Exercise as a Therapeutic Intervention for Chronic Disease Management: A Comprehensive Review.

This comprehensive review examines exercise as a therapeutic intervention for managing chronic diseases. It explores the physiological mechanisms behind physical activity's beneficial effects and its impact on various conditions, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and mental health disorders. Drawing from current literature and research findings, this review highlights how regular exercise significantly reduces mortality rates, improves disease outcomes, and enhances the overall quality of life for those with chronic illnesses.

Evaluation of drought and salinity tolerance potentials of different soybean genotypes based upon physiological, biochemical, and genetic indicators.

The present study has evaluated different soybean genotypes to understand the salt and drought tolerance mechanisms based on physiological traits (photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll, and cell membrane stability), antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase), reactive oxygen species (HO and O ), osmolytes (glycine betaine, proline, and Na/K), plant water relations (relative water content, water potential, and solute potential) and expression of related genes (, , , , , , , and ). The experiment was conducted in a two-factorial arrangement using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with genotypes as one factor and salt, drought, and control treatments as the other factor. All physiological traits, relative water content, and water potential decreased significantly in all soybean genotypes due to individual and combined treatments of drought and salt stress, with significantly less decrease in soybean genotypes G4620RX, DM45X61, and NARC-21.

Transferable deep learning with coati optimization algorithm based mitotic nuclei segmentation and classification model.

Image processing and pattern recognition methods have recently been extensively implemented in histopathological images (HIs). These computer-aided techniques are aimed at detecting the attentive biological markers for assisting the final cancer grading. Mitotic count (MC) is a significant cancer detection and grading parameter.

The Effect of Bio-Electromagnetic Energy Regulation Therapy on Erectile Dysfunction in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Triple-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.

: To evaluate the effect of bio-electromagnetic energy regulation (BEMER) therapy on erectile dysfunction (ED) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). A triple-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted in two different centers. Fifty-two male participants with MS were randomly allocated into two groups.

Multimodal biometric identification: leveraging convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures and fusion techniques with fingerprint and finger vein data.

Advancements in multimodal biometrics, which integrate multiple biometric traits, promise to enhance the accuracy and robustness of identification systems. This study focuses on improving multimodal biometric identification by using fingerprint and finger vein images as the primary traits. We utilized the "NUPT-FPV" dataset, which contains a substantial number of finger vein and fingerprint images, which significantly aided our research.

Metasurface absorber for millimeter waves: a deep learning-optimized approach for enhancing the isolation of wideband dual-port MIMO antennas.

In this communication, the concept of metasurface absorber is utilized to enhance the isolation in the dual port multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna specially designed for a wideband millimeter wave operation. The frequency of operation of the designed module is 32.5-42.

Quality of Life and Complications Among Hemodialysis Patients.

Background Patients with renal impairment who require frequent hospitalizations or dialysis must undergo the rigorous process known as hemodialysis (HD). Hemodialysis is a complex treatment for people who require frequent hospital or dialysis appointments, typically three times each week. We aim to explore the quality of life of hemodialysis patients and their complications.

Correction: Sustainable polymeric adsorbents for adsorption-based water remediation and pathogen deactivation: a review.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D4RA05269B.].

Sustainable polymeric adsorbents for adsorption-based water remediation and pathogen deactivation: a review.

Water is a fundamental resource, yet various contaminants increasingly threaten its quality, necessitating effective remediation strategies. Sustainable polymeric adsorbents have emerged as promising materials in adsorption-based water remediation technologies, particularly for the removal of contaminants and deactivation of water-borne pathogens. Pathogenetic water contamination, which involves the presence of harmful bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms, poses a significant threat to public health.

Determinants of Patient Satisfaction with Discharge Pharmacy Services at a Tertiary Care Center in Jeddah, KSA.

Purpose: Patient satisfaction with pharmacy services, particularly in outpatient and discharge pharmacy settings, has become a vital metric for assessing medical quality. However, there's limited research on patient satisfaction in discharge pharmacy services in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). This study aims to systematically investigate and delineate the various patient-related and non-patient-related factors that significantly impact patient satisfaction in the realm of discharge pharmacy services.

EFFECT OF ENLARGED ADENOIDS AND TONSILS ON BLOOD OXYGEN SATURATION IN AL BAHA, SAUDI ARABIA.

Introduction: The adenoids and palatine tonsils, part of the lymphoid tissue, act as a first line of defense protecting the lower airways and gastrointestinal tract. Adenotonsillar hypertrophy in children may lead to airway obstruction. This study aims to demonstrate the association between adenotonsillar hypertrophy and decreased blood oxygen saturation.

The Relationship Between Gestational Diabetes and Postpartum Depression: A Systematic Review.

This study aims to examine the relationship between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and the likelihood of postpartum depression (PPD) symptoms. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and the Wiley Online Library were systematically searched for relevant literature. Our results included eight studies with a total of 4,209 women diagnosed with GDM and/or PPD.

Unravelling drought and salinity stress responses in barley genotypes: physiological, biochemical, and molecular insights.

In the face of escalating environmental challenges, understanding crop responses to abiotic stress is pivotal for sustainable agriculture. The present study meticulously investigates the intricate interplay between drought and salinity stress in barley ( L.).

The impact of imposter syndrome on self-esteem and intention to quit among respiratory therapy (RT) students in Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: Imposter syndrome is common among health disciplinary students, leading to serious consequences. However, the impact of imposter syndrome on self-esteem and quitting intention among respiratory therapy students has not been well researched.

Objective: To report on the prevalence of imposter syndrome and assess its impacts on self-esteem and quitting intention among respiratory therapy students in Saudi Arabia.

Drug-coated balloons versus conventional percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for treatment-naïve dysfunctional arteriovenous fistulas.: A 10-year single center retrospective study.

Objectives: To compare the primary patency and restenosis rates in treatment naieve dialysis arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) after drug-coated balloons (DCB) versus plain balloon angioplasty (PTA).

Methods: This retrospective study included 157 patients who underwent AVF angioplasty for treatment-native AVF stenosis between January 2012 to 2022. The fistulas were Brachiocephalic (75%), Brachiobasilic (17%), and radiocephalic (8%).

Transplantation of hyaluronic acid and menstrual blood-derived stem cells accelerated wound healing in a diabetic rat model.

Diabetic wounds require a multifactorial approach because several factors are involved in its occurrence. Herein we investigated whether transplantation of hyaluronic acid (HA) in combination with menstrual blood derived stem cells (MenSCs) could promote healing in diabetic rats. Thirty days after induction of diabetes, sixty animals were randomly planned into four equal groups: the untreated group, HA group, MenSC group, and HA+MenSC group.

Fabrication of Erbium-Doped Upconversion Nanoparticles and Carbon Quantum Dots for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells.

Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have emerged as promising candidates for enhancing both the stability and efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Their rising prominence is attributed to their dual capabilities: they effectively passivate the surfaces of perovskite-sensitive materials while simultaneously serving as efficient spectrum converters for sunlight. In this work, we synthesized UCNPs doped with erbium ions as down/upconverting ions for ultraviolet (UV) and near-infrared (NIR) light harvesting.

Comparing Actual and Rounded Serum Creatinine Concentration for Assessing the Accuracy of Vancomycin Dosing in Elderly Patients: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Prescribers often face the challenge of predicting creatinine clearance (CrCl) in elderly patients who are 65 years or older and have serum creatinine (SCr) concentrations below 1 mg/dL. Studies have shown that utilizing rounded SCr would underestimate CrCl in this population, which could lead to the under-dosing of some medications like vancomycin. The current study aimed to compare the accuracy of vancomycin dosing using actual SCr versus rounded SCr to 1 mg/dL in elderly patients.

Sella turcica bridging as a potential diagnostic tool for dental anomalies: A retrospective cross-sectional study at university dental hospital.

Background: A lateral cephalogram is an essential diagnostic record for an orthodontist. It is used for diagnosis and treatment planning. This can be a prediction tool as well for developing anomalies of the skeletal, dental, and soft tissues of the head and neck.

Knowledge, Perception, and Associated Factors of Electronic Cigarette Consumption Among the Saudi Population in Jeddah City.

Introduction Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are rising in popularity among young adults and teenagers. Previous studies have shown that among high and middle schoolers, the percentage of e-cigarette smokers was noticeably higher than tobacco cigarette smokers. Various research papers focusing on different communities have reported a low-to-moderate level of knowledge and awareness of e-cigarette's effects on health.

Preparation and Characterization of Uniform and Controlled Silica Encapsulating on Lithium Yttrium Fluoride-Based Upconversion Nanoparticles.

In this work, we present an advancement in the encapsulation of lithium yttrium fluoride-based (YLiF:Yb,Er) upconversion nanocrystals (UCNPs) with silica (SiO) shells through a reverse microemulsion technique, achieving UCNPs@SiO core/shell structures. Key parameters of this approach were optimized to eliminate the occurrence of core-free silica particles and ensure a controlled silica shell thickness growth on the UCNPs. The optimal conditions for this method were using 6 mg of UCNPs, 1.

Development and psychometric evaluation of the asthma Action plan questionnaire (AAPQ).

Objective: To develop a practical and psychometrically sound tool to evaluate caregiver knowledge of their child's asthma action plan (AAP).

Methods: A pilot study was conducted in a sample of 40 caregivers of children with asthma to assess the content validity, item difficulty, and item discrimination of the Asthma Action Plan Questionnaire (AAPQ). The inter-rater and intra-rater agreement of the AAPQ's scoring rubric were also examined.

Knowledge about Breast Cancer and Barriers to Screening among Saudi Women in Al-Baha Region.

Objective: The aim of this study was to measure the knowledge about breast cancer and to identify the barriers in screening among Saudi women in the Al-Baha region. To achieve this, a cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 468 women, to assess their understanding of breast cancer and to explore the obstacles they face in accessing breast cancer screening services.

Methods: The cross-sectional study included 468 women from Al Baha, Saudi Arabia, starting from May 17, 2022, to May 17, 2023.

Novel Nanocomposites for Luminescent Thermometry with Two Different Modalities.

In this work, we successfully integrated fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) and lanthanide ion-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) in a nanocomposite structure for simultaneous optical temperature sensing. The effective integration of FND and UCNP shells was confirmed by employing high-resolution TEM imaging, X-ray diffraction, and dual-excitation optical spectroscopy. Furthermore, the synthesized ND@UCNP nanocomposites were tested by making simultaneous optical temperature measurements, and the detected temperatures showed excellent agreement within their sensitivity limit.