Astrocyte-dependent local neurite pruning in Beat-Va neurons.

Developmental neuronal remodeling is extensive and mechanistically diverse across the nervous system. We sought to identify Drosophila pupal neurons that underwent mechanistically new types of neuronal remodeling and describe remodeling Beat-VaM and Beat-VaL neurons. We show that Beat-VaM neurons produce highly branched neurites in the CNS during larval stages that undergo extensive local pruning.

Structural basis of bulk lipid transfer by bridge-like lipid transfer protein LPD-3.

Bridge-like lipid transport proteins (BLTPs) are an evolutionarily conserved family of proteins that localize to membrane contact sites and are thought to mediate the bulk transfer of lipids from a donor membrane, typically the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), to an acceptor membrane, such as a that of the cell or an organelle . Despite the fundamental importance of BLTPs for cellular function, the architecture, composition, and lipid transfer mechanisms remain poorly characterized. Here, we present the subunit composition and the cryo-electron microscopy structure of the native LPD-3 BLTP complex isolated from transgenic .

The Australian Traumatic Brain Injury Initiative: Systematic Review of Predictive Value of Biological Markers for People With Moderate-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.

The Australian Traumatic Brain Injury Initiative (AUS-TBI) aims to co-design a data resource to predict outcomes for people with moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) across Australia. Fundamental to this resource is the data dictionary, which is an ontology of data items. Here, we report the systematic review and consensus process for inclusion of biological markers in the data dictionary.

Healthcare choices following mild traumatic brain injury in Australia.

Background: Accurate data on the types of healthcare people seek in the early stages following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in Australia is lacking. We sought to investigate the types of healthcare people seek following mTBI, including seeking no care at all; ascertain the demographic, pre- and peri-injury factors, and symptom characteristics associated with the care that people access; and examine whether choice of care is associated with symptomatic recovery and quality of life.

Methods: An online retrospective survey of Australians aged 18 to 65 years who had experienced a self-reported 'concussion' (mTBI) within the previous 18 months.

An ELISA-based method for rapid genetic screens in .

is a powerful model in which to perform genetic screens, but screening assays that are both rapid and can be used to examine a wide variety of cellular and molecular pathways are limited. offer an extensive toolbox of GFP-based transcriptional reporters, GFP-tagged proteins, and driver lines, which can be used to express GFP in numerous subpopulations of cells. Thus, a tool that can rapidly and quantitatively evaluate GFP levels in tissue would provide a broadly applicable screening platform.

Engaging online students by ecological knowledge.

The current COVID-19 pandemic has forced the global higher education community to rapidly adapt to partially or fully online course offerings. For field- or laboratory-based courses in ecological curricula, this presents unique challenges. Fortunately, a diverse set of active learning techniques exists, and these techniques translate well to online settings.

Clinical Guidelines for Management of Bone Health in Rett Syndrome Based on Expert Consensus and Available Evidence.

Objectives: We developed clinical guidelines for the management of bone health in Rett syndrome through evidence review and the consensus of an expert panel of clinicians.

Methods: An initial guidelines draft was created which included statements based upon literature review and 11 open-ended questions where literature was lacking. The international expert panel reviewed the draft online using a 2-stage Delphi process to reach consensus agreement.

Longitudinal bone mineral content and density in Rett syndrome and their contributing factors.

Bone mass and density are low in females with Rett syndrome. This study used Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry to measure annual changes in z-scores for areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) in the lumbar spine and total body in an Australian Rett syndrome cohort at baseline and then after three to four years. Bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) was calculated in the lumbar spine.

Bone mineral content and density in Rett syndrome and their contributing factors.

This study used densitometry to investigate the areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) in an Australian Rett syndrome cohort and to assess how factors such as genotype, epilepsy, BMI, and mobility affect these parameters. The influence of lean tissue mass (LTM) and bone area (BA) on total body BMC (TBBMC) was also investigated. Participants, recruited from the Australian Rett Syndrome Database (ARSD), had TBBMC and lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN) aBMD measured using Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry.

Early determinants of fractures in Rett syndrome.

Objectives: The goals were to compare the fracture incidence in Rett syndrome with that in the general population and to investigate the impact of genotype, epilepsy, and early motor skills on subsequent fracture incidence in girls and young women with Rett syndrome.

Methods: The Australian Rett syndrome study, a population-based study operating since 1993, investigated Australian subjects with Rett syndrome born since 1976. The 234 (81.