoglobin binding to the cell wall of S. aureus, heme extraction, passage through the cell envelope, and degradation to release free iron.

Stride right.

Researchers set out to determine which of two methods for preventing heel pressure ulcers yields more effective results.