Genetic deviation associated with photodynamic therapy in HeLa cell.

Unlabelled: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a method that is used in cancer treatment. The main therapeutic effect is the production of singlet oxygen (O). Phthalocyanines for PDT produce high singlet oxygen with absorbers of about 600-700 nm.

Synthesis of unsymmetrical carboxyphthalocyanines by palladium-catalyzed hydroxycarbonylation of iodo-substituted precursors.

Phthalocyanines (Pcs) containing a carboxylic acid functionality directly bound to the macrocycle have been synthesized, in one step and in good yields, from iodo-substituted Pc precursors. This methodology represents a convenient alternative to the commonly used method based on two consecutive oxidations of hydroxymethyl Pcs.