Congenital bilateral cataracts in newborns exposed to elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor in utero and while breast feeding.

Elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor (ETI) is known to pass through the placenta and into breast milk in mothers who continue on this therapy while pregnant and breast feeding. Toxicity studies of ivacaftor in rats demonstrated infant cataracts, but cataracts were not reported in human infants exposed to ivacaftor. We describe 3 cases of infants exposed to elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor (ETI) in utero and while breast feeding who were found to have bilateral congenital cataracts within six months of birth.

Clinical Outcomes After Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Implantation for Pediatric Glaucoma After Congenital Cataract Surgery.

Prcis: Ahmed valve success for glaucoma following congenital cataract surgery lasts at least 5 years in most eyes, and >10 years in some cases. The procedure is a valuable option for these patients.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to report on the results of Ahmed valve implantation in children with glaucoma following congenital cataract surgery.

[CHILDHOOD GLAUCOMA].

"Childhood glaucoma" is a heterogenic group of diseases, characterized by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) associated with optic-disc damage and other ocular comorbidities. Diagnosis requires two or more of the following: elevated IOP, optic nerve damage, enlarged cornea or Descemet's membrane ruptures, enlarged eye, high myopia and visual field defects. Childhood glaucoma is classified as primary if it occurs as an isolated ocular disease, and secondary, when the disease occurs along with other ocular anomalies or systemic diseases such as Neurofibromatosis and Sturge-Weber, or with acquired conditions such as uveitis complications, ocular trauma, cataract surgery, as well as from systemic and ocular steroid use.

Ex-PRESS Miniature Glaucoma Shunt Versus Ahmed Glaucoma Valve in the Surgical Treatment of Glaucoma in Pseudophakic Patients.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the 3-year outcome of Ex-PRESS miniature glaucoma shunt versus Ahmed glaucoma valve in pseudophakic patients.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients with a history of clear corneal phacoemulsification alone, or failed trabeculectomy following phacoemulsification, who subsequently underwent Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation or Ex-PRESS shunt surgery. The main outcome measure, surgical success, was defined as an intraocular pressure between 5 and 21 mm Hg and a 20% intraocular pressure reduction from baseline (with/without glaucoma medications) without glaucoma reoperation.

Use of Autologous Scleral Graft in Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Surgery.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of an autoscleral free-flap graft versus an autoscleral rotational flap graft in Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) surgery.

Patients And Methods: Medical records (2005 to 2012) of 51 consecutive patients (51 eyes) who underwent AGV surgery with the use of either an autoscleral free-flap graft or an autoscleral rotational flap graft to cover the external tube at the limbus were retrieved for review. The main outcome measure was the incidence of tube exposure associated with each surgical approach.

Genotype/phenotype correlation in primary congenital glaucoma patients from different ethnic groups of the Israeli population.

Purpose: To investigate the roles of CYP1B1 and MYOC mutations and characterize the phenotype of primary congenital glaucoma in Israeli patients from 3 different ethnic backgrounds.

Design: Interventional case series.

Methods: This institutional study included 34 Israeli primary congenital glaucoma patients (26 families) comprising 9 Jews (9 families), 17 non-Bedouin Muslim Arabs (10 families), and 8 Druze (7 families).

Advances in evaluation and management of pediatric idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Purpose Of Review: Although the demographics of pediatric idiopathic intracranial hypertension have been well described, the best approaches to its management are less well defined. Recent advances in evaluation of optic nerve status make it easier to determine when and if more aggressive intervention is required. Medical and surgical approaches are discussed.

[Selective laser trabeculoplasty treatment for medication-refractory open angle glaucoma].

Background: Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) is a new method to reduce intraocular pressure in eyes with primary open angle glaucoma. The laser parameters are set to selectively target pigmented trabecular meshwork (TM) cells without damage to the adjacent non-pigmented tissue.

Purpose: A clinical retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the 12 months results of SLT in the treatment of medically uncontrolled open angle glaucoma.

Ophthalmic complications of dental anesthesia: three new cases.

Two patients had ipsilateral optic neuropathy and one patient had an ipsilateral abduction deficit and a dilated, poorly reactive pupil immediately after anesthesia of upper alveolar teeth. In one patient with optic neuropathy, the optic disc was not swollen, brain and orbit computed tomography (CT) was negative, and vision recovered completely within 2 weeks. In the other patient with optic neuropathy, the optic disc was swollen, brain and orbit CT were negative, and vision did not recover.