Outlet type constipation in adult patients treated with type A botulinum toxin: a cohort study.

Purpose: Chronic constipation is a common symptom. Constipation due to pelvic floor disorders remain a therapeutic challenge. Biofeedback therapy is considered as the first-choice treatment for pelvic floor disorders, whenever dedicated expertise is available.

Entero-Cutaneous and Entero-Atmospheric Fistulas: Insights into Management Using Negative Pressure Wound Therapy.

Enteric fistulas are a common problem in gastrointestinal tract surgery and remain associated with significant mortality rates, due to complications such as sepsis, malnutrition, and electrolyte imbalance. The increasingly widespread use of open abdomen techniques for the initial treatment of abdominal sepsis and trauma has led to the observation of so-called entero-atmospheric fistulas. Because of their clinical complexity, the proper management of enteric fistula requires a multidisciplinary team.

Beyond acute appendicitis: a single-institution experience of unexpected pathology findings after 989 consecutive emergency appendectomy.

Introduction: Appendiceal neoplasms (ANs) are rare, with an estimated incidence of around 1%: neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) and low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (LAMNs) comprise most cases. Most tumours are cured by appendectomy alone, although some require right hemicolectomy and intra-operative chemotherapy. The aim of the present study is to evaluate our institution's experience in terms of the prevalence of AN, their histological types, treatment and outcomes in adult patients undergoing emergency appendectomy.

Acute cholecystitis management in high-risk, critically ill, and unfit-for-surgery patients: the Italian Society of Emergency Surgery and Trauma (SICUT) guidelines.

Dealing with acute cholecystitis in high-risk, critically ill, and unfit-for-surgery patients is frequent during daily practice and requires complex management. Several procedures exist to postpone and/or prevent surgical intervention in those patients who temporarily or definitively cannot undergo surgery. After a systematic review of the literature, an expert panel from the Italian Society of Emergency Surgery and Trauma (SICUT) discussed the different issues and statements in subsequent rounds.

Splenic abscess with spontaneous gastrosplenic fistula: case report and review of the literature.

Gastrosplenic fistula (GSF) is an unusual event that might occur in patients with various gastric or splenic diseases. While GSF related to gastric and splenic malignancies is well-documented in the literature, cases of GSF due to a splenic abscess are extremely rare. We experienced the case of a 49-year-old man with a medical history of tricuspid cardiac valve replacement for infective endocarditis who presented with a sudden onset of anemia and melena.

Surgical complications of oncological treatments: A narrative review.

Gastrointestinal complications are common in patients undergoing various forms of cancer treatments, including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and molecular-targeted therapies. Surgical complications of oncologic therapies can occur in the upper gastrointestinal tract, small bowel, colon, and rectum. The mechanisms of action of these therapies are different.

The spectrum of pneumatosis intestinalis in the adult. A surgical dilemma.

Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) is a striking radiological diagnosis. Formerly a rare diagnostic finding, it is becoming more frequently diagnosed due to the wider availability and improvement of computed tomography scan imaging. Once associated only with poor outcome, its clinical and prognostic significance nowadays has to be cross-referenced to the nature of the underlying condition.

Use of High-Resolution Multispectral UAVs to Calculate Projected Ground Area in L. Tree Orchard.

In the last decade, research on Corylus avellana has focused on improving field techniques and hazelnut quality; however, climatic change and sustainability goals call for new agronomic management strategies. Precision management technologies could help improve resource use efficiency and increase grower income, but research on remote sensing systems and especially on drone devices is still limited. Therefore, the hazelnut is still linked to production techniques far from the so-called Agriculture 4.

SARS-CoV-2 and the pancreas: What do we know about acute pancreatitis in COVID-19 positive patients?

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can cause pancreatic damage, both directly to the pancreas angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors (the transmembrane proteins required for SARS-CoV-2 entry, which are highly expressed by pancreatic cells) and indirectly through locoregional vasculitis and thrombosis. Despite that, there is no clear evidence that SARS-CoV-2 is an etiological agent of acute pancreatitis. Acute pancreatitis in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) positive patients often recognizes biliary or alcoholic etiology.

Pooled Analysis of Real-World Evidence Supports Anti-CGRP mAbs and OnabotulinumtoxinA Combined Trial in Chronic Migraine.

OnabotulinumtoxinA, targeting the CGRP machinery, has been approved for the last two decades for chronic migraine prevention. The recently approved monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) directed towards the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) pathway open a new age for chronic migraine control. However, some 40% patients suffering from chronic migraine is still resistant to treatment.

Therapeutic strategies in Crohn's disease in an emergency surgical setting.

Crohn's disease (CD) remains a chronic, incurable disorder that presents unique challenges to the surgeon. Multiple factors must be considered to allow development of an appropriate treatment plan. Medical therapy often precedes or complements the surgical management.

Early gastric cancer: A challenge in Western countries.

Early gastric cancer (EGC) is an invasive carcinoma involving only the stomach mucosa or submucosa, independently of lymph node status. EGC represents over 50% of cases in Japan and in South Korea, whereas it accounts only for approximately 20% of all newly diagnosed gastric cancers in Western countries. The main classification systems of EGC are the Vienna histopathologic classification and the Paris endoscopic classification of polypoid and non-polypoid lesions.

Acute intestinal ischemia in patients with COVID-19: single-centre experience and literature review.

Objective: Acute Intestinal ischemia (AII) may involve the small and/or large bowel after any process affecting intestinal blood flow. COVID-19-related gastrointestinal manifestations, including AII, have been attributed to pharmacologic effects, metabolic disorders in ICU patients and other opportunistic colonic pathogens. AII in COVID-19 patients may be due also to "viral enteropathy" and  SARS-CoV-2-induced small vessel thrombosis.

Prediction of postoperative nausea and vomiting by point-of-care gastric ultrasound: can we improve complications and length of stay in emergency surgery? A cohort study.

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting and postoperative ileus are common after major digestive surgery and represent one of the significant problems in Acute Care Surgery. The delivery model of emergency surgery needs to be improved in order to foster a patient-centered care. The multimodal approach suggested by Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS®) Guidelines is gaining widespread acceptance but is difficult to apply to emergency surgery.

rs629301 CELSR2 polymorphism confers a ten-year equivalent risk of critical stenosis assessed by coronary angiography.

Background And Aims: Novel genetic determinants associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) have been discovered by genome wide association studies. Variants encompassing the CELSR2- PSRC1-SORT1 gene cluster have been associated with CAD. This study is aimed to investigate the rs629301 polymorphism association with the extent of CAD evaluated by coronary angiography (CAG), and to evaluate its associations with an extensive panel of lipid and lipoprotein measurements in a large Italian cohort of 2429 patients.

Prevention of incisional hernia at the site of stoma closure with different reinforcing mesh types: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: To evaluate safety and efficacy of a mesh reinforcement following stoma reversal to prevent stoma site incisional hernia (SSIH) and differences across the prostheses used.

Methods: A systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS and Cochrane databases was conducted to identify comparative studies until September 2020. A meta-analysis of postoperative outcomes and a network meta-analysis for a multiple comparison of the prostheses with each other were performed.

Risk of anastomotic bleeding after left colectomy with preservation of inferior mesenteric artery for diverticular disease: preliminary results.

Background: The inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) preservation in elective laparoscopic left colectomy for diverticular disease may reduce the risk of anastomotic leakage. However, an increased risk of bleeding is assumed. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of colorectal anastomosis bleeding when IMA is resected or preserved during left colectomy.

A comparison among innovative plants for high quality extra-virgin olive oil production.

Background: The cleaning operation of extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO), subsequent to its extraction, is generally performed by means of a vertical disc stack centrifuge separator causing qualitative damage due to increased oxidative alterations. However, previous works have demonstrated the great opportunity that settling represents in order to improve the EVOO quality performing the separation operation with minimal qualitative damage.

Results: A new patented prototype device (ROTASED, RS) has been used in the cleaning operation of extra-virgin olive comparing physical and chemical characterization of EVOO after 48 h from extraction and after 180 days of shelf-life.

Complete Cognitive Recovery and Survival From Massive Pulmonary Embolism During General Anesthesia after Administration of Alteplase: A Case Report.

Presented herein is the case of a 37-year-old male who was scheduled for an anterior decompressive laminectomy after suffering trauma to the cervical area (C6-C7). An intraoperative acute pulmonary embolism (APE) was suspected after persistent hypoxemia and a decreased end-tidal CO2 that was refractory to proper management. After 6 intraoperative episodes of cardiac arrest that followed, intravenous alteplase (thrombolytic therapy) was administered, and the patient was stabilized without major complications.

Microbiological Stability and Overall Quality of Ready-To-Heat Meals Based on Traditional Recipes of the Basilicata Region.

The quality of ready meals is affected by several factors that may impair stability and nutritional value. In this work, we evaluated the overall quality of four traditional meals (Basilicata region) prepared according to the cook&chill method, packaged in air or modified atmosphere packaging (MAP; 70% N and 30% CO), and stored at 4 °C for seven days. The shelf-life was determined by challenge testing and inactivation by microwave (MW) heating was assessed.

Models for the rapid assessment of water and oil content in olive pomace by near-infrared spectrometry.

Background: The measurement of the water and oil content in olive pomace is crucial for controlling the olive-oil extraction process. The use of near-infrared (NIR) spectra could allow the measurement of the oil and water content in olive pomace.

Results: Partial least squares for pomace oil content on a dry basis reached an error of 2.

Recollection of Fertility Discussion in Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology Patients: A Single-Institution Study.

With increasing number of childhood cancer survivors, focus has recently shifted to improving future quality of life and long-term complications, such as infertility. Despite national guidelines, fertility preservation is discussed in less than half of the eligible patients. In this study, we sought to discover if education gaps regarding fertility exist within our practice, in efforts to address these gaps to improve the quality of cancer care we provide.

PCSK9-D374Y mediated LDL-R degradation can be functionally inhibited by EGF-A and truncated EGF-A peptides: An in vitro study.

Background And Aims: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) binds to low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) through the LDLR epidermal growth factor-like repeat A (EGF-A) domain and induces receptor internalization and degradation. PCSK9 has emerged as a novel therapeutic target for hypercholesterolemia. Clinical studies with PCSK9 inhibiting antibodies have demonstrated strong LDL-c lowering effects, but other therapeutic approaches using small molecule inhibitors for targeting PCSK9 functions may offer supplementary therapeutic options.