Ancestry and somatic profile predict acral melanoma origin and prognosis.

Acral melanoma, which is not ultraviolet (UV)-associated, is the most common type of melanoma in several low- and middle-income countries including Mexico. Latin American samples are significantly underrepresented in global cancer genomics studies, which directly affects patients in these regions as it is known that cancer risk and incidence may be influenced by ancestry and environmental exposures. To address this, here we characterise the genome and transcriptome of 128 acral melanoma tumours from 96 Mexican patients, a population notable because of its genetic admixture.

[Delayed diagnosis of osteosarcoma in adults: a prognostic factor to be considered].

Introduction: different variables have been associated with a worse prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma (OS), highlighting tumor size, location in the axial skeleton and the presence of metastases. The objective of this study is to analyze the prognostic impact of diagnostic delay in osteosarcoma in adults in the Mexican population in a center specialized in sarcomas.

Material And Methods: retrospective cohort study from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2016, 96 patients over 21 years of age with a diagnosis of osteosarcoma were analyzed.

Does compartmental resection really impact retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcomas? A retrospective analysis from a Single Referral Center.

Background: The treatment of choice for retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcomas (RPS) is surgical resection; the outcomes with more radical surgeries, notably compartmental resection, remains a subject of debate. Arguments against it, include the complexity of the technique and high morbidity.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis of cases treated in a single center from January 2010 to December 2019 is presented.

Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic biomarker in extremities undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma.

Background: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in peripheral blood reflects the balance between systemic inflammation and immunity and has been reported as a prognostic biomarker in many neoplastic diseases, but its role in sarcomas has been poorly investigated. In this paper we analyzed the prognostic role of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in extremity undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (eUPS).

Materials And Methods: We performed an observational, retrospective study including all eUPS cases treated at the National Institute of Cancer in Mexico City from January 2000 to December 2018.

Preoperative neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR), and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) as prognostic markers in patients with retroperitoneal liposarcoma.

Unlabelled: Retroperitoneal liposarcomas are rare mesenchymal tumors of that are typically detected in advanced stages and often carry a poor prognosis. The recurrence rate is high even after an adequate treatment. The multimodality therapy is not a standard for every case; therefore, an individual risk assessment is needed to select tailored treatment plans.

Bone invasion in soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities: An underappreciated prognostic factor. Bone invasion in soft tissue sarcomas.

Background: Bone invasion is unfrequently reported in soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities (eSTS), it is difficult to assess preoperatively and its prognostic impact has not been extensively studied. The objective of this paper was to analyze the incidence and the clinical impact of histologically proven bone invasion in individuals with eSTS.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed using the medical files patients who had eSTS and were treated between 2012 and 2016.

Epidemiological profile of soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities: Incidence, histological subtypes, and primary sites.

Background: Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a heterogeneous group of rare tumours that represent less than 1% of all malignant, solid tumours in adults. There is limited epidemiological information regarding STS in Latin America. Therefore, the objective of this study is to present an epidemiological profile of these tumours observed at a single reference centre.

Should metastatic lymph nodes be considered at the same clinical stage as distant metastasis in soft tissue sarcomas?

Introduction: Lymph node metastasis (LNM) in soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are uncommon, occurring in only 3% - 5% of all sarcomas, and are classified as Stage IV, along with distant metastasis (DM). This paper compares the prognosis of patients with lymphatic and DM, in extremity STS (eSTS).

Methods: A retrospective study was carried out in a high-volume sarcoma center; 853 patients with eSTS sarcomas were identified and classified from January 1, 1997 to December 31, 2017.

Desmoid-Type Fibromatosis.

Desmoid tumors represent a rare entity of monoclonal origin characterized by locally aggressive behavior and inability to metastasize. Most cases present in a sporadic pattern and are characterized by a mutation in the CTNNB1 gene; while 5-15% show a hereditary pattern associated with APC gene mutation, both resulting in abnormal β-catenin accumulation within the cell. The most common sites of presentation are the extremities and the thoracic wall, whereas FAP associated cases present intra-abdominally or in the abdominal wall.

Acral lentiginous melanoma: Basic facts, biological characteristics and research perspectives of an understudied disease.

Acral lentiginous melanoma is a histological subtype of cutaneous melanoma that occurs in the glabrous skin of the palms, soles and the nail unit. Although in some countries, particularly in Latin America, Africa and Asia, it represents the most frequently diagnosed subtype of the disease, it only represents a small proportion of melanoma cases in European-descent populations, which is partially why it has not been studied to the same extent as other forms of melanoma. As a result, its unique genomic drivers remain comparatively poorly explored, as well as its causes, with current evidence supporting a UV-independent path to tumorigenesis.

[Synchronous primary double: condrosarcoma and sarcoma high grade fusocelular associated with Maffucci syndrome].

Maffucci syndrome is characterized by the presence of multiple enchondromes and hemangiomas that can affect soft tissues and other organs. The risk of malignant transformation of lesions is 100% during the life of the individual, with chondrosarcoma being the most frequently associated malignant tumor. We present the case of a 44-year-old man diagnosed with Maffucci syndrome who developed a synchronous double primary: chondrosarcoma and high-grade multicenter fusocellular sarcoma of scapular and tricipital region, was treated with disarticulation interscapule-thoracic, presented accelerated progression and lung disease.

Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio is associated with survival in synovial sarcoma.

Background: Synovial sarcoma is a rare malignant soft tissue tumor, more common in adolescents and young adults and entails a poor prognosis. Several good prognostic factors have been well established such as age less than 25, size less than 5 cm and absence of a poorly differentiated component. Inflammation has a well-established role in tumor proliferation and survival.

Radioguided hepatic resection with F-DOPA in a patient with metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma.

Introduction: Medullary carcinoma accounts for 1-2% of all thyroid malignancies. 13-20% of patients present with distant metastasis, with 45% of the cases affecting the liver.

Clinical Case: A 50-year-old woman, diagnosed with medullary thyroid carcinoma, was treated with total thyroidectomy and a modified neck dissection in 1999.