A meta-analysis of the American college of surgeons risk calculator's predictive accuracy among different surgical sub-specialties.

Background: The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) provides risk estimates of postoperative complications. While several studies have examined the accuracy of the ACS-Surgical Risk Calculator (SRC) within a single specialty, the respective conclusions are limited by sample size. We sought to conduct a meta-analysis to determine the accuracy of the ACS-SRC among various surgical specialties.

3D-ink-extruded titanium scaffolds with porous struts and bioactive supramolecular polymers for orthopedic implants.

Porous titanium addresses the longstanding orthopedic challenges of aseptic loosening and stress shielding. This work expands on the evolution of porous Ti with the manufacturing of hierarchically porous, low stiffness, ductile Ti scaffolds via direct-ink write (DIW) extrusion and sintering of inks containing Ti and NaCl particles. Scaffold macrochannels were filled with a subtherapeutic dose of recombinant bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) alone or co-delivered within a bioactive supramolecular polymer slurry (SPS) composed of peptide amphiphile nanofibrils and collagen, creating four treatment conditions (Ti struts: microporous vs.

A Mechanistic and Preclinical Assessment of BioRestore Bioactive Glass as a Synthetic Bone Graft Extender and Substitute for Osteoinduction and Spine Fusion.

Study Design: Preclinical animal study.

Objective: Evaluate the osteoinductivity and bone regenerative capacity of BioRestore bioactive glass.

Summary Of Background Data: BioRestore is a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved bone void filler that has not yet been evaluated as a bone graft extender or substitute for spine fusion.

The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Orthopedic Surgery-a Narrative Review.

Purpose Of Review: The importance of the gut microbiome has received increasing attention in recent years. New literature has revealed significant associations between gut health and various orthopedic disorders, as well as the potential for interventions targeting the gut microbiome to prevent disease and improve musculoskeletal outcomes. We provide a broad overview of available literature discussing the links between the gut microbiome and pathogenesis and management of orthopedic disorders.

Advances in Synthetic Grafts in Spinal Fusion Surgery.

Degenerative spine disease is increasing in prevalence as the global population ages, indicating a need for targeted therapies and continued innovations. While autograft and allograft have historically demonstrated robust results in spine fusion surgery, they have significant limitations and associated complications such as infection, donor site morbidity and pain, and neurovascular injury. Synthetic grafts may provide similar success while mitigating negative outcomes.

Congenital Cervical Stenosis: a Review of the Current Literature.

Purpose Of Review: Congenital cervical stenosis (CCS) is a phenomenon in which an individual has a narrow canal due to abnormal anatomy which can present with earlier degenerative symptoms due to a reduced sagittal diameter. The diagnosis of CCS is important to individual treatment and preventative measures. Often, athletes are warned against sport participation that may cause damage to the cervical spine.

The Role of Cervical Disc Arthroplasty in Elite Athletes.

Purpose Of Review: Cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) for the treatment of symptomatic cervical disc herniations (CDH) is a promising treatment for professional athletes. In recent years, a number of high-profile athletes have returned to professional play within three months after CDA, raising important questions about the potential of this procedure within this patient group. We provide the first comprehensive review of available literature for the safety and efficacy of CDA in professional contact sport athletes.

The Top 50 Most Cited Articles on the Medial Patellofemoral Ligament (MPFL): A Bibliometric Analysis.

Objectives: To determine which original articles on the topic of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) have been cited the most in the literature utilizing a bibliometric approach. Secondarily, to determine temporal trends between article types.

Methods: Articles on the topic of the MPFL were identified by utilizing the Web of Science Database.

The Role of Preoperative Vitamin D in Spine Surgery.

Purpose Of Review: Vitamin D is an essential micronutrient for human bone health and maintenance. Patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery with hypovitaminosis D may be at greater risk for worsened clinical outcomes. This narrative review aims to compile the current literature studying the effects of low preoperative vitamin D on spine surgery outcomes, creating a resource that clinicians can use to inform their practice.

Imaging findings and interventional management of deep venous thrombosis.

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a subtype of venous thromboembolism. Lower extremity DVT affects about 1-2% of hospitalized patients. If not managed properly, these thrombi can embolize, causing further complications.

Biographies of international women leaders in neurosurgery.

We received so many biographies of women neurosurgery leaders for this issue that only a selection could be condensed here. In all of them, the essence of a leader shines through. Many are included as "first" of their country or color or other achievement.

Superior Colliculus Lesions Lead to Disrupted Responses to Light in Diurnal Grass Rats (.

The circadian system regulates daily rhythms of physiology and behavior. Although extraordinary advances have been made to elucidate the brain mechanisms underlying the circadian system in nocturnal species, less is known in diurnal species. Recent studies have shown that retinorecipient brain areas such as the intergeniculate leaflet (IGL) and olivary pretectal nucleus (OPT) are critical for the display of normal patterns of daily activity in diurnal grass rats ().

The effects of ambient temperature and lighting intensity on wheel-running behavior in a diurnal rodent, the Nile grass rat (Arvicanthis niloticus).

Environmental conditions, such as the light-dark cycle and temperature, affect the display of circadian rhythmicity and locomotor activity patterns in mammals. Here, we tested the hypothesis that manipulating these environmental conditions would affect wheel-running activity patterns in a diurnal rodent, the Nile grass rat (Arvicanthis niloticus). Grass rats are diurnal in the field, however, a subset switch from a day-active pattern to a night-active pattern of activity after the introduction of a running wheel.