The Role of Dynamic Retinoscopy in Predicting Infantile Accommodative Esotropia and Influencing Emmetropization.

Introduction And Purpose: To investigate the role that dynamic retinoscopy can play in reducing the occurrence of infantile accommodative esotropia and facilitating emmetropization in infants with high hyperopia.

Patients And Methods: 211 orthotropic infants under 1 year of age (3.5 to 12 months) identified as having ≥5 diopters of hyperopia in their more hyperopic eye on a routine eye exam.

Antioxidant effects of vitamin D on lacrimal glands against high dose radioiodine-associated damage in an animal model.

Purpose: To evaluate antioxidant effects of active vitamin D (calcitriol) against high-dose radioiodine (RAI) therapy-associated damage of lacrimal gland.

Materials And Methods: Wistar albino rats were used and divided into three groups randomly (n = 12/group). The first group was appointed as the negative control group and received no RAI or medication.

Age-related change in corneal biomechanical parameters in a healthy Caucasian population.

Purpose: To determine the effect of aging on corneal biomechanical parameters measured via ocular response analyzer in a homogenous healthy Caucasian population.

Methods: A total of 2039 Caucasian adults were consecutively recruited and divided into seven groups according to decades of age. The difference in mean corneal hysteresis (CH), mean corneal resistance factor (CRF), mean Goldmann-correlated intraocular pressure (IOPg), and mean corneal-compensated IOP (IOPcc) between decades of age were investigated.

The role of anterior segment optical coherence tomography in the management of an intra-corneal foreign body.

Introduction: Corneal foreign bodies are reported to be the second most common type of ocular injury. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) is a valuable tool for the early diagnosis and monitoring the progress of treatment in cases of ocular trauma. Herein we aimed to report on a patient with an intra-corneal foreign body and the role of AS-OCT in management.

The Effect of Smoking on Corneal Biomechanics.

Purpose: To determine the effect of smoking on corneal biomechanical behavior.

Materials And Methods: The medical records of consecutive patients that presented to the ophthalmology department were reviewed. History of smoking and ophthalmological examination findings were recorded.

Hyperbaric oxygen for the treatment of the rare combination of central retinal vein occlusion and cilioretinal artery occlusion.

A 43-year-old male presented with sudden onset of painless, blurred vision in his left eye. Dilated fundoscopic examination showed signs consistent with the diagnosis of a combination of central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and cilioretinal artery occlusion (CLRAO). He received daily 2-h sessions of hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT), 253 kPa for 14 days.

Iris metastasis of gastric adenocarcinoma.

Background: Iris metastasis in patients with gastric cancer is extremely rare. Herein, it is aimed to report on a patient with gastric adenocarcinoma and iris metastasis.

Case Presentation: A 65-year-old patient with the history of gastric cancer was admitted for eye pain and eye redness on his left eye.

Corneal Biomechanical Properties in Aspirin Users.

Purpose: To analyze corneal biomechanical properties in aspirin users using an ocular response analyzer.

Methods: This study included 80 eyes of 40 aspirin users and 80 eyes of 40 individuals who did not use aspirin. Corneal hysteresis (CH), the corneal resistance factor (CRF), Goldman-correlated intraocular pressure (IOPg), and corneal compensated intraocular pressure (IOPcc) were measured in all participants.

Retinal tear: an unusual complication of ocular toxoplasmosis.

Purpose: It is aimed to report on a 16-year-old patient with acquired ocular toxoplasmosis complicated by a retinal tear.

Methods: Retrospective medical chart review.

Results: A 16-year-old Caucasian female presented with vision loss in her right eye.

Emmetropization, visual acuity, and strabismus outcomes among hyperopic infants followed with partial hyperopic corrections given in accordance with dynamic retinoscopy.

Object: To record emmetropization, visual acuity, and strabismus outcomes among hyperopic infants followed with partial hyperopic corrections given in accordance with dynamic retinoscopy (DR).

Methods: Infants (3.5-12 months of age) with ≥5 D hyperopia were followed without glasses or partial hyperopic corrections prescribed according to their near dynamic accommodative abilities determined by DR responses at the initial visit and follow-ups.

Comparison of Two Techniques for the Treatment of Recurrent Pterygium: Amniotic Membrane vs Conjunctival Autograft Combined with Mitomycin C.

Purpose: To compare the results of amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) combined with mitomycin C (MMC) to the results of free conjunctival autograft (CA) combined with MMC for the treatment of patients with recurrent pterygium.

Methods: In this prospective study, 60 eyes of 55 patients with recurrent pterygium were included and randomly assigned into group I (n = 30) who underwent AMT combined with MMC (AMT-MMC) and group II (n = 30) who underwent CA combined with MMC (CA-MMC). During a mean follow-up of 27.

Retinal endoilluminator toxicity of xenon and light-emitting diode (LED) light source: rabbit model.

Objective: This study evaluates retinal toxicity due to endoillumination with the light-emitting diode (LED) light source in comparison to endoillumination with xenon light source.

Material And Methods: Twenty-five eyes of 14 New Zealand pigmented rabbits were used in the study. The LED light (Omesis Medical Systems, Turkey) group was composed of 7 right eyes, while the other 7 right eyes constituted the xenon group (420 nm filter, 357mW/cm(2)) (Bright Star; DORC, Zuidland, Netherlands).

Toxic optic neuropathies.

Purpose Of Review: Many causes of toxic optic neuropathy have been described to date and novel causes of toxicity are continuously being added to the current literature. The pathophysiological basis for the toxicity or a direct causal relationship is yet to be determined for many of these agents. This review highlights the reports made over the last year about the commonly reported agents, with emphasis on the mechanisms of toxicity.

Role of posterior vitreous detachment on outcome of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment in age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of posterior vitreous detachment on outcome of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection.

Methods: Sixty-one eyes with age-related macular degeneration that had received intravitreal bevacizumab or ranibizumab injections were retrospectively reviewed. The vitreomacular interface was evaluated, and eyes were grouped according to the presence of posterior vitreous detachment (Group 1, n = 25) or vitreomacular adhesion (Group 2, n = 36).

Posttraumatic intraocular pressure elevation and associated factors in patients with zone I open globe injuries.

Background: The object of this study was to determine factors that might be associated with intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation after anterior segment open globe injuries (zone I).

Methods: Data were obtained from the records of 68 patients who experienced zone I open globe injury between January 2008 and October 2010. Group I was composed of patients with chronically elevated IOP of at least 21 mmHg within a 1-year follow-up period.

Radioprotective effect of montelukast sodium in rat lacrimal glands after radioiodine treatment.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphological changes of rat lacrimal glands at the third month following radioiodine (RAI) treatment and the radioprotective effect of montelukast (ML) sodium against RAI-related lacrimal gland damage.

Methods: Fifty female Wistar Albino rats were divided into three groups. The control group (n=10) consisted of rats with no intervention.

Changes in conjunctival cytology and tear function tests with radioiodine treatment for hyperthyroidism.

Objectives: Radioiodine (RAI) is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism and differentiated thyroid cancer. Radioiodine therapy is associated with dry eyes and some side effects are seen especially due to beta rays. In this study, the functional and cytological status of lacrimal glands after RAI therapy was evaluated.

Intraoperative floppy-iris syndrome: comparison of tamsulosin and drugs other than alpha antagonists.

Background: To determine and compare the incidence of intraoperative floppy iris syndrome (IFIS) features in patients using tamsulosin, and other chronic medications.

Methods: We prospectively studied patients who underwent phacoemulsification (PE) between March 2006 and October 2007 on use of tamsulosin or a single medication like antihypertansive (AH), antiaggregant (AAg), antipsycotic (AP) or oral antidiabetic (OAD). Patients were grouped as tamsulosin users (Group 1), previous tamsulosin users (Group 2), chronic medication users (AH, AAg, AP or OAD) (Group 3) and patients with no medication (Group 4).

Comparison of sutures and cyanoacrylate tissue adhesives for wound repair in a rat model of corneal laceration.

Aims: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the cicatricial repair of a corneal artificial perforation in rats with 10-0 nylon suture, N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA) adhesive, or NBCA + methacryloxysulfolane (NBCA-MS) adhesive through microscopic and histological assays.

Methods: Twenty Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups each containing 5 rats: (1) control group (corneal trauma without suturing and tissue adhesives), (2) suture group, (3) NBCA group and (4) NBCA-MS group. A central full-thickness 2-mm laceration was performed in the left eyes of the studied rats in all 4 groups.

Cup-to-disc ratio in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension is smaller than that in normal subjects.

Background: A small cup-to-disc (C:D) ratio is an established risk factor for nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. We sought to determine if a small C:D ratio was present in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) as a potential risk factor for visual loss in that disorder.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 52 charts of patients diagnosed with IIH at Michigan State University from 1990 to 2003.

Prevalence of pinguecula and pterygium in patients with thyroid orbitopathy.

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of pinguecula and pterygium in patients with thyroid orbitopathy (TO) and to evaluate its correlation with clinical findings.

Methods: All patients underwent a thorough ophthalmic examination, including tear function analysis using tear film breakup time (BUT) measurement. For patients with TO, lid retraction, Hertel exophthalmometry, and clinical activity scores were also measured.

The impact of Nd:YAG capsulotomy on foveal thickness measurement by optical coherence tomography.

Background And Objective: To measure the foveal thickness change after Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy by optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Patients And Methods: Fifty-four eyes of 54 patients who had posterior capsule opacification underwent Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy. OCT of the foveal region was performed preoperatively and postoperatively (on days 1 and 7 and months 1, 3, 6, and 12).

Takayasu's disease and secondary ocular ischemic syndrome.

Takayasu's, or "pulseless," disease is a rare, idiopathic, chronic granulomatous vasculitis that affects large arterial blood vessels. Ocular manifestations occur as a consequence of obliteration of the carotid artery, and ocular ischemia may develop. A 14-year-old girl with progressive visual loss and ocular ischemic syndrome secondary to Takayasu's disease is described.

Topical cyclosporine A for the dry eye findings of thyroid orbitopathy patients.

Purpose: To determine the beneficial effect of topically administered Cyclosporine A (CsA) for the dry eye findings of thyroid orbitopathy patients.

Patients And Methods: This prospective pilot study included 73 eyes of 42 patients with thyroid orbitopathy who had documented dry eye findings. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups: in group 1 (48 eyes), patients received topical artificial tear-drop treatment.

Vitrectorhexis versus forceps capsulorhexis for anterior and posterior capsulotomy in congenital cataract surgery.

Purpose: To compare the results of anterior and posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis created using forceps with those created using vitrector in eyes suffering from congenital cataract.

Methods: Twenty-eight eyes with congenital cataract were included in the study. The anterior and posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexes were created using microforceps in 17 eyes or through a vitrector in 11 eyes.