A cross-sectional analysis of falsified, counterfeit and substandard medicines in a low-middle income country.

Background: High prevalence of falsified, counterfeit and substandard medicines pose a threat to public health and treatment failure. This study aimed to investigate the quality of selected essential medicines available in Mongolia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study collected essential medicines from pharmacy outlets in Mongolia, during June and July, 2017.

Free and universal access to primary healthcare in Mongolia: the service availability and readiness assessment.

Background: The government of Mongolia mandates free access to primary healthcare (PHC) for its citizens. However, no evidence is available on the physical presence of PHC services within health facilities. Thus, the present study assessed the capacity of health facilities to provide basic services, at minimum standards, using a World Health Organization (WHO) standardized assessment tool.