Reference ranges for preductal oxygen saturation and heart rate in moderate and late preterm infants with deferred cord clamping.

Introduction: Moderate and late preterm (MLPT) infants represent a substantial percentage of all preterm infants and frequently need support in the delivery room (DR). Deferring cord clamping (DCC) improves SpO2 and heart rate (HR) stabilization in term infants. However, data on MLPT infants are limited.

Care bundle for preventing intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants: a best practice implementation project.

Introduction: Intraventricular hemorrhages remain a major problem in neonatology, because their complications affect neonatal morbidity, mortality, and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Aim: The aim of this project was to prevent intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants during their first days of life in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Methods: This pre- and post-implementation clinical audit project used the JBI Evidence Implementation Framework and was conducted in a tertiary-level Spanish NICU with a consecutive sample.

Consensus document for the kangaroo mother care method.

Introduction: Currently, kangaroo mother care (KMC) is an intervention whose implementation in clinical practice varies widely. The aim of this document is to gather the latest evidence-based recommendations in an attempt to reduce interprofessional variation and increase the quality of neonatal care.

Methods: The document was developed following the guidelines provided in the Methodological Manual for the Development of Clinical Practice Guidelines of the National Health System: formulation and prioritization of clinical questions, literature search, critical reading, development of the document and external review.

[The epidemiological survey as a key instrument for events of Public Health importance].

The epidemiological survey is one of the key instruments, both in Public Health alerts or emergencies, and in epidemiological surveillance. Its main objective is to obtain information quickly, systematically, uniformly and easily. It is characterized by being dynamic and flexible, in addition to offering the relevant descriptive information of the epidemiological event studied: person, place and time .

Searching molecular biomarkers correlating with BSID-III at 24 months in infants with neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

An early prediction of outcomes of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (NE) is of key importance in reducing neonatal mortality and morbidity. The objectives were (i) to analyze the characteristics of miRNA expression and metabolic patterns of neonates with NE and (ii) to assess their predictive performance for neurodevelopmental outcomes. Plasma samples from moderate/severe NE patients (N = 92) of the HYPOTOP study were collected before, during, and after therapeutic hypothermia (TH) and compared to a control group (healthy term infants).

Analysis of Fractional Cerebral Oxygen Extraction in Preterm Infants during the Kangaroo Care.

Introduction: We aimed to investigate the cerebral fractional tissue oxygen extraction (FtOE) during kangaroo care (KC) in premature infants and compare cardiorespiratory stability and hypoxic or bradycardic events between KC and incubator care.

Methods: A single-center prospective observational study was carried out at the NICU of a level 3 perinatal center. Preterm infants <32 weeks gestational age were subjected to KC.

Longitudinal perturbations of plasma nuclear magnetic resonance profiles in neonatal encephalopathy.

Background: Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is a major cause of mortality and severe neurological disability in the neonatal period and beyond. We hypothesized that the degree of brain injury is reflected in the molecular composition of peripheral blood samples.

Methods: A sub-cohort of 28 newborns included in the HYPOTOP trial was studied.

The association of salivary caffeine levels with serum concentrations in premature infants with apnea of prematurity.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this paper is to verify whether the concentrations of caffeine in saliva are comparable to serum concentrations in preterm infants who are treated with caffeine for apnea of prematurity. This is a prospective observational study. Eligible participants were newborn infants < 37 weeks of gestational age treated with oral or intravenous caffeine for apnea of prematurity.

Neurodevelopmental Outcome and Epigenetic Changes at 2 Years Associated with the Oxygen Load Received upon Postnatal Stabilization: A Pilot Study.

Introduction: The oxygen load provided to preterm infants during postnatal stabilization caused significant modifications of DNA methylation in the preterm epigenome. We aimed to assess if there was an association between DNA methylation changes and neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Methods: Preterm infants were followed until 2 years after birth.

Direct Derivatization in Dried Blood Spots for Oxidized and Reduced Glutathione Quantification in Newborns.

The glutathione (GSH)-to-glutathione disulfide (GSSG) ratio is an essential node contributing to intracellular redox status. GSH/GSSG determination in whole blood can be accomplished by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) after the derivatization of GSH with -ethylmaleimide (NEM). While this is feasible in a laboratory environment, its application in the clinical scenario is cumbersome and therefore ranges reported in similar populations differ noticeably.

Impact of Kangaroo Care on Premature Infants' Oxygenation: Systematic Review.

Introduction: Kangaroo care (KC) is defined by the World Health Organization as a method of care consisting in putting premature infants or newborns in skin-to-skin contact with their parents. KC is an effective method of promoting health and well-being of infants and their families. Physiological stability during KC has been widely analyzed, however with controversial results.

GC-MS analysis of short chain fatty acids and branched chain amino acids in urine and faeces samples from newborns and lactating mothers.

Background: Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) are frequently determined in faeces, and widely used as biomarkers of gut-microbiota activity. However, collection of faeces samples from neonates is not straightforward, and to date levels of these metabolites in newborn's faeces and urine samples have not been described.

Methods: A targeted gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method for the determination of SCFAs and BCAAs in both faeces and urine samples has been validated.

Use of the Ultrasound Technique as Compared to the Standard Technique for the Improvement of Venous Cannulation in Patients with Difficult Access.

(1) Objective. We aimed to demonstrate that the use of the ultrasound-guided technique facilitates peripheral venous cannulation as compared to the standard technique in patients with difficult access at emergency services. (2) Method.

Non-invasive monitoring of saliva can be used to identify oxidative stress biomarkers in preterm and term newborn infants.

Aim: The aim of this study was to appraise the feasibility and reproducibility of applying a validated analytical method to determine salivary oxidative stress biomarkers in newborn infants.

Methods: Prospective observational single-centre study was carried out in level III neonatal intensive care unit. Eligible patients were preterm infants and healthy full-term newborn infants.

Preventive bundle approach decreases the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in newborn infants.

Objective: We hypothesized that the implementation of evidence-based interventions shaping a bundle approach could significantly reduce the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Study Design: We conducted a prospective observational cohort study including neonates undergoing mechanical ventilation >48 h. VAP rate and endotracheal intubation ratio were compared before (pre-period) and after (post-period) applying VAP prevention bundle strategies.

Noninvasive monitoring of evolving urinary metabolic patterns in neonatal encephalopathy.

Background: Infants with moderate and severe neonatal encephalopathy (NE) frequently suffer from long-term adverse outcomes. We hypothesize that the urinary metabolome of newborns with NE reflects the evolution of injury patterns observed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: Eligible patients were newborn infants with perinatal asphyxia evolving to NE and qualifying for therapeutic hypothermia (TH) included in the HYPOTOP trial.