[Strategy for early detection of viral hepatitis in patients with a request for liver biochemistry profile and hypertransaminasemia].

Objective: Undiagnosed viral hepatitis is an impediment to the elimination of viral hepatitis. Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG) recommend screening in patients with hypertransaminasemia. The aim of the study was to evaluate the early detection of viral hepatitisB andC established in our health area in this population group.

Combined and Gene Amplification Predicts Laryngeal Cancer Risk beyond Histopathological Grading.

The and genes map at 3q26, a chromosomal region frequently amplified in head and neck cancers, which is associated with poor prognosis. This study explores the clinical significance of and gene amplification in early tumorigenesis. Gene copy number was analyzed by real-time PCR in 62 laryngeal precancerous lesions and correlated with histopathological grading and laryngeal cancer risk.

Comparison of Mechanical Insufflation-Exsufflation and Hypertonic Saline and Hyaluronic Acid With Conventional Open Catheter Suctioning in Intubated Patients.

Background: Open respiratory secretion suctioning with a catheter causes pain and tracheobronchial mucosal injury in intubated patients. The goal of mechanical insufflation-exsufflation (MI-E) is to move secretions proximally and noninvasively by generating a high peak expiratory air flow. Nebulized hypertonic saline with hyaluronic acid (HS-HA) may facilitate suctioning by hydration.

Utility of human epididymis protein 4 in the differential diagnosis of ascites.

Background And Aims: Human epididymal protein 4 (HE4) may be a useful tool in the differential diagnosis of malignant ascites. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic utility of HE4 for detecting malignant ascites, taking into account the possible false positives identified with adenosine deaminase (ADA), C-reactive protein (CRP), % polynuclear cells (%PMN) and glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Methods: Concentrations of HE4, ADA, %PMN and CRP were determined in 114 samples of peritoneal fluid and creatinine in serum in order to calculate eGFR.

Underwater versus conventional EMR of large nonpedunculated colorectal lesions: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background And Aims: Underwater EMR (UEMR) is an alternative procedure to conventional EMR (CEMR) to treat large, nonpedunculated colorectal lesions (LNPCLs). In this multicenter, randomized controlled clinical trial, we aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of UEMR versus CEMR on LNPCLs.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, randomized controlled clinical trial from February 2018 to February 2020 in 11 hospitals in Spain.

Factors associated with lesion detection in colonoscopy among different indications.

Background And Objective: Different factors may influence colonoscopy performance measures. We aimed to analyze procedure- and endoscopist-related factors associated with detection of colorectal lesions and whether these factors have a similar influence in the context of different colonoscopy indications: positive fecal immunochemical test (+FIT) and post-polypectomy surveillance colonoscopies.

Methods: This multicenter cross-sectional study included adults aged 40-80 years.

Perineal Massage during Pregnancy for the Prevention of Postpartum Urinary Incontinence: Controlled Clinical Trial.

: Urinary incontinence is any involuntary loss of urine. It may result in anxiety, depression, low self-esteem and social isolation. Perineal massage has spread as a prophylactic technique for treating complications during labor.

Detection of the most influential variables for preventing postpartum urinary incontinence using machine learning techniques.

Background: Postpartum urinary incontinence is a fairly widespread health problem in today's society among women who have given birth. Recent studies analysing the different variables that may be related to Postpartum urinary incontinence have brought to light some variables that may be related to Postpartum urinary incontinence in order to try to prevent it. However, no studies have been found that analyse some of the intrinsic and extrinsic variables of patients during pregnancy that could give rise to this pathology.

Prevalence of missed lesions in patients with inadequate bowel preparation through a very early repeat colonoscopy.

Objectives: When bowel preparation (BP) is inadequate, international guidelines recommend repeating the colonoscopy within 1 year to avoid missing clinically relevant lesions. We aimed to determine the rate of missed lesions in patients with inadequate BP through a very early repeat colonoscopy with adequate BP.

Methods: Post hoc analysis was conducted using data collected from a prospective multicenter randomized clinical trial including patients with inadequate BP and then repeat colonoscopy.

1L NER1006 can improve rates of adequate and high-quality bowel cleansing in the right colon: a post hoc analysis of two randomised clinical trials.

Background: The right colon is difficult to cleanse compared with other colon segments. This post hoc analysis of two randomised clinical trials (MORA and NOCT) examined whether 1L polyethylene glycol (PEG) NER1006 and two mid-volume alternatives could improve adequate and high-quality cleansing in the right colon among patients with complete cleansing assessments.

Methods: Patients received NER1006 (N2D), 2L PEG plus ascorbate (2LPEG) or oral sulphate solution (OSS) as a 2-day evening/morning split-dosing regimen or NER1006 as a same-day morning-only dosing regimen (N1D).

Role of airway smooth muscle cell phenotypes in airway tone and obstruction in guinea pig asthma model.

Background: Airway obstruction (AO) in asthma is driven by airway smooth muscle (ASM) contraction. AO can be induced extrinsically by direct stimulation of ASM with contractile agonists as histamine, or by indirect provocation with antigens as ovalbumin, while the airway tone is dependent on intrinsic mechanisms. The association of the ASM phenotypes involved in different types of AO and airway tone in guinea pigs was evaluated.

Compound Endoscopic Morphological Features for Identifying Non-Pedunculated Lesions ≥20 mm with Intramucosal Neoplasia.

Background: The major limitation of piecemeal endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is the inaccurate histological assessment of the resected specimen, especially in cases of submucosal invasion.

Objective: To classify non-pedunculated lesions ≥20 mm based on endoscopic morphological features, in order to identify those that present intramucosal neoplasia (includes low-grade neoplasia and high-grade neoplasia) and are suitable for piecemeal EMR.

Design: A post-hoc analysis from an observational prospective multicentre study conducted by 58 endoscopists at 17 academic and community hospitals was performed.

Prevalence of Perineal Tear Peripartum after Two Antepartum Perineal Massage Techniques: A Non-Randomised Controlled Trial.

Perineal massage increases elasticity of myofascial perineal tissue and decreases the burning and perineal pain during labour, thus optimising child birth, although an application protocol has not been standardised yet. The objective of this study is to determine the efficiency of massage in perineal tear prevention and identification of possible differences in massage application. Total of 90 pregnant participants were divided into three groups: perineal massage and EPI-NO device group, applied by an expert physiotherapist, self-massage group, where women were instructed to apply perineal massage in domestic household, and a control group, which received ordinary obstetric attention.

Decompressive craniectomy in traumatic brain injury: The intensivist's point of view.

Objetive: To perform a score with early clinical and radiological findings after a TBI that identifies the patients who in their subsequent evolution are going to undergo DC.

Method: Observational study of a retrospective cohort of patients who, after a TBI, enter the Neurocritical Section of the Intensive Care Unit of our hospital for a period of 5 years (2014-2018). Detection of clinical and radiological criteria and generation of all possible models with significant, clinically relevant and easy to detect early variables.

Decompressive craniectomy in traumatic brain injury: the intensivist's point of view.

Objetive: To perform a score with early clinical and radiological findings after a TBI that identifies the patients who in their subsequent evolution are going to undergo DC.

Method: Observational study of a retrospective cohort of patients who, after a TBI, enter the Neurocritical Section of the Intensive Care Unit of our hospital for a period of 5 years (2014-2018). Detection of clinical and radiological criteria and generation of all possible models with significant, clinically relevant and easy to detect early variables.

The Answer to "When to Clip" After Colorectal Endoscopic Mucosal Resection Based on a Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.

Introduction: Delayed bleeding (DB) is the most common major complication of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). Two randomized clinical trials recently demonstrated that clip closure after EMR of large nonpedunculated colorectal polyps (LNPCPs) reduces the risk of DB. We analyzed the cost-effectiveness of this prophylactic measure.

Impact of notch signaling on the prognosis of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Objectives: The function of NOTCH signaling (oncogenic or oncosuppressive) remains controversial in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). The purpose of this work is to investigate the role of NOTCH pathway in HNSCC prognosis.

Methods: Immunohistochemical NOTCH1 and HES1 expression was jointly evaluated and correlated with other NOTCH1 targets, p21 (WAF1/Cip1) and Cyclin D1, using an unbiased cohort of 372 surgically treated HPV-negative HNSCC patients.

Colonic stent vs surgical resection of the primary tumor. Effect on survival from stage-IV obstructive colorectal cancer.

Background And Objectives: the impact of surgical primary tumor resection on survival of obstructive metastatic colorectal cancer remains controversial. The primary goal of this study was to analyze survival in patients with obstructive metastatic colorectal cancer after treatment with either resection surgery or a colonic stent.

Material And Methods: a prospective study was performed of all patients with stage-IV colorectal cancer and obstructive manifestations, diagnosed from 2005 to 2012 and managed with either resection surgery or a colonic stent.

Improved detection of colorectal adenomas by high-quality colon cleansing.

Reliable adenoma detection requires "adequate" bowel preparation. The adenoma detection rate (ADR) was assessed in patients with high-quality (stool-free) cleansing versus adequate cleansing. This study was a post-hoc combined analysis of three randomized trials individually powered for cleansing quality assessment.

Regulation of Myosin Light-Chain Phosphatase Activity to Generate Airway Smooth Muscle Hypercontractility.

Smooth muscle is a central structure involved in the regulation of airway tone. In addition, it plays an important role in the development of some pathologies generated by alterations in contraction, such as hypercontractility and the airway hyperresponsiveness observed in asthma. The molecular processes associated with smooth muscle contraction are centered around myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation, which is controlled by a balance in the activity of myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK) and myosin light-chain phosphatase (MLCP).

Educational nurse-led telephone intervention shortly before colonoscopy as a salvage strategy after previous bowel preparation failure: a multicenter randomized trial.

Background: The most important predictor of unsuccessful bowel preparation is previous failure. For those patients with previous failure, we hypothesized that a nurse-led educational intervention by telephone shortly before the colonoscopy appointment could improve cleansing efficacy.

Methods: We performed a multicenter, endoscopist-blinded, randomized controlled trial.

Narrow-band imaging and high-definition white-light endoscopy in patients with serrated lesions not fulfilling criteria for serrated polyposis syndrome: a randomized controlled trial with tandem colonoscopy.

Background: It is unknown whether narrow-band imaging (NBI) could be more effective than high-definition white-light endoscopy (HD-WLE) in detecting serrated lesions in patients with prior serrated lesions > 5 mm not completely fulfilling serrated polyposis syndrome (SPS) criteria.

Methods: We conducted a randomized, cross-over trial in consecutive patients with prior detection of at least one serrated polyp ≥10 mm or ≥ 3 serrated polyps larger than 5 mm, both proximal to the sigmoid colon. Five experienced endoscopists performed same-day tandem colonoscopies, with the order being randomized 1:1 to NBI-HD-WLE or HD-WLE-NBI.

Perinatal exposure to octabromodiphenyl ether mixture, DE-79, alters the vasopressinergic system in adult rats.

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are persistent environmental pollutants considered as neurotoxicants and endocrine disruptors with important biological effects ranging from alterations in growth, reproduction, and effects on the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. The vasopressinergic (AVPergic) system is a known target for pentaBDEs mixture (DE-71) and the structurally similar chemicals, polychlorinated biphenyls. However, the potential adverse effects of mixtures containing octaBDE compounds, like DE-79, on the AVPergic system are still unknown.