Purified diets containing high levels of soluble fiber and grain-based diets promote similar gastrointestinal morphometry yet distinct microbial communities.

Unlabelled: Dietary fibers play a crucial role in shaping the gut microbiome and influencing gastrointestinal (GI) physiology. Grain-based diets (GBDs) are widely used in rodent studies, but their utility is limited due to batch-to-batch variability resulting from inconsistent ingredients. Purified diets (PDs) are composed of only known and refined ingredients and offer a solution to the constraints of GBDs.

A family portrait of human brain cells.

A cell census provides information on the source of human brain specialization.

Anterior thalamic circuits crucial for working memory.

Alterations in the structure and functional connectivity of anterior thalamic nuclei (ATN) have been linked to reduced cognition during aging. However, ATN circuits that contribute to higher cognitive functions remain understudied. We found that the anteroventral (AV) subdivision of ATN is necessary specifically during the maintenance phase of a spatial working memory task.

Risk Indicators and Treatment Needs of Children 2-5 Years of Age Receiving Dental Treatment under General Anesthesia in Saskatchewan.

Background: When compared to national averages in Canada, Saskatchewan has one of the highest rates of dental treatment under general anesthesia (GA) and average costs per child. Thus, the purpose of this cross-sectional study is to explore the risk indicators and treatment needs of children receiving dental treatment under GA in Saskatchewan.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we recruited caregivers of children between 24 and 71 months of age in Saskatoon, Canada.