Food waste (FW) with high content of lipid typically inhibits anaerobic digestion (AD) and methane production. In this study, a novel whole-cell catalyst was created to degrade lipid by displaying lipase on the E. coli cells surface to improve FW anaerobic digestion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioresour Technol
December 2024
Simplified anaerobic digestion (SAD) of substrates facilitates microbial methanogenic pathways. In this study, a methane-producing microbial consortium from cow dung was enriched to determine the metabolism and metabolic pathway in the SAD of methanol. The results showed that methanol as a sole substrate produced 167 mL of methane at 10 days significantly higher than 58 mL, 17.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMealworms () larvae can degrade both plastics and lignocellulose through synergistic biological activities of their gut microbiota because they share similarities in chemical and physical properties. Here, a total of 428 genes encoding lignocellulose-degrading enzymes were screened from the gut microbiome of larvae to identify poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)-degrading activities. Five genes were successfully expressed in , among which a feruloyl esterase-like enzyme named Fae-PETase demonstrated the highest PET degradation activity, converting PET into MHET (0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTick infestation poses an important challenge to livestock in Pakistan. Farm management practices and environmental variables can influence tick infestation prevalence in animals. To this end, a cross-sectional survey of 96 farms in four different geographical districts (24 farms from each district) was conducted in Punjab, Pakistan, between October 2021 and January 2022.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPeste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an extremely transmissible viral disease caused by the PPR virus that impacts domestic small ruminants, namely sheep and goats. This study aimed to employ a methodical approach to evaluate the regional occurrence of PPR in small ruminants in Pakistan and the contributing factors that influence its prevalence. A thorough search was performed in various databases to identify published research articles between January 2004 and August 2023 on PPR in small ruminants in Pakistan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe research explores Afghan refugee women's challenges in accessing education, employment, and legal rights in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. It seeks to inform policy changes to improve their socioeconomic circumstances and mitigate these hardships. The study employs qualitative methodologies, utilizing interviews, observation, and document analysis to capture rich, in-depth narratives from three Afghan refugee women.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroplastics (MPs) pose an emerging threat to soil ecological function, yet effective solutions remain limited. This study introduces a novel approach using magnetic biochar immobilized PET hydrolase (MB-LCC-FDS) to degrade soil polyethylene terephthalate microplastics (PET-MPs). MB-LCC-FDS exhibited a 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFColorectal cancer (CRC) is a serious global health concern, and researchers have been investigating different strategies to prevent, treat, or support conventional therapies for CRC. This review article comprehensively covers CRC therapy involving wild-type bacteria, including probiotics and oncolytic bacteria as well as genetically modified bacteria. Given the close relationship between CRC and the gut microbiota, it is crucial to compile and present a comprehensive overview of bacterial therapies used in the context of colorectal cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFiber film have received widespread attention due to its green friendliness. We can use microorganisms to degrade lignin in straw to obtain cellulose and make fiber films. Herein, a group of high-temperature (50 °C) lignin degrading bacterial consortium (LDH) was enriched and culture conditions for lignin degradation were optimized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLignocellulosic pretreatment is an important stage in biomass utilization, which usually requires high input. In this study, a low-cost method using combined ensiling and NaOH was developed for lignocellulosic pretreatment. Sweet sorghum bagasse (SSB) was ensiled for 21 days and then treated with diluted NaOH (0%, 1%, and 2%) for fermentation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFScope: Gut microbiota (GM) dysbiosis and dysregulated bile acids (BAs) metabolism have been linked to ulcerative colitis (UC) pathogenesis. The possibility of utilizing live probiotics with a defined BAs-metabolizing capability to modify the composition BAs for UC treatment remains unexplored.
Methods And Results: In this study, Strain GR-4 is sourced from traditional Chinese fermented food, "Jiangshui," and demonstrated the ability to deconjugate two common conjugated BAs by over 69% and 98.
Probiotics hold promise as a potential therapy for colorectal cancer (CRC), but encounter obstacles related to tumor specificity, drug penetration, and dosage adjustability. In this study, genetic circuits based on the E. coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) chassis were developed to sense indicators of tumor microenvironment and control the expression of therapeutic payloads.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLimited application in protecting lung health is attributed to the low levels of active compounds in lily plant bulbs. This study focused on enhancing the active compounds by fermenting Lilium davidii (Lanzhou Lily) bulbs with Limosilactobacillus fermentum GR-3, isolated from Jiangshui. Lily fermented bulbs with strain GR-3 (LFB+GR-3) increased the bioavailability of hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, 22-tetrahydroxy-5alpha-cholestan-6-one-3-O-beta-d-allopyranoside, 22-O-(6-deoxy-Alpha-l-mannopyranosyl)-3-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-pregn-5-en-20-one, 1-O-trans-feruloylglycerol, and 3,4 dihydroxybenzoic acid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAbernathy malformations are congenital extrahepatic porto-systemic shunts which allow splanchnic circulation to bypass the metabolic screen of the liver and drain directly into the systemic circulation. The resulting metabolic abnormalities have a multitude of implications ranging from hyperammonaemia, hepatic encephalopathy, to pulmonary hypoxemia. The shunt also causes anatomical implications in the form of varices.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochar is a by-product of thermochemical conversion of biomass or other carbonaceous materials. Recently, it has garnered extensive attention for its high application potential in microbial fuel cell (MFC) systems owing to its high conductivity and low cost. However, the effects of biochar on MFC system performance have not been comprehensively reviewed, thereby necessitating the evaluation of the efficacy of biochar application in MFCs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFis the most important cause of anaplasmosis in small ruminants. The current study was planned to estimate the molecular prevalence, risk factors, and phylogenetic analysis of infection in sheep and goats from different agro-climatic regions of Central and Southern Punjab, Pakistan. A total of 400 jugular blood samples were collected from asymptomatic goats ( = 200) and sheep ( = 200) from the Jhang and Dera Ghazi Khan districts from January 2021 to February, 2023.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Animal tuberculosis is an infectious, chronic, granulomatous, and debilitating disease affecting animals as well as humans. However, in recent decades, there have been many endemic geographic localities where animal tuberculosis has been identified in wildlife reservoirs, limiting the eradication program in cattle. This study aimed to identify animal tuberculosis in captive zoo animals in Pakistan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe gut microbes thrive by utilizing host energy and, in return, provide valuable benefits, akin to the symbiotic relationship. To study the mutualistic association between the gut microbiota and host, a range of gut microbe populations (85 %, 66 %, 45 % and 38 % at the normal level) with comparable structures were constructed in broiler model. The results revealed that reductions in gut microbial population led to decreased energy consumption, resulting in increased host weight (10.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAbortion is one of the leading causes of economic losses in the livestock industry worldwide. , , and spp. are the leading cause of late fetal loss in small ruminants.
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