Measuring Talker Age Estimates Through Crowdsourced Listeners' Ratings: A Pilot Study for Voice Research.

Purpose: Most auditory-perceptual voice research utilizes the judgments of trained listeners rather than everyday listeners with no previous training in speech pathology. Online crowdsourcing of behavioral data from untrained participants is rapidly increasing in popularity but has yet to be a common procedure for auditory-perceptual studies of the voice. The objective of this pilot study was to assess the functionality of this model for judgments of voice by using an online experiment platform to replicate a lab-based, voice-specific age estimation study.

Intestinal epithelial cell NCoR deficiency ameliorates obesity and metabolic syndrome.

Nuclear receptor corepressor (NCoR1) interacts with various nuclear receptors and regulates the anabolism and catabolism of lipids. An imbalance in lipid/energy homeostasis is also an important factor in obesity and metabolic syndrome development. In this study, we found that the deletion of NCoR1 in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) mainly activated the nuclear receptor PPAR and attenuated metabolic syndrome by stimulating thermogenesis.

The association between neighborhood social vulnerability and community-based rehabilitation after stroke.

Background: Timely rehabilitative care is vital for functional recovery after stroke. Social determinants may influence access to and use of post-stroke care but have been inadequately explored. The study examined the relationship between the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) and community-based rehabilitation utilization.

Novel interactions within the silent information regulator heterochromatin complex potentiate inter-subunit communication and gene repression.

Organisms with smaller genomes often perform multiple functions using one multi-subunit protein complex. The Silent Information Regulator complex (SIRc) carries out all of the core functions of heterochromatin. SIR complexes first drive the initiation and spreading of histone deacetylation in an iterative manner.

Evaluating Personal Safety Within the LGBTQIA+ Campus Community: A Needs Assessment.

Background: Violence against sexual and gender minorities is a significant concern on university campuses.

Methods: A needs assessment self-report survey was administered to LGBTQIA+ university campus community members to assess perceptions of vulnerability, interest in, and beliefs related to personal safety/self-defense (PS/SD) training at a public Midwestern university.

Results: Forty-three LGBTQIA+ campus community members responded to the survey.

Racial differences in carcinoma-in-situ and non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer mortality: Accounting for insurance status, black segregation, and neighborhood poverty.

Background: Few Bladder Cancer (BC) studies have examined the role of area-level variables. The purpose of this study was to examine racial differences in BC survival to elucidate if insurance status and contextual covariates could explain Black disadvantage in survival.

Method: Using the Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard models (sHR), five-year survival time was calculated from the date of diagnosis until the last day of follow-up or the date of death due to BC in Florida 2000-2014 (n = 32,321).

Dual role of vascular endothelial growth factor-C in post-stroke recovery.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), antigens, and antigen-presenting cells drain from the central nervous system (CNS) into lymphatic vessels near the cribriform plate and dura, yet the role of these vessels during stroke is unclear. Using a mouse model of ischemic stroke, transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO), we demonstrate stroke-induced lymphangiogenesis near the cribriform plate, peaking at day 7 and regressing by day 14. Lymphangiogenesis is restricted to the cribriform plate and deep cervical lymph nodes and is regulated by VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 signaling.

Community Disparities in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Prehospital Antiarrhythmic Practices.

Objectives: Antiarrhythmic administration is an important treatment for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) with a shockable rhythm, but a minimal amount is known about disparities in such antiarrhythmic practices. We sought to investigate the association between community race/ethnicity and prehospital antiarrhythmic administration for OHCA.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of a national prehospital database, National Emergency Medical Services Information System (NEMSIS), linked to Census data.

Quality of bowel preparation for colonoscopy in patients on glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists.

Background And Aims: We aimed to assess the quality of bowel preparation in a matched cohort of patients actively using and not using glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) in a large health system in the United States.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of adult patients undergoing colonoscopy in 22 endoscopy units across 18 sites in the United States.

Results: Our cohort comprised 6235 patients (3344 case patients and 2891 control patients).

An evaluation of risankizumab for the treatment of moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis.

Introduction: Risankizumab (RZB) is a recombinant IgG humanized monoclonal antibody which selectively inhibits interleukin (IL)-23 though high-affinity binding of the p19 subunit. RZB was approved for use in Crohn's disease (CD) in 2022 and received regulatory approval for ulcerative colitis (UC) in the United States in June 2024.

Areas Covered: We will examine currently available therapies for UC, provide an overview of the IL-23 pathway, discuss available trial data for RZB in UC, and comment on how RZB may fit into the current UC treatment paradigm and future directions in the field.

Temporal Trends in Single- and Multiple-Sports Team Participation Among Adolescents in the United States: Analysis Using the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, 1999-2019.

Background: It is unclear how levels of sport participation have changed among adolescents in the United States (US) in recent years, particularly considering evidence of increasing sport professionalization and attrition.

Purpose: To evaluate the differences and trends in single- and multiple-team sport participation among US high school students between 1999 and 2019.

Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study.

Impact of Gene Expression Classifier Testing on Adjuvant Treatment Following Radical Prostatectomy: The G-MINOR Prospective Randomized Cluster-crossover Trial.

Background And Objective: Decipher is a tissue-based genomic classifier (GC) developed and validated in the post-radical prostatectomy (RP) setting as a predictor of metastasis. We conducted a prospective randomized controlled cluster-crossover trial assessing the use of Decipher to determine its impact on adjuvant treatment after RP.

Methods: Eligible patients had undergone RP within 9 mo of enrollment, had pT3-4 disease and/or positive surgical margins, and prostate-specific antigen <0.

School-based physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic.

School closures and restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic changed opportunities for youth physical activity (PA). We sought to identify school and other contextual conditions associated with youth PA during the COVID-19 pandemic. A nationally representative, United States sample consisted of 500 parents of children ages 6-10 years old and 500 parent-child dyads with children and adolescents ages 11-17 years old who completed a web-based questionnaire.

The changing contributory role to infections of work, public transport, shopping, hospitality and leisure activities throughout the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in England and Wales.

Background: Understanding how non-household activities contributed to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections under different levels of national health restrictions is vital.

Methods: Among adult Virus Watch participants in England and Wales, we used multivariable logistic regressions and adjusted-weighted population attributable fractions (aPAF) assessing the contribution of work, public transport, shopping, and hospitality and leisure activities to infections.

Results: Under restrictions, among 17,256 participants (502 infections), work [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.

Factors Associated With Improvement Following In-office Steroid Injections for Vocal Fold Scar.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients receiving in-office vocal fold steroid injections (VFSI), highlighting relatively new measures around vocal pitch.

Methods: Patients with a diagnosis of vocal fold scar who received in-office VFSI from 2013 to 2024 were evaluated. Pre- and post-steroid Voice Handicap Index (VHI-10) scores, stroboscopic vibratory parameters, acoustic measures of cepstral peak prominence (CPP), and fundamental frequency coefficient of variation (F0CoV) during sustained phonation were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and McNemar's tests.

Spectroscopic and solution properties characterization of quaternary ammonium ion containing polycations complexed with fluorescent rhodamine sulfonic acid dyes.

Based on the growing range of applications for polycations in research and commercial materials, a continuing need exists to advance the fundamental knowledge and understanding of this class of materials. Spectroscopic and solution properties characterizations of noncovalently labeled, fluorescent Alexa Fluor® dye complexes of two commercial polycations, poly(2-(trimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) monocation and poly[bis[2-chloroethyl] ether-alt-1,3-bis[3-(dimethylamino) propyl] urea] dication are reported to help address this need. A variety of fluorescence spectroscopic methods are used with a special emphasis on fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) which is applied to characterize the Stokes radius (R) and equilibrium dissociation constants (K) of dye-polycation complexes at nanomolar dye concentrations.

Oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practices of people living with mental illness: a mixed-methods systematic review.

People living with mental illness experience poorer oral health outcomes compared to the general population, yet little is known about their oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practices. The aim of this mixed-methods systematic review was to synthesise evidence regarding oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practices of people living with mental illness to inform preventative strategies and interventions. Database searches were conducted in PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, ProQuest, and Scopus with no limitations placed on the year of study.

The efficacy of the TEACH e-Learning course at improving early childhood educators' physical activity and sedentary behaviour self-efficacy, knowledge, intentions, and perceived behavioural control: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Early childhood educators play a critical role in promoting physical activity and reducing sedentary time in childcare centres. However, early childhood educators receive limited specialised pre- and in-service learning opportunities relating to these behaviours and may lack the capacity to effectively engage children in healthy movement behaviours. This study aimed to examine the efficacy of an e-Learning course on increasing early childhood educators' physical activity and sedentary behaviour-related capacities.

Influence of perch provision during rearing on activity and musculoskeletal health of pullets.

Prior research suggests exercise during pullet rearing can mitigate lay-phase bone fractures by strengthening muscles, enhancing balance, and increasing bone mass. This study aimed to confirm that Hy-Line brown pullets with multi-tier perches show increased activity and improved musculoskeletal health. Pullets (n = 810) were randomly allocated to housing systems, either with multi-tier perches (P; n = 15 pens) or without (NP; n = 15 pens), spanning from 0-17 weeks of age.

The prognostic effect of mechanical, ultrastructural, and ECM signatures in glioblastoma core and rim.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly invasive, aggressive brain cancer that carries a median survival of 15 months and is resistant to standard therapeutics. Recent studies have demonstrated that intratumoral heterogeneity plays a critical role in promoting resistance by mediating tumor adaptation through microenvironmental cues. GBM can be separated into two distinct regions-a core and a rim, which are thought to drive specific aspects of tumor evolution.

Self-Defense Training to Reduce Violence Against Women and Girls: An Integrative Review.

Background: Violence against women and girls (VAWG) is a serious threat to individual and public health with vast negative impacts, including numerous physical and mental health issues, as well as societal and economic consequences. Numerous women's self-defense interventions have been proposed to reduce the risk of victimization.

Aims: The current integrative review, based on Whittemore and Knafl's framework, was completed to synthesize current evidence on women's self-defense training, the impact of such training on outcomes related to VAWG, and evaluate the strength of evidence for women's self-defense training interventions.

Path to autonomous soil sampling and analysis by ground-based robots.

Good site characterization is essential for the selection of remediation alternatives for impacted soils. The value of site characterization is critically dependent on the quality and quantity of the data collected. Current methods for characterizing impacted soils rely on expensive manual sample collection and off-site analysis.