[How Sound Modulates Response to Light when Using Various Temporal Intervals between Stimuli of Different Modalities].

Extracellular activity of 34 primary visual cortex neurons of the rabbit was recorded in response to audiovisual stimulation with stimulus onset asynchronies (SOA) in range from -750 to + 150 ms (15 ranges in total). Auditory stimulus: 2000 Hz, 70 dB, 40 ms. Visual stimuli: two weak intensities 0.

[Sound affects the discrimination of weak intensities of light in the visual cortex of the rabbit depending on time intervals between sound and light].

In this paper, we researched an influence of sound (2000 Hz, 70 dB, 40 ms) to the discrimination of low-light intensities (0.3 and 1 cd/m2) in the visual cortex of the rabbit. We used a recording of evoked potentials from the visual cortex of awaked rabbits in chronic experiments.

[Specific modulation of neuronal responses to light of different intensities by sound in the rabbit's primary visual cortex].

Changes in activity of 92 neurons in the primary visual cortex of four rabbits (Orictolagus cuniculus) were analyzed. In the first series of experiments, we recorded discharges of 63 neurons in response to replacement of visual stimuli in pairs (pairs of 0.28 - 1, 1 - 3, 3 - 6, 6 - 8.

[Sound improves distinction of low intensities of light in the visual cortex of a rabbit].

Electrodes were implanted into cranium above the primary visual cortex of four rabbits (Orictolagus cuniculus). At the first stage, visual evoked potentials (VEPs) were recorded in response to substitution of threshold visual stimuli (0.28 and 0.

[Responses of rabbit's visual cortex neurons to changes in intensity and orientation of visual stimuli].

Changes in the number of spikes in the early phasic discharge (50-90 ms from stimuli replacement) of neurons in the rabbit's primary visual cortex were studied under conditions of an instant change in a flashing-line pattern. We used three type of stimulation: lines with different orientations (0-90 degrees) but constant intensity; lines with constant orientation but different intensities; complex stimuli with different intensities and different orientations of lines. Factor analysis made it possible to reconstruct two-dimensional sensory spaces of orientations in 13 of 43 analyzed neurons (30%).

Evoked potentials in the rabbit visual cortex reflect changes in line orientation and intensity.

Changes in the amplitudes of evoked potentials in the visual cortex of conscious rabbits in response to substitution of flashing lines of different orientations (0-90 degrees ) but constant intensity were studied, along with interneurons of different intensities but constant orientation, and complex stimuli with simultaneous changes in flash orientation and intensity. Factor analysis of the results showed that analysis of the N85 peak of evoked potentials produced by substitution of stimuli with different orientations but constant intensity identified a two-dimensional sensory space for orientations. An achromatic sensory space was also detected using substitution of lines of different intensities but constant orientation.

[Visual evoked potentials in rabbit's visual cortex reflect variations in orientation and intensity of lines].

Amplitude variations of visual evoked potentials (VEP) in rabbit were studied using changes of three types of stimuli: lines with different orientations (0-90 degree) but constant in intensity, lines with different intensities but constant in orientation, and complex stimuli with different intensities and different orientations. Factor analysis of component N85 of VEP to stimuli with varying orientation and constant intensity revealed two-dimensional sensorial space of orientations. Also, the two-dimensional achromatic sensorial space was revealed for stimuli different only in intensities.

Coding of luminance and color differences on neurons in the rabbit's visual system.

The neuronal activity in the rabbit's visual cortex, lateral geniculate nucleus and superior colliculus was investigated in responses to 8 color stimuli changes in pairs. This activity consisted of phasic responses (50-90 and 130-300 Ms after stimuli changes) and tonic response (after 300 Ms). The phasic responses used as a basis for the matrices (8 x 8) constructed for each neuron included the average of spikes/sec in responses to all stimuli changes.

Assessment of brightness and color differences by neurons in the superior colliculus of the rabbit.

The responses of 83 neurons in the rabbit superior colliculus to substitution of color stimuli of different brightnesses and black-and-white stimuli of different intensities were studied. Superior colliculus neurons were found to respond with initial and late phasic discharges (over the periods 50-90 msec and 120-300 msec from the moment of stimulus substitution respectively), along with prolonged tonic discharges whose spike frequencies depended on the intensity of the stimulus. Analysis of the phasic responses of the neurons allowed three groups of cells to be identified.

[Estimation of color and brightness differences by neurons in the rabbit superior colliculus].

Changes in activity of 83 neurons in the rabbit colliculus superior evoked by the replacement of eight color and eight achromatic stimuli in pairs were analyzed. It was found out that neurons displayed the early and late phasic responses (within 50-90 and 120-300 ms respectively, after the replacement) and long-term tonic response component, which depended on stimuli intensity. Analysis of phasic component revealed three neuronal groups.

Computation of color and brightness differences by neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus of the rabbit.

The responses of 51 neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus of the rabbit to substitution of colored stimuli different brightness and stimuli differing only in intensity were studied. Neurons in the geniculate nucleus, like neurons in the visual cortex, were found to respond with initial phasic discharges at 50-90 msec after stimulus substitution, the magnitudes of these responses correlating with the interstimulus differences; neurons also showed prolonged tonic responses in which the spike frequency depended on the intensity of the stimulus presented. Analysis of phasic responses allowed two groups of neurons to be identified: some were specialized to discriminate stimulus intensity only, while others were specialized to discriminate both the intensity and the color tone of the stimulus.

[Computation of responses to color and brightness differences of neurons in the rabbit lateral geniculate nucleus].

Changes in activity of 51 neurons in the rabbit lateral geniculate nucleus evoked by the replacement of eight color and eight achromatic stimuli in pairs were analyzed. It was found that neurons displayed the earliest phasic (within 50-90 ms after the replacement) and tonic response components. The earliest component strongly correlated with differences between stimuli, whereas the tonic component depended on stimuli intensity.

[The biological rhythms of cardiac activity based on cardiointervalography in children with rheumatism during readaptation after sanatorium treatment].

Heart rate as an integral characteristic of systemic condition in rheumatism was studied in 11-13-year-old children with rheumatic heart disease. The children achieved remission by clinical and laboratory tests and were experiencing postsanatorium readaptation. Pretreatment amplitude of the fluctuations from the mean circadian values were reduced in the patients compared to healthy controls.

[The effect of geophysical and meteorological factors on the course of chronic obstructive lung diseases at a low-mountain altitude].

In the climate of north Kirghizia meteoropathologic reactions arise in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis in the time of cold atmospheric front passing, are spastic, phasic, associated with pulmonary circulation and growing generalized bronchial obstruction. Prefrontal period (weather hypoxia) is meteoropathogenic for asthmatics who are responsive to geophysical disturbances influencing obstruction of the small bronchi.

[The rehabilitative treatment of children with bronchial asthma].

Staged regimen of decimetric wave electromagnetic therapy and microclimate of high altitude salt mines were used in sanatorium treatment of children with bronchial asthma. Pretreatment with the above magnetic field induced positive changes in the reflex-segmental zone which reflected in better adaptation to the high altitude climate. The latter promoted beneficial rearrangement of respiratory function and cardiovascular system.

[The correction of hypoxic damage to the pulmonary surfactant system of rats with extremely high-frequency electromagnetic fields].

54 white rats were studied physically, histochemically and morphometrically for the effect of EHF electromagnetic field on repair of the lung surfactant system. The damage was inflicted by acute hypoxia existing at the altitude of 9000 m above the sea level simulated in the chamber. For the period studied natural repair was unable to secure the return to normal structure and function of the surfactant system, whereas daily 20-minute exposures to millimetric waves on the chest stimulated repair on after-exposure day 1-5 and provided normalization of all the physical and morphometric parameters.

[The use of EHF therapy in the rehabilitation of patients with chronic bronchitis at a moderate altitude].

Patients treated in mid-altitude conditions for chronic bronchitis were exposed to EHF radiation. As shown by positive changes in external respiration, systemic and pulmonary hemodynamics, immune status, surface activity of lung surfactant, EHF therapy is effective in chronic bronchitis with ventilation disorders. The more severe these disorders were, the more marked the benefit was.