Enterobacteriaceae resistant to third generation cephalosporins upon hospital admission: risk factors and clinical outcomes.

Objectives: Evaluate risk factors and clinical outcomes of infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae resistant to third-generation cephalosporins present in samples collected upon hospital admission.

Methods: Risk factors were evaluated using a 1:2 ratio case-control study. Influence of resistance on the appropriateness of antibiotic therapy, length of stay, and hospital mortality were prospectively evaluated.

Comparison of diagnostic methods for pancreatic insufficiency in infants with cystic fibrosis.

Objective: The objective of the present study is to compare daily weight gain and laboratory analysis (72-hour fecal fat and steatocrit) with fecal elastase-1 (EL-1) when diagnosing pancreatic insufficiency (PI) in infants with cystic fibrosis (CF).

Methods: A total of 39 infants with CF, diagnosed consecutively by newborn screening at 2 referral centers, were included in the study. Daily weight gain and results of laboratory analysis of stool samples were compared using the κ coefficient and the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve.