regulates melanocortin 4 receptor transcription and energy homeostasis.

Disruption of hypothalamic melanocortin 4 receptors (MC4Rs) causes obesity in mice and humans. Here, we investigated the transcriptional regulation of in the hypothalamus. In mice, we show that the homeodomain transcription factor Orthopedia (OTP) is enriched in MC4R neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus and directly regulates transcription.

[Prescription of antidepressants in primary care: a descriptive study on medical professionals' confidence].

Antidepressants are the third most prescribed drug class, and most prescriptions are not performed by specialists. This study aimed to evaluate primary health care (PHC) physicians' self-perceived confidence in prescribing antidepressants. This is a cross-sectional study with PHC physicians in the municipality of Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil.

Treatment of peri-implantitis using nonsurgical debridement combined with bioresorbable doxycycline nanospheres: a case report with 3-year follow-up.

Treatment of peri-implant diseases focuses on reducing the bacterial load and consequent infection control. The use of local antimicrobials as an adjunct to mechanical therapy may result in a better outcome. Among antimicrobials, doxycycline stands out because of its local modulation of cytokines, microbial reduction, and clinical parameters in the treatment of periodontal diseases.

Primary lacrimal gland sebaceous carcinoma - case presentation and literature review.

Primary sebaceous carcinoma of the lacrimal gland (PSCLG) is the rarest lacrimal gland (LG) tumor, often belatedly diagnosed, worsening the prognosis. We present a 68-year-old man with a large, indurated mass in the left orbital outer quadrant, visible at the conjunctival upper temporal fornix, extending to the lower fornix, with left gaze restriction. The lesion was not related to the eyelid or other periocular tissues.

Cochlear implant for profound hearing loss post COVID-19 complications.

• COVID-19 has been associated to Sensorineural Hearing Loss. • Cochlear implants may benefit patients with profound hearing loss post COVID-19. • Hearing rehabilitation should not be postponed in cases of deafness post COVID-19.

Virtual reality as a telerehabilitation strategy for people with autism spectrum disorder during the COVID-19 quarantine scenario: physical activity, motor performance and enjoyment.

Purpose: People with autism spectrum disorder could benefit from physical activity during the pandemic and COVID-19 restrictions, mainly to maintain adequate physical activity. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility, enjoyment, and potential effect of telerehabilitation using a serious game named 'MoveHero'.

Materials And Methods: Registered in Clinical Trials (NCT04402034).

Analysis of the association between anxiety, depression and obesity in individuals with metabolic syndrome.

The aim of this study was to verify the association between anxiety, depression, and obesity in metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients. It is a retrospective study with 142 volunteers with MetS of both genders and age ≥20 years. Every subject responded to the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS).

Delayed Outgrowth in Response to the BDNF and Altered Synaptic Proteins in Neurons From SHR Rats.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity symptoms. Neuroimaging studies have revealed a delayed cortical and subcortical development pattern in children diagnosed with ADHD. This study followed up on the development in vitro of frontal cortical neurons from Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), an ADHD rat model, and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY), control strain, over their time in culture, and in response to BDNF treatment at two different days in vitro (DIV).

Norfloxacin Cocrystals: Mechanochemical Synthesis and Scale-up Viability Through Solubility Studies.

Cocrystals are recognized as one of the most efficient approaches to improve aqueous solubility of Biopharmaceutical Classification System, BCS, classes II and IV drugs. Cocrystal discovery and the establishment of experimental conditions suitable for scale-up purposes are some of the main challenges in cocrystal investigation. In this work, the investigation of mechanochemical synthesis of norfloxacin cocrystals with picolinic and isonicotinic acids is performed, leading to the discovery of two new cocrystals of this important BCS class IV antibiotic, which were characterized through thermal, spectral and diffractometric analysis.

Time-Course of Redox Status, Redox-Related, and Mitochondrial-Dynamics-Related Gene Expression after an Acute Bout of Different Physical Exercise Protocols.

We investigated the magnitude of exercise-induced changes in muscular bioenergetics, redox balance, mitochondrial function, and gene expression within 24 h after the exercise bouts performed with different intensities, durations, and execution modes (continuous or with intervals). Sixty-five male Swiss mice were divided into four groups: one control (n = 5) and three experimental groups (20 animals/group), submitted to a forced swimming bout with an additional load (% of animal weight): low-intensity continuous (LIC), high-intensity continuous (HIC), and high-intensity interval (HII). Five animals from each group were euthanized at 0 h, 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h postexercise.

TRPA1 participation in behavioral impairment induced by chronic corticosterone administration.

Rationale: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most diagnosed mental disorders. Despite this, its pathophysiology remains poorly understood. In this context, basic research aims to unravel the pathophysiological mechanisms of MDD as well as investigate new targets and substances with therapeutic potential.

Dietary Soy Isoflavones Prevent Metabolic Disturbs Associated with a Deleterious Combination of Obesity and Menopause.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of soy isoflavone supplementation (25 mg/kg) on insulin resistance and inflammation in adipose tissue in an experimental model of menopause-obesity. Twenty-four female Wistar rats were ovariectomized (O) and distributed among the groups: OSD-ovariectomized rats submitted to normocaloric standard diet ( = 6); OHF-ovariectomized rats submitted to high-fat diet ( = 9); and OHFI-ovariectomized rats submitted to high-fat diet with isoflavones ( = 9). Weight gain, body adiposity, food and caloric intake, blood pressure, and glucose tolerance were assessed.

Sex differences in maternal odor preferences and brain levels of GAP-43 and sonic hedgehog proteins in infant SHR and Wistar Kyoto rats.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that presents sex differences in the severity and presentation of symptoms, whose neurobiological basis is still unknown. Both Growth-associated Protein 43 (GAP-43) and Sonic hedgehog (Shh) are considered essential proteins for the appropriate brain development, but their participation in ADHD neurobiology have not been investigated yet. In this study, we hypothesized that alterations in these proteins could be related to behavioral traits to ADHD phenotype.

Evaluation of Voice After Open Airway Surgery in Children: A Systematic Review.

Objective: This review aims to describe the methods used to assess the vocal quality and quality of life of children after airway reconstruction and their limitations.

Data Sources: A systematic review was carried out in 10 databases for articles published between 2000 and 2021 following the PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses).

Review Methods: Articles were included that described perceptual voice assessment with or without acoustic measures and/or voice quality impact questionnaires.

Interaction between cigarette smoke exposure and physical training on inflammatory and oxidative profile in mice muscle.

Regular physical training and cigarette smoke exposure (CSE) have opposite effects on physical performance, antioxidant, and inflammatory profile. However, the interaction between these events is not well studied. We aimed to investigate how regular physical training and CSE interact, and in what is the outcome of this interaction on the physical performance, skeletal muscle antioxidant defense and molecular profile response of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines.

Assessment of the clinical and laboratorial profile of patients with obesity and asymptomatic COVID-19 undergoing bariatric surgery in Brazil.

Purpose: to outline the clinical and laboratorial profile of patients with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery who presented positive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (Sars-CoV-2) in the preoperative period without symptoms presentation.

Methods: Case series of 17 patients undergoing bariatric surgery who presented positive RT-PCR for Sars-CoV-2 in the preoperative period, with no reported symptoms. Data collected included demographic characteristics, length of hospital stay, waiting time for surgery, inflammatory markers, serum levels of micronutrients and dengue virus (DENV) serology.

Two-year history of lymphadenopathy and fever caused by Bartonella henselae in a child.

We report the case of a 6-year-old boy that presented with enlarged lymph nodes on his neck. He complained of tiredness and discouragement, which worsened during feverish periods. There were no relevant laboratory test abnormalities and serological tests were not reactive.

Is COVID-19 Severity Impacted by Bariatric Surgery in the Early Postoperative Period?

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the real influence of bariatric surgery on the clinical evolution of patients infected with SARS-Cov-2 in the postoperative period.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis including two groups of patients: those who presented COVID-19 before bariatric surgery and those who presented it within 3 months of postoperative. Primary outcome was related to the severity of COVID-19, measured by the following variables: presence of symptoms, need for hospitalization, ICU admission, and invasive ventilation.

Use of blend based on an emulsifier, monolaurin, and glycerides of butyric acid in the diet of broilers: impacts on intestinal health, performance, and meat.

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the addition of a blend based on α-monolaurin mono-, di- and triglycerides of butyric acid, and lysolecithin on the performance even on diets containing reduced inclusion of oil in the diet and without the use of growth-promoting antibiotics of broilers considering the effect on health, performance, and meat. Three treatments were defined: positive control (TP: with enramycin), negative control (TN: no enramycin), and blend (T-FRA: with monolaurin and glycerides of acid butyric minus 0.8% soybean oil).

Relationship between Th17 immune response and cancer.

Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide and epidemiological projections predict growing cancer mortality rates in the next decades. Cancer has a close relationship with the immune system and, although Th17 cells are known to play roles in the immune response against microorganisms and in autoimmunity, studies have emphasized their roles in cancer pathogenesis. The Th17 immune response profile is involved in several types of cancer including urogenital, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and skin cancers.

Secondary tracheoesophageal puncture with a flexible transillumination device: a new technique and its outcomes.

Objectives: This study aims to describe a new secondary tracheoesophageal puncture technique with voice prosthesis insertion under local anesthesia with a low-cost device and evaluate its outcome.

Methods: With a transoral flexible transillumination device of aluminum of 2.3 mm with fiberoptic light, the esophagus's anterior wall is visualized through the tracheostomy.

Amphibians and reptiles of the Atlantic Forest in Recôncavo Baiano, east Brazil: Cruz das Almas municipality.

A list of amphibian and reptile species that occur in open and forested areas of the Atlantic Forest in the municipality of Cruz das Almas, in the Recôncavo Baiano, eastern Brazil is presented. Field sampling occurred between January 2015 to March 2019, totalling 117 samples distributed in three areas: Parque Florestal Mata de Cazuzinha, Mata da Cascalheira, and Riacho do Machado. A total of 1,848 individuals of 69 species (31 anurans, 14 lizards, 19 snakes, two amphisbaenians, and three testudines) was recorded.

Orthodontic tooth movement alters cementocyte ultrastructure and cellular cementum proteome signature.

Cementum is a mineralized tissue that covers tooth roots and functions in the periodontal attachment complex. Cementocytes, resident cells of cellular cementum, share many characteristics with osteocytes, are mechanoresponsive cells that direct bone remodeling based on changes in loading. We hypothesized that cementocytes play a key role during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM).