Differential Regulation of the EGFR/PI3K/AKT/PTEN Pathway between Low- and High-Grade Gliomas.

Gliomas represent 70% of all central system nervous tumors and are classified according to the degree of malignancy as low- or high-grade. The permanent activation of the EGFR/PI3K/AKT pathway by various genetic or post-translational alterations of EGFR, PI3KCA, and PTEN has been associated with increased proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. The present study aimed to analyze the molecular/genetic changes in the EGFR/PI3K/AKT/PTEN pathway between low-grade and high-grade gliomas in a sample of Colombian patients.

Human papillomavirus, Epstein-Barr virus, and Candida albicans co-infection in oral leukoplakia with different degrees of dysplasia.

Objectives: To identify human papillomavirus (HPV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and Candida albicans in oral leukoplakia with different degrees of dysplasia.

Materials And Methods: An observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study was performed using 30 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues from patients with clinical suspicion of leukoplakia and confirmed diagnosis of oral dysplasia. Histological analyses were performed by two pathologists (interobserver) and dysplasias were classified as mild, moderate, or severe.

Genotyping, levels of expression and physical status of human papilloma virus in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma among Colombian patients.

Introduction: One of the risk factors for squamous cell oropharyngeal carcinoma is infection with the human papilloma virus (HPV), with prevalences that vary depending on the geographical region. 

Objective: To identify the most frequent HPV viral types in oropharyngeal cancer, the levels of expression and the physical condition of the viral genome. 

Materials And Methods: Forty-six patients were included in the study from among those attending head and neck surgical services in the cities of Bogotá, Manizales and Bucaramanga.