The Impact of Time Interval between Extubation and Reintubation on Death or Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Extremely Preterm Infants.

Objective: To explore the relation between time to reintubation and death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in extremely preterm infants.

Study Design: This was a subanalysis from an ongoing multicenter observational study. Infants with birth weight ≤1250 g, requiring mechanical ventilation, and undergoing their first elective extubation were prospectively followed throughout hospitalization.

Ambient Noise Production by High-Frequency Neonatal Ventilators.

Objective: To assess sound levels of 4 high-frequency neonatal ventilators to determine whether there is a safety benefit in using modern high-frequency ventilators compared with older models.

Study Design: We performed a bench study comparing noise production of the Sensormedics 3100A Oscillator, Bunnell Life Pulse Jet Ventilators Model 203 and Model 204, and Dräger VN500 in high-frequency mode. A wide range of ventilation settings was examined.

Patterns of reintubation in extremely preterm infants: a longitudinal cohort study.

BackgroundThe optimal approach for reporting reintubation rates in extremely preterm infants is unknown. This study aims to longitudinally describe patterns of reintubation in this population over a broad range of observation windows following extubation.MethodsTiming and reasons for reintubation following a first planned extubation were collected from infants with birth weight ≤1,250 g.

dbPTB: a database for preterm birth.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) query the entire genome in a hypothesis-free, unbiased manner. Since they have the potential for identifying novel genetic variants, they have become a very popular approach to the investigation of complex diseases. Nonetheless, since the success of the GWAS approach varies widely, the identification of genetic variants for complex diseases remains a difficult problem.

Maternal depression and anxiety are associated with altered gene expression in the human placenta without modification by antidepressant use: implications for fetal programming.

We sought to determine if maternal depression, anxiety, and/or treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) affect placental human serotonin transporter (SLC6A4), norepinephrine transporter (SLC6A2), and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD2) gene expression. Relative mRNA expression was compared among placental samples (n = 164) from healthy women, women with untreated depression and/or anxiety symptoms during pregnancy, and women who used SSRIs. SLC6A4 expression was significantly increased in placentas from women with untreated mood disorders and from women treated with SSRIs, compared to controls.