Outdoor mental healthcare: What, who, why and where to?

Outdoor mental healthcare can increase the breadth of multidisciplinary interventions available to people with a therapeutic need. The aim of this article is to educate readers about the field of outdoor mental healthcare through the exploration of a series of basic questions. Outdoor mental healthcare spans a range of therapies that apply a variety of theoretical approaches and treatments across a multiplicity of settings, patient groups and desired outcomes unified by key evidence-informed practice elements.

Health-Related Quality of Life Scores and Values as Predictors of Mortality: A Scoping Review.

Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) can be assessed through measures that can be generic or disease specific, encompass several independent scales, or employ holistic assessment (i.e., the derivation of composite scores).

: Out-of-pocket payments: impacts on healthcare decision-making and system and individual level measures to minimise the burden.

Out-of-pocket healthcare payments are a concern for all, particularly those least able to afford them, a situation only being exacerbated by the current cost-of-living crisis. This article aims to provide an overview of out-of-pocket payments and their impacts on decision-making: whether, or not to delay care or seek care at all. The impact of average out-of-pocket payments on demand for mental healthcare services is provided as a specific example.

Out-of-pocket payments: impacts on healthcare decision-making and system and individual level measures to minimise the burden.

Out-of-pocket healthcare payments are a concern for all, particularly those least able to afford them, a situation only being exacerbated by the current cost-of-living crisis. This article aims to provide an overview of out-of-pocket payments and their impacts on decision-making: whether, or not to delay care or seek care at all. The impact of average out-of-pocket payments on demand for mental healthcare services is provided as a specific example.

The underexplored presence of seasonal affective disorder in the southern hemisphere: A narrative review of the Australian literature.

Background: Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is well documented in the medical literature, particularly in more northern latitudes in agreement with proposed hypotheses for SAD's pathophysiology. However, in the southern latitudes SAD's presence remains underexplored. The second largest country in the southern hemisphere is Australia.

The cost-effectiveness of coronary calcium score-guided statin therapy initiation for Australians with family histories of premature coronary artery disease.

Objectives: To compare the cost-effectiveness of coronary artery calcium (CAC) score-guided statin therapy criteria and American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guidelines (10-year pooled cohort equation [PCE] risk ≥ 7.5%) with selection according to Australian guidelines (5-year absolute cardiovascular disease risk [ACVDR] ≥ 10%), for people with family histories of premature coronary artery disease.

Study Design, Setting: Markov microsimulation state transition model based on data from the Coronary Artery calcium score: Use to Guide management of Hereditary Coronary Artery Disease (CAUGHT-CAD) trial and transition probabilities derived from published statin prescribing and adherence outcomes and clinical data.

Effects of a Mindfulness App on Employee Stress in an Australian Public Sector Workforce: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Workplace-based mindfulness programs have good evidence for improving employee stress and mental health outcomes, but less is known about their effects on productivity and citizenship behaviors. Most of the available evidence is derived from studies of mindfulness programs that use class-based approaches. Mindfulness apps can increase access to training, but whether self-directed app use is sufficient to realize benefits equivalent to class-based mindfulness programs is unknown.

Health-related quality of life in people with psychotic disorders: The role of loneliness and its contributors.

Background: Perception of loneliness has been identified as the strongest predictor of health-related quality of life assessed with the Assessment of Quality of Life-4D in people with psychotic disorders. We aimed to establish contributors to perceived loneliness, and ascertain the mediating role of loneliness in the relationship between identified contributors to loneliness and other known predictors of health-related quality of life with health-related quality of life.

Methods: Data for 1642 people collected as part of the 2010 Australian National Survey of Psychosis were analysed.

The Tasmanian Conception to Community (C2C) Study Database 2008-09 to 2013-14: Using linked health administrative data to address each piece in the puzzle.

Background: Tasmania, Australia has a small widely dispersed regional and rural population. The Conception to Community (C2C) Study Database was established as a research platform to inform service planning and policy development and improve health outcomes for Tasmanian mothers and children. The aims of this study were to establish by maternal socio-demographic characteristics: 1) the distribution of births in Tasmania; 2) hospital utilisation for children from birth to 5-years; and 3) the association between child and maternal emergency department (ED) presentation rates.

Proposing a causal pathway for health-related quality of life in people with psychotic disorders.

This study aimed to establish independent predictors for health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in people with psychotic disorders, and the mediating role of global functioning in those relationships. Data for 1642 people collected as part of the second Australian National Survey of Psychosis were analyzed. The Assessment of Quality of Life (AQoL)-4D and the Personal and Social Performance scale were used for assessing HRQoL and global functioning respectively.

Reliability and Validity of a Life Course Passive Smoke Exposure Questionnaire in an Australian Cohort From Childhood to Adulthood.

Objectives: Life course exposure to passive smoke may predict health, but there are few validated measures. We tested the reliability and validity of a retrospective life course passive smoking questionnaire.

Methods: Participants from the third follow-up of the Childhood Determinants of Adult Health study (2014-2019, ages 36-49 years) retrospectively reported mother/father/other household member smoking when living at home during childhood, including duration (years) and smoking location (never/sometimes/always inside house).

Maternal smoking during pregnancy: Trends and determinants in the conception to community study.

Background: Despite earlier declines, maternal smoking during pregnancy continues to be a public health problem. We examined trends and factors associated with maternal smoking during and between pregnancy over six years.

Methods: Participants were 27 532 pregnant women in Tasmanian public hospitals whose smoking status was gathered by midwives during perinatal care between July 2008 and June 2014.

Maternal Smoking in Pregnancy and Child's Hospital Use up to 5 Years of Age in a Data Linkage Birth Cohort.

Objectives: To examine if exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with emergency department (ED) presentation and admission through the ED in children up to 5 years after birth.

Methods: Antenatal records of all children up to 5 years of age who were born in Tasmania, Australia, between July 2008 and June 2014 were linked to health service use (ED presentations and hospital admissions). Negative binomial regression was used to estimate the incidence rate ratio (IRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) at ≤1 year and ≤5 years for ED presentations and admissions to the hospital through the ED for any reason and by 9 major disease categories for children exposed versus children not exposed to maternal smoking during pregnancy.

The evolution of social health insurance in Vietnam and its role towards achieving universal health coverage.

Our research examines the development of social health insurance (SHI) in Vietnam between 1992 and 2016 and SHI's role as a financial mechanism towards achieving universal health coverage (UHC). We reviewed and analysed legislation from the Government of Vietnam (GoV) and performance data from the GoV and the World Bank. Stages of development were identified from legislative change leading to change in SHI functioning as a public financing mechanism: revenue collection, pooling of risk, and purchasing.

Loneliness and its association with health service utilization in people with a psychotic disorder.

Background: Loneliness is common in people with psychotic disorders and associated with reduced health and well-being. The relationship between loneliness in psychosis and health service use is unclear. This study examined whether loneliness predicts increased health care utilization in this population, independently of sociodemographics, health and functioning.

Before, during and after: Trauma-informed care in burns settings.

Trauma-informed care (TIC) is a model for the relationship of care between service users and service providers that recognises the importance of trauma, past and present, on that person's experiences, vulnerabilities and recovery. Burn injuries are a complex area of healthcare where trauma and the mental health disorders associated with trauma can both precede and proceed a burns injury with complications for recovery. Incorporating a model of TIC in the assessment and treatment of burns patients will proactively work to mitigate and arrest trauma responses, mental disorders and their sequelae in this population.

Trend of emergency department presentations with a mental health diagnosis in Australia by diagnostic group, 2004-05 to 2016-17.

Objective: To examine trends of ED presentations with a mental health (MH) diagnosis in Australia and its jurisdictions by diagnostic group between 2004-05 and 2016-17.

Methods: Data comprised ED presentations with a principal diagnosis of ICD-10-AM F00-F99 (MH ) captured within the National Non-Admitted Patient Emergency Department Care Database. Trends in absolute number and rates of MH presentations per 10 000 population were assessed as differences (x-fold) and annual growth rates (average and compound).