Endotyping Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Bronchiectasis, and the "Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-Bronchiectasis Association".

Bronchiectasis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are two disease entities with overlapped clinical features, and codiagnosis frequently occurs (termed the "COPD-bronchiectasis association"). To investigate the sputum microbiome and proteome in patients with bronchiectasis, COPD, and the COPD-bronchiectasis association with the aim of identifying endotypes that may inform treatment. Sputum microbiome and protein profiling were carried out using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and a label-free proteomics workflow, respectively, in a cohort comprising patients with COPD ( = 43), bronchiectasis ( = 30), and the COPD-bronchiectasis association ( = 48).

Sputum Proteomics in Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Lung Disease.

Background: Nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections are difficult to diagnose and treat. Biomarkers to identify patients with active infection or at risk of disease progression would have clinical utility. Sputum is the most frequently used matrix for the diagnosis of NTM lung disease.