Activation of G Signaling Enhances Memory Consolidation and Slows Cognitive Decline.

Perhaps the most devastating decline with age is the loss of memory. Therefore, identifying mechanisms to restore memory function with age is critical. Using C.

Genome-wide functional analysis of CREB/long-term memory-dependent transcription reveals distinct basal and memory gene expression programs.

Induced CREB activity is a hallmark of long-term memory, but the full repertoire of CREB transcriptional targets required specifically for memory is not known in any system. To obtain a more complete picture of the mechanisms involved in memory, we combined memory training with genome-wide transcriptional analysis of C. elegans CREB mutants.

Human and non-human primate intestinal FcRn expression and immunoglobulin G transcytosis.

Purpose: To evaluate transcytosis of immunoglobulin G (IgG) by the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) in adult primate intestine to determine whether this is a means for oral delivery of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs).

Methods: Relative regional expression of FcRn and localization in human intestinal mucosa by RT-PCR, ELISA & immunohistochemistry. Transcytosis of full-length mAbs (sandwich ELISA-based detection) across human intestinal segments mounted in Ussing-type chambers, human intestinal (caco-2) cell monolayers grown in transwells, and serum levels after regional intestinal delivery in isoflurane-anesthetized cynomolgus monkeys.

Alternative functional in vitro models of human intestinal epithelia.

Physiologically relevant sources of absorptive intestinal epithelial cells are crucial for human drug transport studies. Human adenocarcinoma-derived intestinal cell lines, such as Caco-2, offer conveniences of easy culture maintenance and scalability, but do not fully recapitulate in vivo intestinal phenotypes. Additional sources of renewable physiologically relevant human intestinal cells would provide a much needed tool for drug discovery and intestinal physiology.

C. elegans positive butanone learning, short-term, and long-term associative memory assays.

The memory of experiences and learned information is critical for organisms to make choices that aid their survival. C. elegans navigates its environment through neuron-specific detection of food and chemical odors, and can associate nutritive states with chemical odors, temperature, and the pathogenicity of a food source.

Insulin signaling and dietary restriction differentially influence the decline of learning and memory with age.

Of all the age-related declines, memory loss is one of the most devastating. While conditions that increase longevity have been identified, the effects of these longevity-promoting factors on learning and memory are unknown. Here we show that the C.