Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent environmental contaminants that pose significant toxicity risks to humans and ecosystems. Traditional advanced oxidation processes using boron-doped diamond (BDD) anodes degrade PFAS in wastewater effectively but suffer from slow kinetics and high energy costs, limiting commercial application. This study introduces a hybrid process combining cathodic electro-Fenton (EF), anodic oxidation via a BDD anode, and membrane distillation (MD) to improve perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) degradation efficiency and reduce energy use.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Innov Card Rhythm Manag
February 2025
Heart failure (HF) is a complex and potentially life-threatening medical condition posing significant risks to individuals. It is associated with substantial health care expenditures, considerable morbidity and mortality, and a decline in functional capacity and quality of life. Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) has emerged as a promising device-based treatment for patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
February 2025
Light-lanthanides (Ln), despite their widespread uses in commercial permanent magnets, are among the least explored metal elements as building blocks of single-molecule magnets (SMMs) due to their smaller magnetic moments as well as weaker spin-orbit couplings than those of the heavy-Ln counterparts, and so far, only a neodymium (Nd) complex has been reported showing a small magnetic hysteresis at 2 K. Here, we report a low-coordination praseodymium (Pr) complex, namely, Pr@CN, featuring a non-Kramers trivalent Pr ion entrapped within an azafullerene cage and behaving as the first Pr-based SMM. Although the weak nonaxial ligand field imposed only by the carbon cage on the integer-spin Pr(III) elicits nondegenerate spin states, Pr@CN shows an anomalous magnetic hysteresis up to 20 K using a field sweep rate of 20 Oe/s, which is the highest temperature among all reported light-Ln SMMs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Mastitis is a widespread disease on a global scale, significantly impacting the dairy industry. Mastitis in dairy cattle is caused by over 150 different bacteria, with () playing a significant role in financial losses, problems with animal welfare, and challenges with food safety. Phage treatment is thus being investigated as an effective replacement for reducing contaminants and illnesses caused by bacteria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrevious studies have observed alterations in excitation-contraction (EC) coupling during end-stage heart failure that include action potential and calcium (Ca) transient prolongation and a reduction of the Ca transient amplitude. Underlying these phenomena are the downregulation of potassium (K) currents, downregulation of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca ATPase (SERCA), increase Ca sensitivity of the ryanodine receptor, and the upregulation of the sodium-calcium (Na-Ca) exchanger. However, in human heart failure (HF), debate continues about the relative contributions of the changes in calcium handling vs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMutations in the ryanodine receptor (RyR2) gene have been linked to arrhythmia and possibly sudden cardiac death (SCD) during acute emotional stress, physical activities, or catecholamine perfusion. The most prevalent disorder is catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT1). Four primary mechanisms have been proposed to describe CPVT1 with a RyR2 mutation: (a) gain-of-function, (b) destabilization of binding proteins, (c) store-overload-induced Ca release (SOICR), and (d) loss of function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
December 2024
In this study, we introduce a protein-polymer bioconjugate comprising bovine serum albumin (BSA) and a lipid-based thermoresponsive block copolymer. These amphiphilic BSA-polymer conjugates can autonomously be organized into vesicular compartments for codelivery of glucose oxidase (GOx) and doxorubicin (DOX), demonstrating high drug loading content and remarkable antitumor activity via synergistic cancer therapy combining chemo-starvation strategies. Through the incorporation of a hydrophilic BSA block, the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the bioconjugates is tuned to around 40 °C, facilitating their targeted drug delivery to tumor cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConventional tillage, extreme climate events, increasing weed incidence, pest and disease pressures, and diminished farm input availability negatively impact crop yield, stability, profitability, and water productivity in South Asia's rice-wheat (R-W) systems. This article reviews and evaluates the effectiveness and benefits of conservation agriculture (CA) practices in improving soil health, water productivity, and sustainability in R-W systems. CA practices focus on minimum soil disturbance, permanent soil cover, and crop rotations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe formation of rice aroma is a complex process that is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. More than 500 fragrance compounds have been documented in fragrant rice, among which 2-AP dominates the aroma of rice. This paper introduced the identification of OsBadh2 in the biosynthesis of 2-AP in rice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe food industry is increasingly focused on maintaining the quality and safety of food products as consumers are becoming more health conscious and seeking fresh, minimally processed foods. However, deterioration and spoilage caused by foodborne pathogens continue to pose significant challenges, leading to decreased shelf life and quality. To overcome this issue, the food industry and researchers are exploring new approaches to prevent microbial growth in food, while preserving its nutritional value and safety.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPerovskites are an emerging material with a variety of applications, ranging from their solar light conversion capability to their sensing efficiency. In current study, perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) were designed using theoretical density functional theory (DFT) analysis. Moreover, the theoretically designed PNCs were fabricated and confirmed by various characterization techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMyocardial infarction (MI) is considered one of the most common cardiac diseases and major cause of death worldwide. The prevalence of MI and MI-associated mortality have been increasing in recent years due to poor lifestyle habits viz. residency, obesity, stress, and pollution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCoupling two magnetic anisotropic lanthanide ions via a direct covalent bond is an effective way to realize high magnetization blocking temperature of single-molecule magnets (SMMs) by suppressing quantum tunneling of magnetization (QTM), whereas so far only single-electron lanthanide-lanthanide bonds with relatively large bond distances are stabilized in which coupling between lanthanide and the single electron dominates over weak direct 4f-4f coupling. Herein, we report for the first time synthesis of short Dy(II)-Dy(II) single bond (3.61 Å) confined inside a carbon cage in the form of an endohedral metallofullerene Dy@C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe process of dissolving cellulose is a pivotal step in transforming it into functional, value-added materials, necessitating a thorough comprehension of the underlying mechanisms to refine its advanced processing. This article reviews cellulose dissolution using various solvent systems, along with an in-depth exploration of the associated dissolution mechanisms. The efficacy of different solvents, including aqueous solvents, organic solvents, ionic liquids, hybrid ionic liquid/cosolvent systems, and deep eutectic solvents, in dissolving cellulose is scrutinized, and their limitations and advantages are highlighted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImproved data sharing between healthcare providers can lead to a higher probability of accurate diagnosis, more effective treatments, and enhanced capabilities of healthcare organizations. One critical area of focus is brain tumor segmentation, a complex task due to the heterogeneous appearance, irregular shape, and variable location of tumors. Accurate segmentation is essential for proper diagnosis and effective treatment planning, yet current techniques often fall short due to these complexities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh temperature stress influences plant growth, seed yield, and fatty acid contents by causing oxidative damage. This study investigated the potential of thiourea (TU) to mitigate oxidative stress and restoring seed oil content and quality in canola. The study thoroughly examined three main factors: (i) growth conditions-control and high temperature stress (35 °C); (ii) TU supplementation (1000 mg/L)-including variations like having no TU, water application at the seedling stage, TU application at seedling stage (BBCH Scale-39), water spray at anthesis stage, and TU application at anthesis stage (BBCH Scale-60); (iii) and two canola genotypes, 45S42 and Hiola-401, were studied separately.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAutoimmune disorders include vast and distinct illnesses and are characterized by an immune system-mediated attack on the body's own tissues. Because of their ability to impact any portion of the body, their clinical symptoms are incredibly varied. The variations in symptoms are normally linked with the release and activation of vasoactive, chemotactic substances and cytokines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmacomechanical therapy and catheter-directed thrombolysis are potent treatments for venous thromboembolism. However, limited data exist regarding the management of thrombi in the inferior vena cava (IVC). IVC thrombus resulting from tumors is a particularly uncommon condition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground Typhoid fever presents a significant challenge in developing nations, exacerbated by the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains due to widespread prevalence and overuse of antibiotics. This study seeks to assess the antibiogram profiles of Salmonella species isolated from blood cultures of patients hospitalized at two prominent tertiary care hospitals in Peshawar, Pakistan: Khyber Teaching Hospital (KTH) and Hayatabad Medical Complex (HMC). By examining these profiles, the research aims to provide valuable insights into the evolving landscape of antibiotic resistance in the context of typhoid fever management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHumic acids have been widely used for centuries to enhance plant growth and productivity. The beneficial effects of humic acids have been attributed to different functional groups and phytohormone-like compounds enclosed in macrostructure. However, the mechanisms underlying the plant growth-promoting effects of humic acids are only partially understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF