Hematological ABP: Interest of New Generation Sequencing Methods (NGS) to Study Suspicious Fluctuations in Erythropoiesis.

We present a case report of an adverse analytical finding (AAF) with suspected doping in an athlete following consumption of a supplement contaminated with Roxadustat, an oral inhibitor of hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase (HIP-PH), which increases erythropoietin production under normoxic conditions. Simultaneously, the athlete biological passport (ABP) profile was reviewed by experts of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) ABP review panel and considered to be atypical and suspect of blood doping. A particular genetic testing was performed, which determined that this athlete had various reasons for fluctuations in her hematological parameters, such as the C677T and 1298C MTHFR mutations leading to chronic folate deficiency which can participate in the development of multiple hormonal and metabolic disturbances, heterozygous missense variant EPAS1 c.

Integrative and conjugative elements associated with antimicrobial resistance in multidrug resistant isolates from bovine respiratory disease (BRD)-affected animals in Spanish feedlots.

The emergence of multidrug-resistance (MDR) in Pasteurella multocida, a major contributor to bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is being increasingly reported, often linked to the carriage of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) on integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs). The resistance phenotype for 19 antimicrobials was determined using broth microdilution in 75 Pasteurella multocida isolates from healthy and BRD-affected cattle from five feedlots. The genomes of 32 isolates were sequenced to identify ARG) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and assess their genetic diversity.

Socio-economic factors constrain climate change adaptation in a tropical export crop.

Climate change will alter the geographical locations most suited for crop production, but adaptation to these new conditions may be constrained by edaphic and socio-economic factors. Here we investigate climate change adaptation constraints in banana, a major export crop of Latin America and the Caribbean. We derived optimal climatic, edaphic and socio-economic conditions from the distribution of intensive banana production across Latin America and the Caribbean, identified using remote sensing imagery.

Advancing diagnostics with BODIPY-bismuthene DNA biosensors.

In this work, an electrochemical biosensor is prepared based on few-layer bismuthene hexagons (FLBHs) and a water-soluble BODIPY (BDP) derivative (BDP-NaSO) for early infection diagnosis. In particular, the detection in advance of a virus sequence in nasopharyngeal swab samples was developed. The combination of the FLBHs and BDP-NaSO facilitates the direct, sensitive, and specific detection of gene viruses without the need for any prior amplification step.

Stimulation-Induced Muscle Deformation Measured with A-Mode Ultrasound Correlates with Muscle Fatigue.

Muscle fatigue is a common physiological phenomenon whose onset can impair physical performance and increase the risk of injury. Traditional assessments of muscle fatigue are primarily constrained by their dependence on maximum voluntary contractions (MVCs), which not only rely heavily on participant motivation, reducing measurement accuracy, but also require large, stationary equipment such as isokinetic dynamometers, limiting their application to discrete assessments in lab-based environments. In this work, we introduce a wearable muscle fatigue tracking strategy that employs low-profile single-element ultrasound and electrical stimulation.

Molecular epidemiology of Enteritidis in humans and animals in Spain.

Enteritidis, the most prevalent serovar-causing human gastroenteritis, has been traditionally linked to poultry sources. Although antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is not common in this serovar, increasing levels of resistance to fluoroquinolones and ampicillin have been reported in the last few years. Here, 298 isolates retrieved from different sources (human, livestock, wildlife, food, and environment) and years (2002-2021) in Spain were analyzed to evaluate their diversity, the distribution of AMR-conferring genes (ARGs), and mutations and reconstruct the epidemiology of infection due to this serovar.

Reduction of Influenza A Virus Prevalence in Pigs at Weaning After Using Custom-Made Influenza Vaccines in the Breeding Herds of an Integrated Swine Farm System.

Vaccination is a common influenza A virus (IAV) control strategy for pigs. Vaccine efficacy depends on strain cross-protection and effective vaccination program implementation. We evaluated a multi-faceted IAV vaccination strategy which included (a) monthly surveillance of pigs at weaning, (b) selection of epidemiologically relevant strains from farms under surveillance, (c) updating IAV strains in custom-made vaccines, and (d) seasonal mass vaccination with custom-made vaccines given to sows in 35 farrow-to-wean farms within an integrated swine farm system.

Interplay of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Intestinal Inflammation, and Gut Microbiota in Celiac Disease Pathogenesis.

Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune disorder driven by both genetic and environmental factors, with the HLA DQ2/DQ8 genotypes playing a central role in its development. Despite the genetic predisposition, only a small percentage of individuals carrying these genotypes develop the disease. Gluten, a protein found in wheat, rye, and barley, is the primary environmental trigger, but other factors, such as the intestinal microbiota, may also contribute to disease progression.

Clinical Ascites and Emergency Procedure as Determinants of Surgical Risk in Patients with Advanced Chronic Liver Disease.

Liver function and the presence of portal hypertension, as well as the urgency and type of surgery, are prognostic factors in advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD) patients undergoing extrahepatic major surgeries. Emergent surgery in ACLD patients has 4-10 times higher mortality rates than elective surgery. However, perioperative management improvements have been made in recent years.

[French Society of Clinical Biology (SFBC) guidelines on point-of-care testing].

The "Emergency Biology" working group of the French Society of Clinical Biology (SFBC) presents in this article its recommendations for the application of article L6211-18 of the Public Health Code, when the analytical phase of a medical biology examination cannot be carried out in a medical laboratory within a time frame compatible with the patient's state of health. A proposal for a list of examinations that may be carried out outside the laboratory (point-of-care testing - POCT) is made, by associating the elements justifying this delocalization: clinical contexts concerned and maximum time limits for carrying out the examination in these contexts if the examination is carried out within the LBM. These recommendations are to be adapted within the framework of local clinic biological agreements.

Reemergence of Echinococcus granulosus Infections after 2004 Termination of Control Program in Magallanes Region, Chile.

After termination of a control program in 2004, Echinococcus granulosus infections have reemerged in Magallanes Region, Chile. Prevalence in sheep >2 years of age in 2023 resembled levels observed at the start of the program. Resurgence underscores the need for continued surveillance, particularly in younger sheep, to monitor recent transmission trends.

Can Electroactive Tracer Molecules Reveal Viscoelastic Structure by Measuring Non-Fickian Diffusion?

We find that viscous and viscoelastic fluids are distinguishable by gauging Non-Fickian diffusion of dissolved electroactive molecules. Typically, such fluids are differentiated by measuring the mean-squared-displacement <Δr> of embedded tracer particles (~1 μm) diffusing over time (t). From the relationship <Δr>=6Dt (D=particle diffusivity), log plots of <Δr>vs.

Source attribution of human infection: a multi-country model in the European Union.

Introduction: Infections caused by spp. represent a severe threat to public health worldwide. National action plans have included source attribution studies as a way to quantify the contribution of specific sources and understand the dynamic of transmission of foodborne pathogens like and .

The Effectiveness and Safety of Bedaquiline, Pretomanid, and Linezolid (BPaL)-Based Regimens for Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis in Non-Trial Settings-A Prospective Cohort Study in Belarus and Uzbekistan.

Background: Only 63% of patients initiating multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) treatment in 2020 were treated successfully. 24-Week all-oral bedaquiline, pretomanid, and linezolid (BPaL)-based regimens have demonstrated higher rates of treatment success and have been recommended by the World Health Organization. Operational research is urgently required to evaluate these regimens in non-trial settings.

A crucial role for the cortical amygdala in shaping social encounters.

Aggression is an evolutionarily conserved behaviour that controls social hierarchies and protects valuable resources. In mice, aggressive behaviour can be broken down into an appetitive phase, which involves approach and investigation, and a consummatory phase, which involves biting, kicking and wrestling. Here, by performing an unsupervised weighted correlation network analysis on whole-brain FOS expression in mice, we identify a cluster of brain regions, including hypothalamic and amygdalar subregions and olfactory cortical regions, that are highly co-activated in male but not in female aggressors.

Correlation Between N-Glycan GnGnXF3 and the Allergic Immune Response Against Juniperus ashei Pollen.

Background: Cupressaceae pollen increasingly causes respiratory allergies worldwide. Carbohydrates are abundant in extracts of these pollens, and the associated allergens are highly glycosylated. However, the contribution of saccharides to the allergenicity of these species remains unknown.

Non-invasive markers of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis following INSTI initiation in women with HIV.

Background: The impact of integrase strand-transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) on steatotic liver disease in women with HIV (WWH) is unknown.

Methods: Using data collected in the Women's Interagency HIV Study from 2007-2020, change in Fibrosis-4 index (FIB4), aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score (NFS) over 5 years was compared between virologically-suppressed WWH who switched to or added an INSTI to their antiretroviral therapy (ART) and WWH remaining on non-INSTI ART. In participants with transient elastography (TE) measures, estimates of hepatic steatosis (controlled attenuation parameter, CAP), fibrosis (liver stiffness, LS), and steatohepatitis (FibroScan-aspartate aminotransferase scores, FAST) were compared by group.

Two antagonistic gene regulatory networks drive Arabidopsis root hair growth at low temperature linked to a low-nutrient environment.

Root hair (RH) cells can elongate to several hundred times their initial size, and are an ideal model system for investigating cell size control. Their development is influenced by both endogenous and external signals, which are combined to form an integrative response. Surprisingly, a low-temperature condition of 10°C causes increased RH growth in Arabidopsis and in several monocots, even when the development of the rest of the plant is halted.

Preparedness, prevention and control related to zoonotic avian influenza.

A risk assessment framework was developed to evaluate the zoonotic potential of avian influenza (AI), focusing on virus mutations linked to phenotypic traits related to mammalian adaptation identified in the literature. Virus sequences were screened for the presence of these mutations and their geographical, temporal and subtype-specific trends. Spillover events to mammals (including humans) and human seroprevalence studies were also reviewed.

Welfare of horses at slaughter.

The objective of this Scientific Opinion is to assess the hazards and welfare consequences associated with the slaughter of horses for human consumption. The entire slaughter procedure, from arrival at the slaughterhouse until death, is divided into three phases: Phase 1 - pre-stunning, Phase 2 - stunning and Phase 3 - bleeding. Phase 1 includes the following processes (in chronological order): (a) arrival, (b) unloading of the animals from the vehicle, (c) lairage, (d) handling and moving to the stunning area and (e) restraint before application of the stunning method.

Welfare of horses during killing for purposes other than slaughter.

Horses of different ages may have to be killed on-farm for purposes other than slaughter (where slaughter is defined as killing for human consumption) either individually (i.e. on-farm killing of unproductive, injured or terminally ill animals) or on a large-scale (i.

Practical management of adverse events in patients receiving tarlatamab, a delta-like ligand 3-targeted bispecific T-cell engager immunotherapy, for previously treated small cell lung cancer.

Tarlatamab is a bispecific T-cell engager immunotherapy targeting delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3) and the cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3) molecule. In the phase 2 DeLLphi-301 trial of tarlatamab for patients with previously treated small cell lung cancer, tarlatamab 10 mg every 2 weeks achieved durable responses and encouraging survival outcomes. Analyses of updated safety data from the DeLLphi-301 trial demonstrated that the most common treatment-emergent adverse events were cytokine release syndrome (53%), pyrexia (38%), decreased appetite (36%), dysgeusia (32%), and an emia (30%).

Safety and immunogenicity of Omicron protein vaccines in mRNA-vaccinated adolescents: A phase 3, randomised trial.

Objectives: Safety and immunogenicity assessment of updated monovalent and bivalent SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in adolescents.

Methods: This phase 3, double-blinded study randomised 12-<18-year-old participants, who received ≥2 prior doses of an approved/authorised mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine, 1:1 to receive NVX-CoV2601 (XBB.1.

Mastering rectal cancer MRI: From foundational concepts to optimal staging.

MRI plays a critical role in the local staging, restaging, surveillance, and risk stratification of patients, ensuring they receive the most tailored therapy. As such, radiologists must be familiar not only with the key MRI findings that influence management decisions but also with the appropriate MRI protocols and structured reporting. Given the complexity of selecting the optimal therapy for each patient-which often requires multidisciplinary discussions-radiologists should be well-versed in relevant treatment strategies and surgical terms, understanding their significance in guiding patient care.