Early-stage endometrial cancer, CTNNB1 mutations, and the relation between lymphovascular space invasion and recurrence.

Introduction: Women diagnosed with early-stage (FIGO 1) endometrial cancer, grade 1 and 2 can have a good prognosis. Most of these women can be treated successfully with a hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and without the additional adjuvant treatment that is accompanied by more risks for complications. However, when recurrence does occur, the consequences can be dire.

A randomized controlled trial comparing surgical excisional biopsies using CO laser, Er:YAG laser and scalpel.

This randomized controlled trial (RCT) (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03001791) compared excisional biopsies of fibrous hyperplasia performed using a CO laser (140Hz, 400μs, 33mJ), Er:YAG laser (35Hz, 297μs, 200mJ, air-water cooling), or scalpel (15c blade). Clinical parameters recorded were duration of the intervention, intraoperative bleeding, need for electrocauterization and/or suturing, postoperative side effects, complications, pain, and intake of analgesics.

Characterization of molecular scores and gene expression signatures in primary breast cancer, local recurrences and brain metastases.

Background: Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide. Despite extensive studies in all areas of basic, clinical and applied research, accurate prognosis remains elusive, thus leading to overtreatment of many patients. Diagnosis could be improved by introducing multigene molecular scores in standard clinical practice.

A randomized controlled clinical and histopathological trial comparing excisional biopsies of oral fibrous hyperplasias using CO and Er:YAG laser.

This study was conducted in order to compare clinical and histopathological outcomes for excisional biopsies when using pulsed CO laser versus Er:YAG laser. Patients (n = 32) with a fibrous hyperplasia in the buccal mucosa were randomly allocated to the CO (140 Hz, 400 μs, 33 mJ) or the Er:YAG laser (35 Hz, 297 μs, 200 mJ) group. The duration of excision, intraoperative bleeding and methods to stop the bleeding, postoperative pain (VAS; ranging 0-100), the use of analgesics, and the width of the thermal damage zone (μm) were recorded and compared between the two groups.

Tomosynthesis-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsy: A feasibility study.

Purpose: Evaluation of feasibility and clinical performance of a tomosynthesis-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsy (TVAB) system compared to Stereotaxy (SVAB).

Materials And Methods: All biopsies were performed on consecutive patients: 148 TVAB biopsies and 86 biopsies on different patients using SVAB. Evaluation criteria for each biopsy were technical feasibility, histopathology, procedure time, and complications.

[Inverted ductal papilloma].

Benign papillary lesions originating from the ductal epithelium of the minor salivary glands of the oral cavity include intraductal papilloma, inverted ductal papilloma (IDP) and sialadenoma papilliferum.

Pulsed versus continuous wave CO2 laser excisions of 100 oral fibrous hyperplasias: a randomized controlled clinical and histopathological study.

Background: In experimental animal studies, pulsing the CO2 laser beam has been shown to reduce the thermal damage zone of excised oral mucosal tissue. However, there is still controversy over whether this is borne out under clinical conditions.

Objective: To compare the outcome following excisional biopsies of fibrous hyperplasias using a pulsed (cf) versus a continuous wave (cw) CO2 laser mode regarding the thermal damage zone, duration of surgeries, intra- and postoperative complications, postoperative pain sensation, scarring and/or relapse during the initial 6 months.

Bilateral necrotizing sialometaplasia of the hard palate in a patient with bulimia: a case report and review of the literature.

Necrotizing sialometaplasia (NS) is a rare and benign lesion that mostly affects the posterior hard palate. Its importance resides in its clinical and microscopic characteristics, which can closely mimic malignant neoplasias, in particular oral squamous cell carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Accurate histopathologic evaluation of an incisional biopsy is considered as the diagnostic gold standard.

3'-UTR poly(T/U) tract deletions and altered expression of EWSR1 are a hallmark of mismatch repair-deficient cancers.

The genome-wide accumulation of DNA replication errors known as microsatellite instability (MSI) is the hallmark lesion of DNA mismatch repair (MMR)-deficient cancers. Although testing for MSI is widely used to guide clinical management, the contribution of MSI at distinct genic loci to the phenotype remains largely unexplored. Here, we report that a mononucleotide (T/U)16 tract located in the 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR) of the Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1 (EWSR1) gene is a novel MSI target locus that shows perfect sensitivity and specificity in detecting mismatch repair-deficient cancers in two independent populations.

Value of one-view breast tomosynthesis versus two-view mammography in diagnostic workup of women with clinical signs and symptoms and in women recalled from screening.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the diagnostic value of one-view digital breast tomosynthesis versus two-view full-field digital mammography (FFDM) alone, and versus a combined reading of both modalities.

Materials And Methods: The datasets of one-view digital breast tomosynthesis and two-view FFDM of abnormal mammograms in 144 consecutive women admitted for diagnostic workup with clinical signs and symptoms (n = 78) or recalled from screening (n = 66) were read alone and in a combined setting. The malignant or benign nature of the lesions was established by histologic analysis of biopsied lesions or by 12-16-month follow-up.

Does a pulsed mode offer advantages over a continuous wave mode for excisional biopsies performed using a carbon dioxide laser?

Purpose: Animal studies of excisional biopsies have shown less thermal damage when a carbon dioxide (CO(2)) laser (10.6 μm) is used in a char-free (CF) mode than in a continuous-wave (CW) mode. The authors' aim was to evaluate and compare clinical and histopathologic findings of excisional biopsies performed with CW and CF CO(2) laser (10.

Asymptomatic ossifying fibroma of the mandible: a case presentation.

Ossifying fibromas are rare benign bone-related lesions of the jaw. Early diagnosis based on clinical, radiologic, and pathohistologic findings is essential, since undetected lesions may expand and cause considerable functional and cosmetic problems. The treatment of choice is purely surgical.

Expansive nasopalatine duct cysts with nasal involvement mimicking apical lesions of endodontic origin: a report of two cases.

Introduction: The nasopalatine duct cyst (NPDC) is the most frequent nonodontogenic cyst of the jaws and can be misinterpreted as an apical lesion of endodontic origin.

Methods: In the first case, a 17-year-old male patient was referred because of a pressure sensation in the anterior maxilla. The teeth #7, #8, #10, and #11 responded to cold sensitivity testing, and on tooth #9 an endodontic treatment had been performed 3 years ago.

PRO_10--a new tissue-based prognostic multigene marker in patients with early estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.

Background/aims: Clinicopathological and molecular factors determine the prognosis of breast cancer. PRO_10 is a prognostic score based on quantitative RT-PCR of 10 proliferation-associated genes obtained from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded breast cancer tissues. We revalidated PRO_10 in patients treated in a non-trial setting.

CO2 and diode laser for excisional biopsies of oral mucosal lesions. A pilot study evaluating clinical and histopathological parameters.

Purpose: The present pilot study evaluates the histopathological characteristics and suitability of CO2 and diode lasers for performing excisional biopsies in the buccal mucosa with special emphasis on the extent of the thermal damage zone created.

Patients And Methods: 15 patients agreed to undergo surgical removal of their fibrous hyperplasias with a laser. These patients were randomly assigned to one diode or two CO2 laser groups.

Palatal swelling as the first and only manifestation of extranodal follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a case presentation.

Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) in the head and neck region are malignant lymphoid neoplasms that usually originate from B-lymphocytic cell lines. Primary extranodal manifestations of this hematolymphoid tumor in the oral cavity are rare and involve the maxillary jaw including the palatal soft tissues, the mandible, and gingival tissues in patients between 60 and 70 years of age without sex predilection. This case report of an extra-nodal NHL in the palate of a 75-year-old patient emphasizes the importance of accurate clinical, radiographic, and histologic diagnostic procedures to avoid delayed diagnosis or inappropriate treatment strategies.

Molecular risk assessment of BIG 1-98 participants by expression profiling using RNA from archival tissue.

Background: The purpose of the work reported here is to test reliable molecular profiles using routinely processed formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues from participants of the clinical trial BIG 1-98 with a median follow-up of 60 months.

Methods: RNA from fresh frozen (FF) and FFPE tumor samples of 82 patients were used for quality control, and independent FFPE tissues of 342 postmenopausal participants of BIG 1-98 with ER-positive cancer were analyzed by measuring prospectively selected genes and computing scores representing the functions of the estrogen receptor (eight genes, ER_8), the progesterone receptor (five genes, PGR_5), Her2 (two genes, HER2_2), and proliferation (ten genes, PRO_10) by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) on TaqMan Low Density Arrays. Molecular scores were computed for each category and ER_8, PGR_5, HER2_2, and PRO_10 scores were combined into a RISK_25 score.

Prognostic and predictive value of TOPK stratified by KRAS and BRAF gene alterations in sporadic, hereditary and metastatic colorectal cancer patients.

Background: Our aim was to investigate the prognostic and predictive value of the oncogenic MAPKK-like protein T-cell-originated protein kinase (TOPK) stratified by KRAS and BRAF mutations in patients with sporadic, hereditary and metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) treated with anti-EGFR therapy.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for TOPK was performed on four study groups. Group 1 included two subgroups of 543 and 501 sporadic CRC patients used to test the reliability of TOPK expression by IHC.

Canalicular adenoma of a minor salivary gland on the palate: a case presentation.

Canalicular adenomas are uncommon, benign epithelial neoplasms of the salivary glands that usually involve the upper lip and buccal mucosa of elderly people. Differential diagnosis of the canalicular adenoma versus adenocarcinoma is important, as it may result in unjustified radiotherapy or extensive and aggressive surgery. Despite the benign nature of canalicular adenomas, complete surgical removal and a regular clinical follow-up are recommended.

Histology of periapical lesions obtained during apical surgery.

The aim of this was to evaluate the histology of periapical lesions in teeth treated with periapical surgery. After root-end resection, the root tip was removed together with the periapical pathological tissue. Histologic sectioning was performed on calcified specimens embedded in methylmethacrylate (MMA) and on demineralized specimens embedded in LR White (Fluka, Buchs, Switzerland).

Apocrine papillary cystadenoma of a minor salivary gland on the lower lip: case presentation.

Cystadenomas are a rare, painless, and slow-growing benign epithelial tumor of the salivary gland. This article describes the case of a papillary cystadenoma in the lower lip of a 46-year-old man. The lesion was removed using a carbon dioxide laser, and there were no signs of recurrence 1 year postoperatively.

Loss of pulp sensitivity and pain as the first symptoms of a Ewing's sarcoma in the right maxillary sinus and alveolar process: report of a case.

This case report describes the diagnosis and treatment of a Ewing's sarcoma in the right maxillary sinus and alveolar bone of a 19-year-old female patient. The first clinical symptoms were a loss of sensitivity of the premolars and first molar in the right maxilla and acute pain located in the area of these teeth. Initially, the referring dentist had treated these findings as an acute apical periodontitis with root canal medication.

[Oral erythroplakia and erythroleukoplakia: red and red-white dysplastic lesions of the oral mucosa--part 2: cytodiagnosis, pathogenesis, therapy, and prognostic aspects].

The second part of the present review article presents and discusses the current literature regarding cytodiagnostic aspects, pathogenesis, therapy, incidence of recurrence, and malignant transformation rate of oral erythroplakia (OE) and oral erythroleukoplakia (OEL). Oral cytopathology, eventually in combination with DNA cytometry, can add valuable information to conventional histopathology, but is not able yet to replace the aforementioned. Numerous molecular genetic variants have been studied in precancerous lesions to gain knowledge about the prognosis of these lesions.

[Oral erythroplakia and erythroleukoplakia: red and red-white dysplastic lesions of the oral mucosa--part 1: epidemiology, etiology, histopathology and differential diagnosis].

Oral erythroplakia (OE) and oral erythroleukoplakia (OEL; synonym: speckled leukoplakia) are working diagnoses for red and red-white lesions of the oral mucosa after exclusion of all other possible diagnoses for lesions with a similar clinical appearance. A good knowledge of oral medicine and possible differential diagnoses of oral mucosal pathologies is mandatory to correctly detect OE and OEL on this exclusion basis. In the present review article in a series of two, epidemiologic data, etiologic factors, possible differential diagnoses, and the histopathologic characteristics of OE and OEL will be presented and discussed regarding the current literature.