Nutrient content in the muscle and skin of fillets from farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

The nutrient content in the muscle and edible skin parts of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fillets, sampled at two growth stages, was evaluated. The average concentrations of protein and essential amino acids were higher in the muscle than in the skin. The chemical scores reached a value of 1.

Wheat- and barley-based diets with or without additives influence broiler chicken performance, nutrient digestibility and intestinal microflora.

Background: To our knowledge, there is scant literature on comparative broiler response to cereal diets high in soluble non-starch polysaccharides without or with enzyme, prebiotic, probiotic or synbiotic supplementation. In the present study, the effects of a wheat- and barley-based diet with or without supplemental xylanase plus β-glucanase, inulin, Enterococcus faecium or inulin plus Enterococcus faecium, on bird performance, digesta viscosity, nutrient digestibility and intestinal microflora were compared to a maize-based diet.

Results: In comparison to a maize-based diet, the wheat- and barley-based diet reduced (P < 0.

Effects of inulin on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and metabolisable energy in broiler chickens.

1. A 35 d feeding trial with 480 d-old male broiler chickens (Cobb) was conducted to evaluate the effects of graded levels of inulin (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 g/kg diet) in a maize-soybean meal based diet on growth performance, AME(N) and apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of crude protein, amino acids, starch, crude fat and fatty acids. A commercial product (Inulina 95) containing 9140 g/kg of inulin and a degree of polymerisation (DP) ranging from DP 1-10 to DP 51-60 was used.

Effect of inulin supplementation and dietary fat source on performance, blood serum metabolites, liver lipids, abdominal fat deposition, and tissue fatty acid composition in broiler chickens.

A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of adding inulin to diets containing 2 different types of fat as energy sources on performance, blood serum metabolites, liver lipids, and fatty acids of abdominal adipose tissue and breast and thigh meat. A total of 240 one-day-old female broiler chicks were randomly allocated into 1 of 6 treatments with 8 replicates per treatment and 5 chicks per pen. The experiment consisted of a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 3 concentrations of inulin (0, 5, and 10 g/kg of diet) and 2 types of fat [palm oil (PO) and sunflower oil (SO)] at an inclusion rate of 90 g/kg of diet.

Effects of inulin and enzyme complex, individually or in combination, on growth performance, intestinal microflora, cecal fermentation characteristics, and jejunal histomorphology in broiler chickens fed a wheat- and barley-based diet.

A study was undertaken to examine the effects of inulin, alone or in combination with enzyme complex (primarily xylanase and beta-glucanase), on growth performance, ileal and cecal microflora, cecal short-chain fatty acids, and d-lactic acid and jejunal histomorphology of broiler chickens fed a wheat- and barley-based diet from 7 to 35 d of age. A total of 240 seven-day-old male Cobb broilers were allocated to 1 of 6 treatments, with 8 replicate pens per treatment and 5 birds per pen. The experiment consisted of a 3x2 factorial arrangement of the treatments with 3 concentrations of inulin (0, 10, or 20 g/kg of diet) and 2 concentrations of enzyme complex (0 or 100 mg/kg of diet).

Effect of inulin on growth performance, intestinal tract sizes, mineral retention and tibial bone mineralisation in broiler chickens.

1. A 5-week feeding trial with 240 one-day-old male broiler chickens was conducted to investigate the responses of performance, intestinal tract measurements, relative apparent retention of minerals (Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn and Cu), and tibial bone measurements and mineral content (ash and Ca) to dietary graded levels of inulin. Treatments consisted of a maize-soybean meal control diet without or with supplemental antibiotic (flavomycin, 40 mg/kg diet) and 4 diets containing inulin at concentrations of 5, 10, 15 and 20 g/kg.

Interaction of dietary high-oleic-acid sunflower hulls and different fat sources in broiler chickens.

The effect of dietary fat sources (high-oleic-acid sunflower seeds, HOASS; palm oil, PO; and high-oleic-acid sunflower oil, HOASO) and high-oleic-acid sunflower hulls (HOAS hulls; 40 g/kg of diet) on performance, digestive organ size, fat digestibility, and fatty acid profile in abdominal fat and blood serum parameters was evaluated in chickens (from 1 to 21 d of age). Bird performance and digestive organ size were not affected by either dietary fat source or sunflower hull supplementation. Fat digestibility in birds fed diets enriched (HOASS and HOASO) in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was increased compared with those fed the PO diet.

Effect of dietary high-oleic acid sunflower seed, palm oil and vitamin E supplementation on broiler performance, fatty acid composition and oxidation susceptibility of meat.

1. A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of inclusion of two fat sources: high-oleic acid sunflower seed (HOASS; 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 g/kg diet) and palm oil (PO), and dietary supplementation of vitamin E (alpha-tocopheryl acetate, 200 mg/kg diet) on performance, fatty acid composition and susceptibility to oxidation of white and dark chicken meat during refrigerated storage. Female chicks (3 to 6 weeks) were given one of 5 diets containing 90 g/kg of added fat with increasing monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content, adjusted by progressively replacing PO by HOASS.

Nutritive value of high-oleic acid sunflower seed for broiler chickens.

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the use of high-oleic acid sunflower seed (HOASS) in broiler diets. In the first experiment, HOASS was included in a basal diet at 80, 160, 240, and 320 g/kg at the expense of the energy-yielding ingredients, and the AMEn values of the experimental diets were determined. The linear regression equation of AMEn values on rate of inclusion was calculated.

Effect of whole and demucilaged linseed in broiler chicken diets on digesta viscosity, nutrient utilisation and intestinal microflora.

1. A study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of the inclusion of linseed or demucilaged linseed in the diet on the performance, fat and fatty acid digestibilities, metabolisability of gross energy and intestinal microflora. 2.

Crude protein fractions in common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) fresh forage during pod filling.

Crude protein (CP) of forages can be separated into fractions of differentiated abilities to provide available amino acids in the lower gut of ruminants. This knowledge is critical to develop feeding systems and to predict animal responses. We have measured during two growing seasons (1996 to 1997 and 1997 to 1998) the CP fractions of common vetch fresh forage with the objective being to assess the influence of maturity on concentration of CP fractions (as a percentage of total CP) and fraction yields.

Effect of inclusion level of linseed on the nutrient utilisation of diets for growing broiler chickens.

1. Diets containing linseed at inclusions of 0, 80, 120 and 160 g/kg were evaluated for digestibility of nutrients and AMEn content with male broiler chickens. 2.

Metabolisable energy value and digestibility of fat and fatty acids in linseed determined with growing broiler chickens.

1. In the first experiment, the AMEN of linseed was evaluated at rates of 40, 80, 160 and 240 g/kg in a basal diet with broiler chickens aged 28 d using the total collection method. 2.

Effect of chicken age on the nutritive value of diets with graded additions of full-fat sunflower seed.

1. Diets containing increasing amounts (80, 160 and 240 g/kg) of hulled full-fat sunflower seed (HFFSS) were evaluated for digestibility of nutrients and AMEn content with broiler chickens at 2 different ages (10 to 12 d and 27 to 29 d). 2.

Effects of faba bean tannins on the growth and histological structure of the intestinal tract and liver of chicks and rats.

1. Diets containing a freeze-dried tannin extract from faba beans (Vicia faba L.) at concentrations of 0, 8 and 16 g/kg were fed to growing chicks and rats.