Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics Evaluation of a Single Oral Dose of Afoxolaner against Sarcoptes scabiei in the Porcine Scabies Model for Human Infestation.

Scabies is a major and potentially growing public health problem worldwide with an unmet need for acaricidal agents with greater efficacy and improved pharmacological properties for its treatment. The objective of the present study was to assess the efficacy and describe the pharmacokinetics profile of a novel acaricide, afoxolaner (AFX), in a relevant experimental porcine model. Twelve pigs were experimentally infested and either treated with 2.

The effects of energy-rich diets on discrimination reversal learning and on BDNF in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of the rat.

Male rats received normal chow or high-fat diets rich in dextrose (HFD) or sucrose (HFS). Half of the rats received 90-day unrestricted access to their diet prior to training, whereas the other half were food restricted throughout the study. We evaluated the effects of these dietary manipulations on discrimination and reversal performance and on post-training levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the prefrontal cortex and the ventral and dorsal hippocampus.

Sexual experience in female rodents: cellular mechanisms and functional consequences.

The neurobiology of female sexual behavior has largely focused on mechanisms of hormone action on nerve cells and how these effects translate into the display of copulatory motor patterns. Of equal importance, though less studied, are some of the consequences of engaging in sexual behavior, including the rewarding properties of sexual interactions and how sexual experience alters copulatory efficiency. This review summarizes the effects of sexual experience on reward processes and copulation in female Syrian hamsters.

Repeated quinpirole treatments produce neurochemical sensitization and associated behavioral changes in female hamsters.

Rationale: Repeated stimulation of dopaminergic pathways with dopamine receptor agonists can produce both neurochemical and behavioral sensitization.

Objectives: The present study was designed to examine whether repeated treatment with the D2-like dopamine receptor agonist, quinpirole, would produce neurochemical sensitization of D1 dopamine receptor-mediated processes and associated behavioral changes in female hamsters in a manner analogous to that previously used to sensitize heterologous dopamine signaling pathways in derived cell lines.

Materials And Methods: Female hamsters received two injections of quinpirole (1.

Sexual experience alters D1 receptor-mediated cyclic AMP production in the nucleus accumbens of female Syrian hamsters.

Drugs of abuse produce long-term changes in dopamine neurotransmission and receptor-effected intracellular signaling. Similar changes in neuronal activity are mediated by motivated behaviors. To explore cellular mechanisms underlying these neuroadaptations following sexual experience, cyclic AMP accumulation following stimulation of D1 dopamine receptors, G-proteins, and adenylate cyclase was compared in the nucleus accumbens and caudate nucleus of sexually naive and experienced female hamsters following sexual behavior.