Targeting Epigenetic Alterations Linked to Cancer-Associated Fibroblast Phenotypes in Lung Cancer.

The focus in cancer research and treatment has recently shifted from being primarily tumor-centric to emphasizing the tumor microenvironment (TME) [...

Vistas in Signaling Pathways Implicated in HSV-1 Reactivation.

Ancient Greek physicians, including Hippocrates, documented skin conditions resembling herpes as early as 500 before common era (BCE), but it was not until the 1920s that Lowenstein successfully isolated the herpes virus from human lesions, significantly advancing our understanding of the infection [...

The Clinical Significance of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Classification in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Malignant cells flourish within a specialized environment known as the tumor microenvironment (TME) [...

Leveraging the ROS-TME Axis for Cancer Treatment.

The discovery of reactive oxygen species (ROS) dates back to the early 20th century [...

Seeing the Future of Lung Cancer Vaccination.

It has been nearly fifteen years since the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first therapeutic cancer vaccine for solid tumors, namely Sipuleucel-T (Provenge), marking a significant milestone in the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer [...

State of the Art and New Perspectives in Lung Cancer Therapeutics.

Cisplatin became a first-line chemotherapy regimen for lung cancer in the mid-1980s, marking a pivotal advance in lung cancer treatment [...

The Promise of Artificial Intelligence in Reshaping Anticancer Drug Development.

While the concept of artificial intelligence (AI) has deep historical roots, its development as a formal scientific field was initiated in the 1950s by Newell and Simon, who invented a "thinking machine" called the Logic Theorist [...

YAP/TAZ Signaling in the Pathobiology of Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a severe, irreversible lung disease characterized by progressive scarring, with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) being the most prevalent form. IPF's pathogenesis involves repetitive lung epithelial injury leading to fibroblast activation and excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. The prognosis for IPF is poor, with limited therapeutic options like nintedanib and pirfenidone offering only modest benefits.

Anthocyanins in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Treatment and Prevention.

An ever-growing volume of data supports the important role of dietary interventions in cancer prevention and the beneficial effects of plant secondary metabolites in solid tumor therapeutics [...

YAP/TAZ-TEAD signalling axis: A new therapeutic target in malignant pleural mesothelioma.

The Hippo signalling pathway, a highly conserved signalling cassette, regulates organ size by controlling cell growth, apoptosis and stem cell self-renewal. The tumourigenic potential of this pathway is largely attributed to the activity of YAP/TAZ, which activate the TEAD1-4 transcription factors, leading to the expression of genes involved in cell proliferation and suppression of cell death. Aberrant regulation of the YAP/TAZ-TEAD signalling axis is commonly observed in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), an insidious neoplasm of the pleural tissue that lines the chest cavity and covers the lungs with poor prognosis.

P53 and Rb Aberrations in Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC): From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Modulation.

The genes coding for the tumor suppressors p53 and retinoblastoma (Rb) are inactivated in the vast majority of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) tumors. Data support the notion that these two deleterious genetic events represent the initial steps in the development of SCLC, making them essential for a lung epithelial cell to progress toward the acquisition of a malignant phenotype. With the loss of and , their broad tumor suppressive functions are eliminated and a normal cell is able to proliferate indefinitely, escape entering into cellular senescence, and evade death, no matter the damage it has experienced.