A Change of Paradigm in the Management of Acute Psychiatric Episodes? A Retrospective Cohort Study on Trajectories of Use of Clinical Resources After the Implementation of Intensive Home-Treatment.

Intensive home treatment (IHT) has shown to be a feasible alternative to hospitalization for the management of acute psychiatric episodes, but there are no real-world studies assessing if patients with a first IHT use it again for the management of their recurrences. The objectives of this retrospective cohort study were to map the use ofacute treatment resources after the implementation of IHT in our territory through the establishment of trajectories of management, and to disentangle if there are profiles of patients who fit better each trajectory. We included the first 1000 episodes admitted to IHT, of which we selected those that corresponded to the first IHT of a patient (index admission).

Recovery of SARS-CoV-2 from large volumes of raw wastewater is enhanced with the inuvai R180 system.

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) for severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a powerful tool to complement syndromic surveillance. Although detection of SARS-CoV-2 in raw wastewater may be prompted with good recoveries during periods of high community prevalence, in the early stages of population outbreaks concentration procedures are required to overcome low viral concentrations. Several methods have become available for the recovery of SARS-CoV-2 from raw wastewater, generally involving filtration.

The effectiveness of an individualized sleep and shift work education and coaching program to manage shift work disorder in nurses: a randomized controlled trial.

Study Objectives: While insomnia and sleepiness symptoms are common in shift workers, 20%-30% experience more severe symptoms and meet the criteria for shift work disorder (SWD). SWD can lead to impairments in cognitive function, physical and mental health, and reduced productivity and increased risk of workplace injury. The aim of this study was to deliver and evaluate a shift work individual management coaching program, focusing on sleep education, promoting good sleep hygiene, and providing individualized behavioral strategies to cope with shift schedules.

A wastewater-based epidemiology tool for COVID-19 surveillance in Portugal.

The presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in wastewater produced interest in its use for sentinel surveillance at a community level and as a complementary approach to syndromic surveillance. With this work, we set the foundations for wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) in Portugal by monitoring the trends of SARS-CoV-2 RNA circulation in the community, on a nationwide perspective during different epidemiological phases of the pandemic. The Charité assays (E_Sarbecco, RdRP, and N_Sarbecco) were applied to monitor, over 32-weeks (April to December 2020), the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 RNA at the inlet of five wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), which together serve more than two million people in Portugal.

Should We Lose Sleep Over Sleep Disturbances After Sports-Related Concussion? A Scoping Review of the Literature.

Objective: A single, severe traumatic brain injury can result in chronic sleep disturbances that can persist several years after the incident. In contrast, it is unclear whether there are sleep disturbances after a sports-related concussion (SRC). Considering growing evidence of links between sleep disturbance and neurodegeneration, this review examined the potential links between diagnosed SRCs and sleep disturbances to provide guidance for future studies.

Detection of antigens and anti-Toxocara canis antibodies in children with different asthma severities.

Introduction: Toxocara canis can produce or exacerbate asthma, and the detection of anti-T. canis immunoglobulin G (IgG) does not discriminate between recent infection or active larva migrans. In this study, we searched for T.

The role of sleep hygiene in the risk of Shift Work Disorder in nurses.

A high proportion (20%-30%) of shift workers experience Shift Work Disorder (SWD), characterized by chronic sleepiness and/or insomnia associated with work schedules. The reasons for individual variation in shift work tolerance are not well understood, however. The aim of this study was to identify individual factors that contribute to the risk of SWD.

Salvage brachytherapy for locally-recurrent prostate cancer after radiation therapy: A comparison of efficacy and toxicity outcomes with high-dose rate and low-dose rate brachytherapy.

Background: Brachytherapy (BT) is widely used for salvage therapy in patients with biochemical failure (BF) after radiotherapy for prostate cancer (PCa). Although low-dose-rate (LDR) and high-dose-rate (HDR) BT are both used for salvage therapy, it is not clear whether there are any differences between these two approaches in terms of efficacy or toxicity in this setting. Therefore, we review the institutional experience of the members of the Urological Tumour Working Group (URONCOR) of the Spanish Society of Radiation Oncology (SEOR) to compare these two techniques.

Exploring the associations between shift work disorder, depression, anxiety and sick leave taken amongst nurses.

This study aimed to evaluate the association between shift work disorder and mental health in hospital-based nurses. Staff completed an online survey comprising demographic questions, the Shift Work Disorder Questionnaire, Patient Health-9 and the General Anxiety Disorder-7 scale. Sick leave data were collected from archival records from the Human Resources Department.

Insomnia and hypertension: A systematic review.

Insomnia is a prevalent sleep disorder that is associated with a multitude of health consequences. Particularly, insomnia has been associated with cardiovascular disease and its precursors, such as hypertension and blood pressure (BP) non-dipping. The present systematic review aimed to summarize the evidence on the concurrent and prospective associations between insomnia and hypertension and/or BP.

Driver education: Enhancing knowledge of sleep, fatigue and risky behaviour to improve decision making in young drivers.

This study assessed the impact of an education program on knowledge of sleepiness and driving behaviour in young adult drivers and their performance and behaviour during simulated night driving. Thirty-four participants (18-26 years old) were randomized to receive either a four-week education program about sleep and driving or a control condition. A series of questionnaires were administered to assess knowledge of factors affecting sleep and driving before and after the four-week education program.

The direction of the relationship between symptoms of insomnia and psychiatric disorders in adolescents.

Background: This study assessed the direction of the relationship between symptoms of insomnia disorder, depression, various anxiety disorders and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) in adolescents after controlling for age, gender, chronotype, and outcome variable at baseline.

Methods: Data was collected in eight high schools in Adelaide, South Australia, at two time-points approximately 6 months apart. The study was completed by 318 and 255 high school students at baseline and follow-up, respectively, aged 12-18 (M=14.

Prolonged Eyelid Closure Episodes during Sleep Deprivation in Professional Drivers.

Study Objectives: Real life ocular measures of drowsiness use average blink duration, amplitude and velocity of eyelid movements to reflect drowsiness in drivers. However, averaged data may conceal the variability in duration of eyelid closure episodes, and more prolonged episodes that indicate higher levels of drowsiness. The current study aimed to describe the frequency and duration of prolonged eyelid closure episodes during acute sleep deprivation.

Establishing the validity of different susceptibility testing methods to evaluate the in vitro activity of amoxicillin-clavulanate against Escherichia coli.

Amoxicillin-clavulanate MICs of 160 Escherichia coli isolates with characterized resistance mechanisms were obtained by 2 MIC gradient strip brands, 3 automated systems, and reference ISO microdilution method using EUCAST (fixed 2μg/mL clavulanate) and CLSI (2:1 ratio) criteria. Discrepancies, mainly obtained with gradient strips, lead to an essential agreement range of 76.2-92.

Zoledronic acid and irradiation in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: This in vitro study evaluated cytotoxicity and cell migration effects of zoledronic acid and irradiation upon oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Materials And Methods: Zoledronic acid was administrated at doses of 10, 25, 50, and 100 μM to PE/CA-PJ15 oral squamous cell carcinoma cultures, irradiated with different doses (0, 5, 15, and 30 Gy), followed by evaluation of the effects on cell viability. Cell migration capacity was studied after 24- and 72-h incubation.

The independent relationships between insomnia, depression, subtypes of anxiety, and chronotype during adolescence.

Objectives: To investigate the independent effects of depression and subtypes of anxiety on insomnia, and vice versa, and the independent effect of chronotype on insomnia, depression, and subtypes of anxiety.

Methods: In all, 318 South Australian high school students from grades 7-11 (age range, 12-18years; mean, 14.97±1.

Mineral and trace element analysis of saliva from patients with BMS: a cross-sectional prospective controlled clinical study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate salivary markers related to burning mouth syndrome (BMS).

Study Design: A cross-sectional prospective controlled clinical study of 58 patients (28 BMS and 30 control). The presence of mineral and trace metals in unstimulated whole saliva was analyzed in BMS patients and in control subjects by means of ICP-OES.

A Systematic Review Assessing Bidirectionality between Sleep Disturbances, Anxiety, and Depression.

Study Objectives: To investigate whether sleep disturbances are bidirectionally related to anxiety and depression, and thus identify potential risk factors for each problem.

Design: A systematic review was conducted on 9 studies (8 longitudinal, 1 retrospective) that assessed bidirectionality between a sleep disturbance, and anxiety or depression. Treatment studies were excluded, along with those solely based on clinical samples or cohorts at high risk of suffering from a sleep disturbance, anxiety and depression.

Angiosarcoma of the liver as a cause of fulminant liver failure.

Primary liver sarcomas make up 2% of all malignant neoplasms of the liver; of these, angiosarcoma is the most common type. Primary liver tumours rarely cause fulminant hepatic failure (FHF), which is most frequently caused by non-neoplasmic pathologies. In the case of neoplasms, the most frequent are lymphoma and metastatic carcinomas.

Prevalence of sleep disturbances, disorders, and problems following traumatic brain injury: a meta-analysis.

Background: Sleep is often disrupted following a traumatic brain injury (TBI), which may compromise recovery and quality of life. Prevalence rates vary widely, reflecting differences in the criteria and measures that are used to assess sleep, as well as sample differences. This meta-analysis examined the prevalence of general and specific, and formally and informally diagnosed, sleep disturbances following TBI in order to establish the nature and extent of these sequelae and their potential impact on recovery.

Functional Genomics of Particle-Induced Lung Injury.

Currently, the biological mechanisms controlling adverse reactions to particulate matter are uncertain, but are likely to include oxidative lung injury, inflammation, infection, and preexisting pulmonary disease (e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseJ.

Fronto-striato-thalamic perfusion and clozapine response in treatment-refractory schizophrenic patients. A 99mTc-HMPAO study.

Several studies with functional and structural brain-imaging techniques support the hypothesis that responders and non-responders to clozapine could show a different pattern of cerebral dysfunction. Thirty-nine neuroleptic-refractory schizophrenic patients were studied with 99Tc-labelled hexamethyl-propylene-aminoxime (HMPAO) and SPECT, while on classical neuroleptics and after 6 months of treatment with clozapine. The perfusion differences between responders and non-responders to clozapine were studied in the regions included within the dorsolateral and orbitofrontal fronto-striato-thalamic circuits, as well as the predictive value of these parameters.