Small volume platelet concentrates for neonatal use are more susceptible to shear-induced storage lesion.

The impact of the biophysical environment on the platelet storage lesion (PSL) has mainly focused on reduced temperature storage, overlooking the significance of storage-induced shear stress. Shear stress in platelet storage refers to the frictional force acting parallel to the bag surface and exists solely through the implementation of agitation. This study investigates whether minimizing exposure to agitation-induced shear stress can alleviate the unexplained loss of function in stored platelet concentrates for neonatal transfusion (neonatal PCs).

Circulating Monocytes Are Predictive and Responsive in Moderate-to-Severe Plaque Psoriasis Subjects Treated with Apremilast.

Monocytes play a critical role in the inflammation associated with psoriasis, and their abnormalities have been reported as biomarkers of cardiovascular event risk, a psoriasis comorbidity. Monocytic cells in chronic inflammatory disorders express elevated levels of cAMP phosphodiesterase. Restoring cAMP levels using the oral cAMP phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, apremilast, improves clinical outcomes for a subset of patients with psoriasis.

Second-year results from CINEMA: A novel, patient-centered, team-based intervention for patients with Type 2 diabetes or prediabetes at high cardiovascular risk.

Background: The care for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) necessitates a multidisciplinary team approach to reduce cardiovascular (CV) risk but implementation of effective integrated strategies has been limited.

Methods And Results: We report 2-year results from a patient-centered, team-based intervention called CINEMA at University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center. Patients with T2DM or prediabetes at high-risk for CV events, including those with established atherosclerotic CVD, elevated coronary artery calcium score ≥100, chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 2-4, and/or prevalent metabolic syndrome were included.

Enhancing leadership training in health services - an evidence-based practice-oriented approach.

Purpose: Globally, private and public organisations invest ever increasing amounts of money, time and effort to develop leadership capabilities in current and future leaders. Whilst such investment results in benefits for some, the full value of developmental strategies on offer is not always realised. Challenges inhibiting achievement of full value include struggling to identify learning programs that best fit with the organisational structure, culture, mission and vision and difficulties in maximising engagement of personnel at multiple levels of the management structure.

Acute effects of prior dietary fat ingestion on postprandial metabolic responses to protein and carbohydrate co-ingestion in overweight and obese men: A randomised crossover trial.

Background: Obesity and insulin resistance are associated with an impaired sensitivity to anabolic stimuli such as dietary protein (anabolic resistance). Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) may be protective against the deleterious effects of saturated fatty acids (SFA) on insulin resistance. However, the contribution of excess fat consumption to anabolic and insulin resistance and the interaction between SFA and n-3 PUFA is not well studied.

Skeletal muscle anabolic and insulin sensitivity responses to a mixed meal in adult patients with active Crohn's disease.

Background And Aims: We have previously shown reduced protein balance in response to nutrition in paediatric Crohn's disease (CD) in remission, associated with reduced lean mass (sarcopenia) and reduced protein intake in males. We aim to compare skeletal muscle metabolic response to feeding in adult active CD and healthy volunteers.

Methods: Eight CD participants with active disease (41.

Effect of acute and short-term dietary fat ingestion on postprandial skeletal muscle protein synthesis rates in middle-aged, overweight, and obese men.

Muscle anabolic resistance to dietary protein is associated with obesity and insulin resistance. However, the contribution of excess consumption of fat to anabolic resistance is not well studied. The aim of these studies was to test the hypothesis that acute and short-term dietary fat overload will impair the skeletal muscle protein synthetic response to dietary protein ingestion.

Reduced skeletal muscle protein balance in paediatric Crohn's disease.

Background & Aims: An inability to respond to nutrition could be implicated in low muscle mass in Crohn's disease. We aim to determine skeletal muscle metabolic response to feeding in Crohn's disease and healthy volunteers.

Methods: Twenty asymptomatic Crohn's disease participants (15.

What style of leadership do women in STEMM fields perform? Findings from an international survey.

It is widely acknowledged that women in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and medicine (STEMM) fields are underrepresented in leadership globally. However, little is known about how leadership styles of women in STEMM relate to this underrepresentation. This article discusses findings from a survey examining how 61 women in STEMM define leadership and describe their own leadership styles.

NURSE PRACTITIONER LEADERSHIP IN PATIENT-CENTRED COLLABORATIVE CARE.

Important changes are underway for the Australian health system. National health reform and the Healthier Medicare Review are creating new opportunities to lead innovation in primary healthcare, in particular, chronic disease management.

Natural motion trajectory enhances the coding of speed in primate extrastriate cortex.

The ability to estimate the speed of an object irrespective of size or texture is a crucial function of the visual system. However, previous studies have suggested that the neuronal coding of speed in the middle temporal area (MT, a key cortical area for motion analysis in primates) is ambiguous, with most neurons changing their speed tuning depending on the spatial frequency (SF) of a visual pattern. Here we demonstrate that the ability of MT neurons to encode speed is markedly improved when stimuli follow a trajectory across the visual field, prior to entering their receptive fields.

A retrospective analysis of RET translocation, gene copy number gain and expression in NSCLC patients treated with vandetanib in four randomized Phase III studies.

Background: To determine the prevalence of RET rearrangement genes, RET copy number gains and expression in tumor samples from four Phase III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) trials of vandetanib, a selective inhibitor of VEGFR, RET and EGFR signaling, and to determine any association with outcome to vandetanib treatment.

Methods: Archival tumor samples from the ZODIAC ( NCT00312377 , vandetanib ± docetaxel), ZEAL ( NCT00418886 , vandetanib ± pemetrexed), ZEPHYR ( NCT00404924 , vandetanib vs placebo) and ZEST ( NCT00364351 , vandetanib vs erlotinib) studies were evaluated by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 944 and 1102 patients.

Results: The prevalence of RET rearrangements by FISH was 0.

CPAP pressure for prediction of oral appliance treatment response in obstructive sleep apnea.

Study Objectives: Mandibular advancement splints (MAS) are often preferred to CPAP treatment for OSA but are not always equally efficacious. High therapeutic CPAP pressure has been associated with MAS treatment failure in a Japanese population. We sought to assess the relationship between CPAP pressure and MAS treatment response in an Australian population.

Do intrauterine device/intrauterine system users check their threads?

Background: Expulsion of an intrauterine device (IUD) occurs in about 1 in 20 women and expulsion may not be noticed by the user. Current guidance recommends that users are instructed to check regularly for their threads. This is the first study to explore the reality of how women feel about checking their threads and the details surrounding how frequently checks are done.

A specialized area in limbic cortex for fast analysis of peripheral vision.

In primates, prostriata is a small area located between the primary visual cortex (V1) and the hippocampal formation. Prostriata sends connections to multisensory and high-order association areas in the temporal, parietal, cingulate, orbitofrontal, and frontopolar cortices. It is characterized by a relatively simple histological organization, alluding to an early origin in mammalian evolution.

Electronic remote blood issue: a combination of remote blood issue with a system for end-to-end electronic control of transfusion to provide a "total solution" for a safe and timely hospital blood transfusion service.

Background: The rapid provision of red cell (RBC) units to patients needing blood urgently is an issue of major importance in transfusion medicine. The development of electronic issue (sometimes termed "electronic crossmatch") has facilitated rapid provision of RBC units by avoidance of the serologic crossmatch in eligible patients. A further development is the issue of blood under electronic control at blood refrigerator remote from the blood bank.

End-to-end electronic control of the hospital transfusion process to increase the safety of blood transfusion: strengths and weaknesses.

Background: Incorrect blood component transfused is a frequent serious incident associated with transfusion and often involves misidentification of the patient and/or the unit of blood.

Study Design And Methods: This study extended the evaluation of an electronic system involving bar code technology and handheld computers. Electronic control of collection of blood from blood refrigerators was incorporated into a previously described process for blood sample collection and blood administration.

A randomized trial of aprotinin (Trasylol) on blood loss, blood product requirement, and myocardial injury in total arterial grafting.

Background: Total arterial grafting is increasingly preferred in coronary artery bypass grafting, but it increases blood loss. Aprotinin (Trasylol; Bayer Corp, Leverkusen, Germany) reduces blood loss in cardiac surgery but has not been subjected to a randomized trial in total arterial grafting.

Methods: A single-center, randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial of aprotinin administration in total arterial grafting was performed.