Role of echocardiographic views adapted for lung evaluation in diagnosis of cardiogenic pulmonary edema in Dogs.

The objective of this study was to determine whether echocardiographic views adapted for lung evaluation may aid in diagnosis of dyspnea in dogs. Fifteen chronic valvular heart disease (CVHD) dogs without cardiac remodeling, 30 CVHD dogs with cardiac remodeling, 15 CVHD dogs with cardiogenic pulmonary edema and 15 dogs with pulmonary disease were prospectively enrolled. Loop recordings of pericardial-lung ultrasound were gathered during echocardiographic evaluation, and four videos of 4 different adapted views were recorded for each dog.

Early results on canine fetal kidney development: Ultrasonographic evaluation and value in prediction of delivery time.

To date there have been no studies that describe the ultrasonographic evaluation of kidney development in canine fetuses. The aim of this prospective and longitudinal study was to monitor fetal kidney development with ultrasound and use fetal kidney measurements as a complementary biometric index for estimation of gestational age. Ultrasonographic examinations were performed on 15 clinically healthy pregnant bitches every four days from 30 day of pregnancy, until visualization of the fetal renal pelvis was no longer possible.

Assessment of umbilical artery flow and fetal heart rate to predict delivery time in bitches.

The aim of this study was to quantitatively investigate the oscillation of the fetal heart rate (HR) in advance of normal delivery and whether this index could be used to indicate impending delivery. In addition, fetal HR oscillation and umbilical artery resistive index (RI) were correlated to determine if the combination of these parameters provided a more accurate prediction of the time of delivery. Sonographic evaluation was performed in 11 pregnant bitches to evaluate the fetal HR and umbilical artery RI at the following antepartum times: 120 to 96 hours, 72 to 48 hours, 24 to 12 hours, and 12 to 1 hours.

Effects of prostaglandin analogs on blood flow velocity and resistance in the ophthalmic artery of rabbits.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of prostaglandin analogs on blood flow in the ophthalmic artery of clinically healthy rabbits.

Methods: Fifty-five clinically healthy New Zealand white rabbits were divided into six groups, and the left eyes were treated for four weeks with the preservative benzalkonium chloride (BAK) only or a topical formulation of different prostaglandin analogs (bimatoprost BAK, tafluprost BAK-free, travoprost BAK, travoprost POLYQUAD, and latanoprost BAK). Color Doppler imaging was performed before and after the treatments.

Canine fetal echocardiography: correlations for the analysis of cardiac dimensions.

The aim of this study was to develop regression models for correlation of canine fetal heart development with body size to characterize normal development or suggest cardiac anomalies. Twenty clinically healthy pregnant bitches, either brachycephalic and non-brachycephalic, were examined ultrasonographically. Transabdominal fetal echocardiography was conducted every 4 days from the beginning of cardiac chambers differentiation until parturition.

Hemodynamics of the pectinis oculi artery in American pekin ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domestica).

Objective: To measure blood velocity parameters of the main detectable branch of the pectinis oculi artery and compare with values found in other arteries in other species to form a hypothesis of the function of the pecten oculi in birds.

Methods: Eleven American pekin ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domestica) without ocular diseases were examined with ocular Doppler ultrasonography. The pectinate artery resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) were calculated.

The use of Doppler evaluation of the canine umbilical artery in prediction of delivery time and fetal distress.

The aim of this study was to describe changes in umbilical artery blood flow in the later stages of canine pregnancy. Seventeen pregnant bitches were examined sonographically to evaluate umbilical artery blood flow at the following antepartum times: 120-96, 96-72, 72-48, 48-24, 24-12, 12-6 and 6-1h. The peak systolic velocity and end diastolic velocity were measured to calculate the resistive index (RI).

The eye of the red-eared slider turtle: morphologic observations and reference values for selected ophthalmic diagnostic tests.

Purpose: To perform a descriptive investigation of the red-eared slider turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans) eye, performing selected ophthalmic diagnostic tests with the aim of establishing normal reference values for this species.

Method: Thirty adult healthy red-eared slider turtles were used to establish normal ophthalmic test values in this investigation. Selected ophthalmic tests included: collection of material for bacterial culture analysis, esthesiometry, intraocular pressure (IOP), A- and B-mode ultrasonic biometry, fundus photography, and central corneal thickness (CCT).

Evaluation of standardized endodontic paper point tear test in New Zealand white rabbits and comparison between corneal sensitivity followed tear tests.

Objective: To evaluate endodontic paper point tear test (PPTT) in rabbits and compare changes in corneal touch threshold (CTT) induced by Schirmer tear test (STT) and PPTT. Normal corneal sensitivity recovery time after both tear tests was also measured. Also, mean PPTT and STT values were obtained.

Eyelash growth induced by topical prostaglandin analogues, bimatoprost, tafluprost, travoprost, and latanoprost in rabbits.

Purpose: Prostaglandin analogues (PGA) are ocular hypotensive agents used for the treatment of glaucoma. Hypertrichosis of the eyelashes has been reported in humans as a side effect. Eyelash growth was investigated with clinical trials in people using bimatoprost.

Characterization of the oculocardiac reflex during compression of the globe in Beagle dogs and rabbits.

Objective: This investigation characterizes the occurrence of oculocardiac reflex (OCR) in conscious rabbits and dogs by observing the effect of an ocular compression stimulus on heart rate (HR).

Animals Studied: Thirty-four clinically healthy adult rabbits and 15 clinically healthy adult Beagle dogs were studied.

Procedures: An electrocardiogram was used to record the heart rhythm and HR continuously.