Trends in tuberculosis and inequality-adjusted Human Development Index in Brazil, 2018-2022.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, causing 1.5 million deaths annually. We conducted an ecological analysis to examine TB prevalence in Brazil from 2018 to 2022, focusing on its relationship with the Human Development Index (HDI) and its inequality-adjusted version HDI (IHDI).

Thermal Manipulation During the Embryonic Stage and the Post-Hatch Characteristics of Broiler Chickens.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of thermal manipulation during incubation on the hatchability, the performance, the carcass characteristics, the intestinal villi, the nutrient metabolizability, and some physiological parameters in broiler chickens. Ross eggs were randomly distributed into four commercial automatic incubators. The treatments were as follows: incubator kept at 37.

Over 400 food resources from Brazil: evidence-based records of wild edible mushrooms.

Many species of mushroom-forming fungi have been harvested in the wild and used for food and medicine for thousands of years. In Brazil, the knowledge of the diversity of wild edible mushrooms remains scattered and poorly studied. Based on new samples, bibliographic records revision, and searches through the GenBank, we recorded 409 species of wild edible mushrooms in Brazil, of which 350 can be safely consumed and 59 are edible but with conditions.

Assessing the Impact of IL-6 and Serotonin on Pain and Symptomatology in Fibromyalgia: An Exploratory Clinical Study.

Background And Objectives: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic musculoskeletal pain syndrome characterized by widespread pain and a variety of other symptoms, including fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, and sleep disturbances. Recent research has highlighted the potential role of pro-inflammatory cytokines and neurotransmitters in the pathophysiology of FM. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and serotonin with the clinical parameters observed in patients with fibromyalgia.

Association between human leukocyte antigen class II-DR-DQ and narcolepsy: a case control study.

Study Objectives: Narcolepsy is a neurologic disorder characterized by irresistible sleep attacks. Although its etiology is unknown, it is strongly associated with genetic variances in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex. We investigated the association of HLA class II-DR-DQ alleles in a sample of patients with narcolepsy-cataplexy (narcolepsy type 1 [NT1]) and patients with narcolepsy without cataplexy (narcolepsy type 2) with a control group.

Glucocorticoid Sensitivity Among Young Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: What Does It Matter?

The aim of the study was to assess glucocorticoid sensitivity in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia using in vivo and in vitro tests. Thirty leukemia survivors of both sexes aged ≥18 years participated in the study and at least two years after therapy withdrawal. In vivo tests comprised: a) a very low dose intravenous dexamethasone suppression test for measurement of serum cortisol before, after, and % suppression, compared with 32 age-matched controls; and b) 0.

Amazon Wildfires and Respiratory Health: Impacts during the Forest Fire Season from 2009 to 2019.

The Brazilian Amazon, a vital tropical region, faces escalating threats from human activities, agriculture, and climate change. This study aims to assess the relationship between forest fire occurrences, meteorological factors, and hospitalizations due to respiratory diseases in the Legal Amazon region from 2009 to 2019. Employing simultaneous equation models with official data, we examined the association between deforestation-induced fires and respiratory health issues.

Childhood and adolescence in mental health policy: an analysis through health counselors and conferences.

This qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory documentary and field research aimed to analyze how children and adolescents are included in the formulation of public mental health policies. The document analysis database consisted of reports from Health Conferences (national, state, and municipal), minutes of meetings of the Health Council (national, state, and municipal), and memories of the Thematic Commission on Mental Health (state and municipal). Nine counselors or former health counselors participated in this study through an individual interview with a semi-structured script.

Climate footprint of industry-sponsored clinical research: an analysis of a phase-1 randomised clinical study and discussion of opportunities to reduce its impact.

Objective: This study aims to calculate the global warming potential, in carbon dioxide (CO2) equivalent emissions, from all in-scope activities involved in a phase-1 clinical study.

Design: Retrospective analysis.

Data Source: Internal data held by Janssen Pharmaceuticals.

From in vivo to in vitro: exploring the key molecular and cellular aspects of human female gametogenesis.

Human oogenesis is a highly complex and not yet fully understood process due to ethical and technological barriers that limit studies in the field. In this context, replicating female gametogenesis in vitro would not only provide a solution for some infertility problems, but also be an excellent study model to better understand the biological mechanisms that determine the formation of the female germline. In this review, we explore the main cellular and molecular aspects involved in human oogenesis and folliculogenesis in vivo, from the specification of primordial germ cells (PGCs) to the formation of the mature oocyte.

Satisfaction with orthodontic treatment: cross-cultural adaptation and validation of an instrument for the Brazilian Portuguese language.

Objective: To cross-culturally adapt into the Brazilian Portuguese and evaluate the psychometric properties of an instrument for assessing the satisfaction of parents/guardians regarding their sons'/daughters' orthodontic treatment.

Methods: Translations of the instrument from English, pre-test and evaluation of validity and reliability of the Brazilian Portuguese version were performed. The questionnaire has 25 items distributed across 3 subscales (process, psychosocial effect and outcome).

Semantic equivalence of the Brazilian version of the Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (B-PSQ).

The Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (PSQ) is a self-administered instrument to assess adolescent patients' satisfaction with orthodontic treatment. A pre-existing North American instrument was further explored in the Netherlands. Semantic equivalence is part of cross-cultural adaptation and is necessary to achieve a valid and reliable instrument for a specific culture.

Effects of Different Recovery Modalities on Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness, Recovery Perceptions, and Performance Following a Bout of High-Intensity Functional Training.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the foam rolling technique and static stretching on perceptual and neuromuscular parameters following a bout of high-intensity functional training (HIFT), which consisted of 100 pull-ups, 100 push-ups, 100 sit-ups, and 100 air squats (Angie benchmark) in recreationally trained men ( = 39). Following baseline measurements (Feeling Scale, Visual Analogue Scale, Total Quality Recovery, Sit-and-Reach, Countermovement Jump, and Change-of-Direction -test), the volunteers performed a single bout of HIFT. At the end of the session, participants were randomly assigned to one of three distinct groups: control (CONT), foam rolling (FR), or static stretching (SS).

Additions to and outline of taxa with branched hyphidia in ().

The genus is a monophyletic group that belongs to () and accommodates species distinguished by strongly branched hyphidia in combination with 3-septate basidiospores. While the original circumscription mainly treated European taxa, here we shift the focus to tropical and sub-tropical material and uncover wider variation in morphology within Still united by hyphidia shape and basidiospore septation, the genus is expanded with 10 taxa having pustulate, cerebriform, or stipitate basidiocarps of yellow to dark brown colours, cylindrical to ovoid basidiospores, and hyphal septa with or without clamps. Monophyly of the amended is confirmed with a phylogeny based on six markers (SSU, ITS, LSU, , , and ).

Comparison between a handheld ultrasound device and a traditional ultrasound for performing transcranial sonography in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare a portable ultrasound (US) device and a traditional US for performing transcranial ultrasonography (CCT) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: This is a cross-sectional, observational, and analytical study. The study recruited a total of 129 individuals from two public hospitals in the city of Rio de Janeiro in a prospective and non-randomized manner between September 2019 and July 2021 as follows: group A with 31 patients with PD, group B with 65 patients with PD, and group C with 64 healthy individuals.

Cognitive Complaints Assessment and Neuropsychiatric Disorders After Mild COVID-19 Infection.

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze cognitive impairment associated with long-term coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) syndrome and its correlation with anxiety, depression, and fatigue in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 127 patients with COVID-19. Tests to screen for neuropsychiatric symptoms included the Fatigue Severity Scale, Mini-Mental State Exam 2 (MMSE-2), Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.

Diagnosis and classification of optic neuritis.

There is no consensus regarding the classification of optic neuritis, and precise diagnostic criteria are not available. This reality means that the diagnosis of disorders that have optic neuritis as the first manifestation can be challenging. Accurate diagnosis of optic neuritis at presentation can facilitate the timely treatment of individuals with multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease.

Environmental Performance Assessment of a Novel Process Concept for Propanol Production from Widely Available and Wasted Methane Sources.

Currently, propanol production highly depends on conventional fossil resources. Therefore, an alternative production process, denoted as "C123", is proposed and evaluated in which underutilized and methane-rich feedstocks such as biogas (scenario BG), marginal gas (scenario MG), and associated gas (scenario AG) are converted into propanol. A first modular-scale process concept was constructed in Aspen Plus, based on experimental data and know-how of the C123 consortium partners.

Major depression favors the expansion of Th17-like cells and decrease the proportion of CD39Treg cell subsets in response to myelin antigen in multiple sclerosis patients.

Background: Mood disorders have been associated with risk of clinical relapses in multiple sclerosis (MS), a demyelinating disease mediated by myelin-specific T cells.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the impact of major depressive disorder (MDD) and cytokine profile of T-cells in relapsing remitting MS patients.

Methods: For our study, plasma and PBMC were obtained from 60 MS patients (30 with lifetime MDD) in remission phase.

Effect of Different Numbers of Interset Antagonist Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching on the Total Number of Repetitions for the Agonists.

Recent studies have observed that stretching applied to antagonist muscles can promote improvement in agonist muscle performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different numbers of interset proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching for the antagonists on the total number of repetitions completed for the agonists (quadriceps) in the leg extension exercise. Fourteen physically active individuals (age: 29.

Global Diversity and Updated Phylogeny of (Auriculariales, Basidiomycota).

has a worldwide distribution and is very important due to its edibility and medicinal properties. Morphological examinations and multi-gene phylogenetic analyses of 277 samples from 35 countries in Asia, Europe, North and South America, Africa, and Oceania were carried out. Phylogenetic analyses were based on ITS, nLSU, rpb1, and rpb2 sequences using methods of Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference analyses.

Sense of coherence and dental fear/dental anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the association between sense of coherence (SOC) and dental fear/dental anxiety.

Methods: Computerized searches were performed in six databases. Gray literature and manual searches were also conducted.

Quantification of the global and regional impacts of gas flaring on human health via spatial differentiation.

Globally, gas flaring caused 350 million tonnes of CO emissions in 2018. In addition to climate change, this burning practice also has other negative consequences for humans (e.g.

Optic neuritis in Asian type opticospinal multiple sclerosis (OSMS-ON) in a non-Asian population: A functional-structural paradox.

Background: Biomarkers have improved the classification of autoimmune inflammatory disorders, including optic neuritis (ON) as a frequent presentation of multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis spectrum disorders, MOG antibody-related disease (MOGAD), and opticospinal multiple sclerosis (OSMS). The phenotype of OSMS in non-Asian populations is less well known.

Objective: We investigated the clinical features and prognosis of OSMS-ON in a Brazilian cohort.