Audiology Clinical Practice Patterns in Acoustic Reflex Testing.

Purpose: Periodic reports of audiology clinical practice patterns, including acoustic reflex threshold (ART) protocols, provide insights into trends and assist in clinical decision making. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine audiologists' ART protocols, factors influencing audiologists' decision to test, and considerations for mentoring Doctor of Audiology (AuD) students in ART testing.

Method: This study used a paper survey distributed by mail to a random sample of audiologists.

Central serotonergic neurons activate and recruit thermogenic brown and beige fat and regulate glucose and lipid homeostasis.

Thermogenic brown and beige adipocytes convert chemical energy to heat by metabolizing glucose and lipids. Serotonin (5-HT) neurons in the CNS are essential for thermoregulation and accordingly may control metabolic activity of thermogenic fat. To test this, we generated mice in which the human diphtheria toxin receptor (DTR) was selectively expressed in central 5-HT neurons.