Beauty in the Eyes of the Beholders: How Government- and Consumer-Based Country-of-Origin Advantages and Disadvantages Drive Host Country Investment Dynamics.

Building on the resource-based view, we propose conceptualizing a foreign multinational's country of origin as a resource, an asset tied semi-permanently to the firm, and analyze how this resource affects its host country investments. We argue that the country of origin provides an advantage or disadvantage in the host country depending on its positive or negative view among the host-country government and consumers. This results in four alternative configurations of host country investment dynamics based on the alignment of their views.

A review of the internationalization of state-owned firms and sovereign wealth funds: Governments' nonbusiness objectives and discreet power.

Unlabelled: We review and bridge the literature on the internationalization of state-owned firms and sovereign wealth funds to provide a novel understanding of how government ownership affects foreign investments in three ways. First, we explain how state-owned firms and funds behave differently from private ones because they need to balance governments' nonbusiness objectives and firms' business goals. This results in competing predictions on whether government ownership helps or hinders internationalization due to particular nonbusiness objectives.

Implementing the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals in international business.

Building on the concept of externalities, we propose an explanation of how multinationals can contribute to the enactment of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals as part of their ordinary investments. First, we suggest grouping the 17 Sustainable Development Goals into six categories based on whether they increase positive externalities - knowledge, wealth, or health - or reduce negative externalities - the overuse of natural resources, harm to social cohesion, or overconsumption. Second, we propose placing these categories within an extended value chain to facilitate their implementation.