Assessing solvated electron uptake in low-temperature plasma-exposed solutions as a pathway to quantifying plasma electrons.

Low-temperature plasma (LTP) is being advanced as an alternative radiation source that offers unique chemical properties demonstrated in a variety of reactive plasma species, in which electrons are the primary species derived upon plasma irradiation. We employed a simple and reliable protocol based on two-electron reduction of nitrate into nitrite ions coupled with fluorometric detection to quantify the uptakes of solvated electrons in irradiated solutions under two distinct plasma conditions of our LTP source. In addition, we explored the influence of other plasma species and the solution pH on the uptake rates.

Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid and quantum criticality in spin- antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chain via Wilson ratio.

The ground state of a one-dimensional spin- uniform antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chain (AfHc) is a Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid which is quantum-critical with respect to applied magnetic fields up to a saturation field beyond which it transforms to a fully polarized state. Wilson ratio has been predicted to be a good indicator for demarcating these phases [Phys. Rev.

Palladium-Catalyzed Remote C-H Functionalization: Non-Covalent Interactions and Reversibly Bound Templates.

Pd-catalysis has stood as a pivotal force in synthetic transformations for decades, maintaining its status as a paramount tool in the realm of C-H bond activation. While functionalization at proximal positions has become commonplace, achieving selective and sustainable access to distal positions continues to captivate scientific endeavors. Recently, a noteworthy trend has emerged, focusing on the utilization of non-covalent interactions to address the challenges associated with remote functionalization.

Quantifying hydroxyl radicals generated by a low-temperature plasma using coumarin: methodology and precautions.

The detection and quantification of hydroxyl radicals (HO˙) generated by low-temperature plasmas (LTPs) are crucial for understanding their role in diverse applications of plasma radiation. In this study, the formation of HO˙ in the irradiated aqueous phase is investigated at various plasma parameters, by probing them indirectly using the coumarin molecule. We propose a quantification methodology for these radicals, combining spectrophotometry to study the coumarin reaction with hydroxyl radicals and fluorimetry to evaluate the formation yield of the hydroxylated product, 7-hydroxycoumarin.

DNA Strand Breaks and Denaturation as Probes of Chemical Reactivity versus Thermal Effects of Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jets.

An atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) is being advanced as an alternative radiation type that offers excellent efficacy in an array of medical applications against specific biological targets such as DNA. This work explores the possibility of implementing DNA and its damage as a probe for specific plasma diagnostics such as reactive plasma species formation and transient local heating. We analyzed both APPJ characteristics based on the detection of plasma-induced strand breaks and DNA denaturation.

Revealing low-temperature plasma efficacy through a dose-rate assessment by DNA damage detection combined with machine learning models.

Low-temperature plasmas have quickly emerged as alternative and unconventional types of radiation that offer great promise for various clinical modalities. As with other types of radiation, the therapeutic efficacy and safety of low-temperature plasmas are ubiquitous concerns, and assessing their dose rates is crucial in clinical settings. Unfortunately, assessing the dose rates by standard dosimetric techniques has been challenging.

Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Deposition of TiO: A Review.

Atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) deposition techniques are useful today because of their simplicity and their time and cost savings, particularly for growth of oxide films. Among the oxide materials, titanium dioxide (TiO) has a wide range of applications in electronics, solar cells, and photocatalysis, which has made it an extremely popular research topic for decades. Here, we provide an overview of non-thermal APP deposition techniques for TiO thin film, some historical background, and some very recent findings and developments.