Attitudes of support people: a key element when implementing technologies for people with intellectual and visual disabilities.

Aim: The degree to which people with intellectual and visual disabilities can use technology relies on the level of support they receive. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the relationship between the constructs effort expectancy, attitudes, and behavioural intentions of support people (i.e.

Family Resilience Affecting Well-Being of Families With a Child With Profound Intellectual and Multiple Disabilities.

Persons with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) have pervasive support needs, which are often managed by their families. By being resilient and positively adapting to this challenge, families may maintain a positive family quality of life (FQOL). We therefore aimed to understand how families with a child with PIMD experience their family resilience, and if and how it affects their FQOL.

Physical health conditions in young children with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities: The prevalence and associations between these conditions.

Background: It is thought that physical health conditions start at a young age in people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD). Knowledge regarding the prevalence, associations and development of these physical health conditions could be used for purposes of prevention as well as appropriate care and support but is currently lacking.

Objective: The aim of this study is to gain insight into the prevalence of physical health conditions and associations between these conditions in young children with PIMD.

From assistive to inclusive? A systematic review of the uses and effects of technology to support people with pervasive support needs.

Background: Although particular technologies can enhance the quality of life (QoL) of people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (we use the term pervasive support needs), their objectives and outcomes are understudied. A systematic literature review was therefore conducted to explore this topic.

Method: A search of four databases yielded 64 studies.

Transition to adulthood of adolescents with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities: Content validation of the SGU-PIMD to support families.

Background: For families with adolescent children, the transition to adulthood is usually challenging. This period may be extra demanding for families with a child with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities due to the child's strong and persistent support needs. To support these families during this phase and to facilitate the transition process of these adolescents, we adapted the Canadian skills for growing up (SGU) into the skills for growing up-profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (SGU-PIMD).

The roles of adult siblings of individuals with a profound intellectual disability.

Background: Adult siblings are important in the lives of individuals with profound intellectual disabilities, especially as parents age. However, little is known about the roles they assume.

Method: We examined these roles among 58 participants from the Netherlands, who completed an online questionnaire.

Dementia in People with Severe/Profound Intellectual (And Multiple) Disabilities, and Its Natural History.

Introduction: Although the prevalence of dementia increases among people with severe/profound intellectual (and multiple) disabilities (SPI(M)D), dementia in people with SPI(M)D is not yet fully understood. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the natural history of dementia in people with SPI(M)D, in particular, the prevalence and time of onset of dementia symptoms.

Methods: An explorative retrospective review of clinical records was conducted for people with SPI(M)D without dementia ( = 103), with questionable dementia ( = 19), and with diagnosed dementia ( = 19).

Reliable assessment of pain behaviour in adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities: The development of an instruction protocol.

Background: Persons with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) are vulnerable when it comes to experiencing pain. Reliable assessment of pain-related behaviour in these persons is difficult. Aim To determine how pain items can be reliably scored in adults with PIMD.

Support needs of families with a child with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities.

Families with a child with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) have to manage the child's pervasive support needs. To ensure that families are able to manage these needs, they should be properly supported. However, knowledge about the specific support needs of these families is sparse and fragmented, nor is it known if and which needs are age-specific.

Dementia in People with Severe/Profound Intellectual (and Multiple) Disabilities: Practice-Based Observations of Symptoms.

Introduction: Observable dementia symptoms are hardly studied in people with severe/profound intellectual (and multiple) disabilities (SPI(M)D). Insight in symptomatology is needed for timely signaling/diagnosis. This study aimed to identify practice-based observations of dementia symptoms in this population.

Behaviour change techniques used in lifestyle support of adults with mild intellectual disabilities.

Background: Professional caregivers are important in the daily support of lifestyle change for adults with mild intellectual disabilities; however, little is known about which behaviour change techniques (BCTs) are actually used. This study aims to gain insight in their use for lifestyle behaviour change using video observations.

Methods: Professional caregivers (N = 14) were observed in daily work supporting adults with mild intellectual disabilities.

Definitions, signs, and symptoms of constipation in people with severe or profound intellectual disabilities: A systematic review.

Background: It is difficult to diagnose constipation for people with severe or profound intellectual disabilities. Definitions for this are ambiguous, and the symptoms and signs are often unnoticed. The aim of this study is to identify clear definitions of constipation for people with different levels of intellectual disabilities and to identify signs and symptoms.

Development of a Dutch Training/Education Program for a Healthy Lifestyle of People With Intellectual Disability.

Individuals with intellectual disability (ID) need support from direct support professionals (DSPs) to engage in a healthy lifestyle. However, literature shows DSPs feel insufficiently equipped to support a healthy lifestyle. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop a theory-based program for DSPs to support physical activity and healthy nutrition for people with moderate to profound levels of ID, and to design its evaluation.

The neglected puzzle of dementia in people with severe/profound intellectual disabilities: A systematic literature review of observable symptoms.

Background: Dementia is increasingly prevalent in people with severe/profound intellectual disabilities. However, early detection and diagnosis of dementia is complex in this population. This study aimed to identify observable dementia symptoms in adults with severe/profound intellectual disabilities in available literature.

Dementia in people with severe or profound intellectual (and multiple) disabilities: Focus group research into relevance, symptoms and training needs.

Background: Differentiating dementia from baseline level of functioning is difficult among people with severe/profound intellectual (and multiple) disabilities. Moreover, studies on observable dementia symptoms are scarce. This study examined (a) the relevance of dementia diagnosis, (b) observable symptoms and (c) training/information needs.

Development and process evaluation of a motor activity program for people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities.

Background: The support of people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) rarely focused on motor activity, which might have negative consequences for the quality of life of these people. Evidence-based motor activity programs that present individually tailored and structural motor activity for these people are, regretfully, lacking. This study developed such a program for these people and evaluated the implementation process.

Use of behaviour change techniques by direct support professionals to support healthy lifestyle behaviour for people with moderate to profound intellectual disabilities.

Background: Behaviour change techniques (BCTs) can be employed to support a healthy lifestyle for people with intellectual disabilities. The aim of this study is to determine whether and which BCTs are used by direct support professionals (DSPs) for supporting healthy lifestyle behaviour of people with moderate to profound intellectual disabilities.

Method: Direct support professionals (n = 18) were observed in their daily work using audio-visual recordings.

Intervention effects on professionals' attitudes towards the participation of adults with visual and severe or profound intellectual disabilities.

Background: We investigated the effects of the "Care for Participation+" (CFP+) intervention on direct support professionals' (DSPs') attitudes regarding the participation of adults with visual and severe or profound intellectual disabilities (VSPID).

Methods: We implemented a pilot non-randomized controlled trial with two control groups to compare DSPs' attitudes towards CFP+ using the Attitudes towards Participation Questionnaire (APQ) and DSPs' written profiles of adults with VSPID.

Results: CPP+ and the Participation Mind Map control group showed a positive trend for the "leisure/recreation," "social relations," and "ability to act" APQ domains compared to the usual care control group.

Construct validity of the Actiwatch-2 for assessing movement in people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities.

Background: Valid measures to assess either small or assisted performed movements of people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) are required. We analysed the construct validity of the Actiwatch-2 to assess movement in people with PIMD.

Method: Twenty-two persons with PIMD were video recorded while wearing an Actiwatch-2.

Improving the participation of adults with visual and severe or profound intellectual disabilities: a process evaluation of a new intervention.

Background: While the participation of adults with visual and severe or profound intellectual disabilities (VSPID) in society and community life is important, evidence-based interventions to improve their participation are lacking. We conducted a process evaluation of the implementation of 'Care for Participation+' (CFP+), a new intervention targeting the attitudes of direct support professionals (DSPs) toward the participation of adults with VSPID, within a residential facility in the Netherlands.

Methods: CFP+ was inspired by the Boston Psychiatric Rehabilitation Approach and adapted by adopting a new definition and operationalization of the concept of participation for adults with VSPID.

Progressive resistance training for persons with intellectual disabilities and visual impairment.

Background: Knowledge concerning the feasibility and effects of progressive resistance training (PRT) for persons with intellectual disabilities and visual impairment who are categorized in Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) Level 1 is limited. The aim of our study was to evaluate feasibility and effect of PRT on participants' Quadriceps strength and personal goals.

Methods: Eight Participants followed a PRT program for 10 weeks.

The convergent validity of a Dutch Screening tool for Dysphagia (Signaleringslijst Verslikken) for people with severe or profound intellectual and multiple disabilities.

Background: Dysphagia is potentially life-threatening and highly prevalent in people with severe/profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (SPIMD). The "Signaleringslijst Verslikken" (SV) is a frequently used Dutch screening tool to detect dysphagia. The aim was to examine the convergent validity of the SV for people with SPIMD.

Examining determinants of lifestyle interventions targeting persons with intellectual disabilities supported by healthcare organizations: Usability of the Measurement Instrument for Determinants of Innovations.

Background: Due to complex processes of implementation of innovations aimed at persons with intellectual disabilities in healthcare organizations, lifestyle interventions are not used as intended or not used at all. In order to provide insight into determinants influencing this implementation, this study aims to ascertain if the Measurement Instrument for Determinants of Innovations (MIDI) is useful for objectively evaluating implementation.

Method: With semi-structured interviews, data concerning determinants of implementation of lifestyle interventions were aggregated.

Exploration of suitable behaviour change techniques for lifestyle change in individuals with mild intellectual disabilities: A Delphi study.

Background: Promotion of a healthy lifestyle for individuals with mild intellectual disabilities is important. However, the suitability of behaviour change techniques (BCTs) for these individuals is still unclear.

Methods: A Delphi study was performed using the Coventry, Aberdeen & LOndon - REfined (CALO-RE) taxonomy of BCTs (n = 40).

Participation of adults with visual and severe or profound intellectual disabilities: Analysis of individual support plans.

Background: The extent of participation of adults with visual and severe or profound intellectual disabilities (VSPID) is unclear.

Aims: To explore participation of adults with VSPID and the association between occurrence and importance of aspects of participation.

Methods: Individual support plans (ISPs) of 40 adults with VSPID were analyzed: selected text fragments were categorized according to 125 previously operationalized statements that had different levels of importance and were divided into seven participation clusters.